Dusky leaf-nosed bat

Last updated

Dusky leaf-nosed bat
Hipposideros ater by Nameer.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Hipposideridae
Genus: Hipposideros
Species:
H. ater
Binomial name
Hipposideros ater
Templeton, 1848
Dusky Roundleaf Bat area.png
Dusky leaf-nosed bat range

The dusky leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros ater) is a bat from the genus Hipposideros whose habitat extends from India and Sri Lanka to the Philippines, New Guinea and Northern Australia. This species is counted in the H. bicolor species group and was formerly classified within that species. [2]

Contents

The genus name Hipposideros comes from the Greek words for "horse" (ἴππος) and "iron" (σίδηρος) and means "horseshoe"; a reference to the complex nose that species in this genus are known for. The generic designation ater is Latin for "black" and notes the relative dark color of this species's coat. [3]

Habitat and behavior

In the Philippines this species is found in rainforests at sea level up to elevations of 1200 m. The animal rests in caves in both forests and agricultural areas. [4] In Australia the species lives in both mangroves and rainforests in as well as in dry, open areas. [5] [6] Like most bats, H. ater is active at night. In Australia it sleeps in the daytime in caves, mines and sometimes tree holes, preferably in dark, warm and moist places. The animal eats small, flying insects. This bat flies slowly, but is manoeuvrable. [5] The mating season is in April; the young are born from October to December and are weaned in January. [5] [6]

Range

In Australia, the species lives in the extreme north of Western Australia (Kimberly), the northern half of the Northern Territory, in Cape York and the surrounding areas (Queensland). The species was caught several times in Middle-Queensland and the south of the Northern Territories, outside of the "normal" range. [5] In New Guinea, the species was captured in only three places, all three situated in Papua New Guinea. [6] In New Guinea the species is found in Ambon, the Aru Islands, Morotai, New Britain, New Ireland and Woodlark. It is also possible to find it in the Sangihe Islands and Talaud Islands. [3] In the Philippines the species is found in Balabac, Bohol, Catanduanes, Leyte, Luzon, Marinduque, Maripipi, Mindanao, Negros and Palawan. [4]

Subspecies

This species is divided into a number of subspecies: H. a. amboinensis (Peters, 1871) from Ambon, H. a. antricola (Peters, 1861) in the Philippines (including Palawan), H. a. ater from Sri Lanka and India, H. a. aruensis Gray, 1858 from the Aru Islands and New Guinea, H. a. gilberti from Australia, H. a. nicobarulae in the Nicobar Islands and H. a. saevus from the area between South-Thailand and the Moluccas. [2] [3] [7] Instances from Borneo cannot be assigned to a particular subspecies, although H. a. antricola en H. a. saevus appear to have a slightly longer skull. They would be classified in the same way that H. a. ater en H. a. antricola sometimes have reduced teeth. However, there are only four known instances from Borneo, only one of which is undamaged. [7]

Description

It is a very small leaf bat, but with huge, wide, round eyes. The coat is long and soft. The upside is grey-brown to grey, sometimes also orange. The square leaf nose is relatively simple in shape. [3] [5] [6] The structure of the leaf nose appears on the H. cineraceus but the color appears more on the H. pomona . [8] Instances of this species from both India as well as Catanduanes have a karyotype of van 2n=32, FN=60, just as many other Hipposideros species. [9]

In the table below are the sizes of H. ater in various areas.

SizeAustralia [5] New Guinea [6] Supiori [3] Borneo [7] Palawan [10] Catanduanes [11]
Snout-vent Length (mm)33-4645.641.5-50.0---
Tail Length (mm)-19.027.7-29.1---
Forearm Length (mm)34.5-40.540.0-42.840.6-42.540.4-40.739.4-40.440-43
Tibia Length (mm)-16.9-19.616.7-18.5---
Read Foot Length (mm)-8-8.4----
Ear Length (mm)-19.7-2016.8-18.2---
Weight (g)3.4-5.68.35.9-8.3---

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Long-tongued nectar bat</span> Species of bat

The long-tongued nectar bat, also known as the northern blossom bat, honey nectar bat, least blossom-bat, dagger-toothed long-nosed fruit bat, and lesser long-tongued fruit bat, is a species of megabat. M. minimus is one of the smallest species in the family Pteropodidae, with an average length of 60–85 mm. It has a reddish-brown colouring with relatively long hair compared to the other species. The hair on the abdomen is a lighter colour, and a dark brown stripe runs bilaterally down the top of the head and back.

<i>Hipposideros</i> Genus of bats

Hipposideros is one of the most diverse genera of bats, with more than 70 species. They are collectively called roundleaf bats after the shape of their nasal ornament. It is the type genus of the family Hipposideridae. It is divided into species groups based on morphology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philippine deer</span> Species of deer

The Philippine deer, also known as the Philippine sambar or Philippine brown deer, is a vulnerable deer species endemic to the Philippines. It was first described from introduced populations in the Mariana Islands, hence the specific name.

The angulate pipistrelle, also known as the New Guinea pipistrelle, is a species of vesper bat found in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mindanao pygmy fruit bat</span> Species of bat

The Mindanao pygmy fruit bat is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is the only species within the genus Alionycteris. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forests at high elevations that are either scarce or overtaken by tourist hotspots. As a result, this species may be seeking new elevated habitats likely in the southern region of the Philippines and along the islands of Sulawesi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is a very small bat which has long and soft fur. The fur coloration is brown to blackish on the dorsal surface and ashy on the ventral surface. It can be distinguished from the other roundleaf bats by its small size and the absence of the tail. It is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sundevall's roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

Sundevall's roundleaf bat, also called Sundevall's leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fawn leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The fawn leaf-nosed bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vanuatu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fly River roundleaf bat</span> Species of bat

The Fly River roundleaf bat is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in West Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northern leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The northern leaf-nosed bat is a micro-bat of the family Hipposideridae, known as "leaf-nosed" bats. The species is endemic to northern regions of Australia. They are highly manoeuvrable in flight, and use echolocation to forage for insect prey.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lamotte's roundleaf bat</span> Species of mammal

Lamotte's roundleaf bat is a species of bat found only at Mount Nimba on the border of Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea and Liberia. It is critically endangered.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hipposideridae</span> Family of bats

The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family. Nevertheless, it is most closely related to Rhinolophidae within the suborder Yinpterochiroptera.

<i>Nyctimene</i> (genus) Genus of bats

Nyctimene is a genus of bats in the Pteropodidae family. Commonly known as tube-nosed fruit bats, they are found in the central Philippines, eastern Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and the north-east coast of Australia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philippine long-tailed macaque</span> Subspecies of Old World monkey

The Philippine long-tailed macaque is a subspecies of the crab-eating macaque, known in various Philippine languages as matching/matsing or the more general term unggoy ("monkey"). It is endemic to the Philippine forests and woodlands, but especially in the mangrove forests of western central Philippines— particularly in Palawan, the Visayas, and Mindanao. The names M. f. philippinensis and M. f. philippinenesis have also been used, but arise from orthographical error.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The orbiculus leaf-nosed bat, also known as the orbiculus roundleaf bat and small disc roundleaf bat, is a species of bat from the family Hipposideridae. The species has been found on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia and on peninsular Malaysia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shield-nosed leaf-nosed bat</span> Species of bat

The shield-nosed leaf-nosed bat or shield-nosed roundleaf bat is a bat from Laos and Vietnam.

References

  1. ↑ Armstrong, K.N. (2021). "Hipposideros ater". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T80457009A22097974. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T80457009A22097974.en . Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  2. 1 2 Simmons, N.B. (2005). "Order Chiroptera". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 367–368. ISBN   978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC   62265494.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Flannery, T.F. 1995. Mammals of the South-West Pacific & Moluccan Islands. Chatswood: Reed Books, 464 pp. ISBN   0-7301-0417-6
  4. 1 2 "Hipposideros ater of Philippine Mamillian Fauna". Archived from the original on 2009-03-18. Retrieved 2015-10-21.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Menkhorst, P. & Knight, F. 2001. A Field Guide to the Mammals of Australia. South Melbourne: Oxford University Press, x+269 pp. ISBN   0-19-550870-X
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Flannery, T.F. 1995. Mammals of New Guinea. Chatswood: Reed Books, 568 pp. ISBN   0-7301-0411-7
  7. 1 2 3 Hill, J.E. & Francis, C.M. 1984. New bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) and new records of bats from Borneo and Malaya. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series 47(5):305-329.
  8. ↑ Borissenko, A.V. & Kruskop, S.V. 2003. Bats of Vietnam and adjacent territories. An identification manual. Moscow: Zoological Museum of Moscow M. V. Lomonosov State University, 212 pp.
  9. ↑ Rickart, E.A., Mercier, J.A. & Heaney, L.R. 1999. Cytogeography of Philippine bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 112(3):453-469.
  10. ↑ Esselstyn, J.A., Widman, P. & Heaney, L.R. 2004. The mammals of Palawan Island, Philippines. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 117(3):271-302.
  11. ↑ Heaney, L.R., Gonzales, P.C, Utzurrum, R.C.B. & Rickart, E.A. 1991. The mammals of Catanduanes Island: implications for the biogeography of small land-bridge islands in the Philippines. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 104(2):399-415.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.