| Otoglossum | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Otoglossum harlingii | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Tribe: | Cymbidieae |
| Subtribe: | Oncidiinae |
| Genus: | Otoglossum (Schltr.) Garay & Dunst. |
| Type species | |
| Otoglossum hoppii | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Otoglossum is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to South America and Central America. [1] [2] [3] [4]
They are plants of ovoid pseudobulbs spaced in long, along a creeping or ascending upward rhizomes, with thick and tanned leathery leaves. The inflorescence is axillary, racemosa, erect, starting from the sheaths of the pseudobulbs, racemous, erect, with many rather large and wavy or curly, rounded flowers.
The petals and sepals have similar shapes and sizes, with very frizzy, oval, large margins, somewhat concave. The lip is inserted at the base of the column. The spine is short, sometimes with dorsal calluses. The spine is short, apodes, sometimes with dorsal calluses before the stigmatic cavity, small wings or auricles, and terminal anther somewhat inserted under the terminal margins of the spine.
In 2001 Mark W. Chase and Norris Williams subordinated the Oncidium section Serpentia to Otoglossum. The species in this section, Oncidium serpens , Oncidium sanctipauli , Oncidium harlingii and Oncidium globuliferum , have few and widely spaced flowers at first glance, very similar to those of Oncidium varicosum , long repeating rhizomes like those of Rodriguezia , show frequent sprouting of new plants in the nodules of ancient floral stems, and morphologically have little in common with Otoglossum other than the scandal habit.
| Section | Image | Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| section Otoglossum | Otoglossum arminii (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst. | Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil | 1800 - 2700 | |
| Otoglossum axinopterum (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst. | Ecuador | 500 - 2500 | ||
| Otoglossum brachypterum (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst. | Peru | |||
| Otoglossum candelabrum (Linden ex Pérot) Jenny & Garay | Colombia, Ecuador | 1500 - 1600 | ||
| Otoglossum chiriquense (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst. | Costa Rica, Panama | 800 - 3000 | ||
| Otoglossum dayanum (Rchb.f.) Jenny & Garay | Peru | |||
| Otoglossum hoppii (Schltr.) Garay & Dunst. | Colombia | |||
| Otoglossum virolinense P.Ortiz & Jenny | Colombia | 2400 | ||
| Otoglossum weberbauerianum (Kraenzl.) Garay & Dunst. | Peru | 2000 - 2300 | ||
| section Brevilongium |  | Otoglossum brevifolium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst. | Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia | 900 - 2800 |
 | Otoglossum harlingii (Stacy) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase | Ecuador | 1800 - 3100 | |
 | Otoglossum globuliferum (Kunth) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase | Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru | 400 - 2400 | |
| Otoglossum palaciosii (Dodson) M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams | Ecuador | 1650 | ||
| Otoglossum sancti-pauli (Kraenzl.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase | Colombia, Venezuela | 1100 - 1300 | ||
| Otoglossum scansor (Rchb.f.) Carnevali & I.Ramírez in J.A.Steyermark & al. | Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil | 750 - 1950 | ||
| Otoglossum serpens (Lindl.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase | Colombia, Ecuador, Peru | 1500 - 2700 | ||
Otoglossum, according to its new definition already expanded to include the aforementioned section of Oncidium, then groups about thirteen epiphytic species, occasionally terrestrial, in rule of scandal growth, that inhabit humid, fresh and cold mountainous areas from Costa Rica to Peru until the altitude of three thousand meters, over trees or rocky escarpments. Three species registered for Brazil, two belonging to the old section of Odontoglossum and one to Oncidium.
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae, a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Orchids are cosmopolitan plants that are found in almost every habitat on Earth except glaciers. The world's richest diversity of orchid genera and species is found in the tropics.
Bulbophyllum is a genus of mostly epiphytic and lithophytic orchids in the family Orchidaceae. It is the largest genus in the orchid family and one of the largest genera of flowering plants with more than 2,000 species, exceeded in number only by Astragalus. These orchids are found in diverse habitats throughout most of the warmer parts of the world including Africa, southern Asia, Latin America, the West Indies, and various islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Orchids in this genus have thread-like or fibrous roots that creep over the surface of trees or rocks or hang from branches. The stem is divided into a rhizome and a pseudobulb, a feature that distinguished this genus from Dendrobium. There is usually only a single leaf at the top of the pseudobulb and from one to many flowers are arranged along an unbranched flowering stem that arises from the base of the pseudobulb. Several attempts have been made to separate Bulbophyllum into smaller genera, but most have not been accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
Brassavola is a genus of 21 orchids. They were named in 1813 by the Scottish botanist Robert Brown. The name comes from the Italian nobleman and physician Antonio Musa Brassavola. This genus is abbreviated B. in trade journals.
Phragmipedium is a genus of the Orchid family (Orchidaceae) and the only genus comprised in the tribe Phragmipedieae and subtribe Phragmipediinae. The name of the genus is derived from the Greek phragma, which means "division", and pedium, which means "slipper". It is abbreviated 'Phrag' in trade journals.
Oncidium, abbreviated as Onc. in the horticultural trade, is a genus that, as of December 2023, contains about 340 species of orchids from the subtribe Oncidiinae of the orchid family Orchidaceae. It is distributed across tropical and subtropical America from Mexico, Central America and the West Indies to northern Argentina, with one species (O. ensatum) extending into Florida. Common names for plants in this genus include dancing-lady orchid and golden shower orchid.
Trichocentrum, often abbreviated Trctm in horticulture, is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Dancinglady orchid is a common name for plants in this genus. It was described by Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher and Eduard Friedrich Poeppig in 1836. This genus alone makes up the monogeneric Trichocentrum alliance, a quite distinct lineage of the subtribe Oncidiinae.
The Oncidiinae is a subtribe within the Orchidaceae that consists of a number of genera that are closely related.
Miltonia, abbreviated Milt. in the horticultural trade, is an orchid genus comprising twelve epiphyte species and eight natural hybrids. The miltonias are exclusively inhabitants of Brazil, except for one species whose range extends from Brazil into the northeast of Argentina and the east of Paraguay.
Maxillaria, abbreviated as Max in the horticultural trade, is a large genus of orchids. This is a diverse genus, with very different morphological forms. Their characteristics can vary widely. They are commonly called spider orchids, flame orchids or tiger orchids. Their scientific name is derived from the Latin word maxilla, meaning jawbone, reflecting on the column and the base of the lip of some species, that may evoke a protruding jaw.
Odontoglossum, first named in 1816 by Karl Sigismund Kunth, is a formerly accepted genus of orchids that is now regarded as a synonym of Oncidium. Several hundred species have previously been placed in Odontoglossum. The scientific name of the genus is derived from the Greek words odon (tooth) and glossa (tongue), referring to the two tooth-like calluses on the base of the lip. Species formerly placed in this genus are cool to cold growing orchids to be found on open spots in the humid cloud forest at higher elevations from Central- and West South America to Guyana, with most species around the northern Andes. The abbreviation for this genus is Odm. in the horticultural trade. Many of the species formerly placed in the genus are in great demand with orchid lovers because of their spectacular and flamboyant flowers.
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plants in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.
Oncidium alexandrae, synonyms including Odontoglossum crispum, is an epiphytic orchid in the genus Oncidium. Known as the curled odontoglossum, it is considered by many to be the most beautiful orchid of all but is also one of the most difficult to grow.
Loefgrenianthus blanche-amesiae is a showy orchid species, inhabitant of Serra do Mar mountains in Brazilian southeast. It is the only species of the monotypic genus Loefgrenianthus. It can be differentiated from its closest genus, Leptotes, both because of its pending vegetation with flat leaves and the flowers which have a saccate labellum. Loefgrenianthus blanche-amesiae is highly appreciated by orchid collectors.
Miltonia phymatochila, synonym Phymatochilum brasiliense, is an orchid species native to northeast and southeast Brazil. It is an inhabitant of the Serra do Mar mountains. It vegetatively resembles Oncidium species rather than other Miltonia species and was at one time placed as the only species in the genus Phymatochilum.
Adenochilus, commonly known as gnome orchids is a genus of two species of flowering plants in the orchid family Orchidaceae, one endemic to New Zealand and the other to Australia. Both species have a long, horizontal, underground rhizome with a single leaf on the flowering stem and a single resupinate flower with its dorsal sepal forming a hood over the labellum and column.
Artorima is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. At present, only one species is known: Artorima erubescens
Isotria is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae.
Koellensteinia is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is named by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach for the Captain Carl Kellner von Koellenstein, an Austrian military officer and a botanical correspondent of Reichenbach.
Psychopsiella is a monotypic genus in the orchid family found only in the state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil and near Caracas in Venezuela. It grows as an epiphyte in evergreen montane forests at elevations of 800 to 1,500 metres.
Dendrobieae is a tribe in the subfamily Epidendroideae, in the family Orchidaceae. The Dendrobieae are mostly tropical, epiphytic orchids which contain pseudobulbs.
Media related to Otoglossum at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Otoglossum at Wikispecies