| Panulirus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Panulirus interruptus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Family: | Palinuridae |
| Genus: | Panulirus White, 1847 |
| Type species | |
| Panulirus japonicus | |
Panulirus is a genus of spiny lobsters in the family Palinuridae, including those species which have long flagella on their first antennae. [1]
It contains the following species: [2]
| Image | Name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) | Caribbean spiny lobster | western Atlantic Ocean |
 | Panulirus brunneiflagellum Sekiguchi & George, 2005 | Ogasawara Group (Bonin Islands) of southern Japan | |
 | Panulirus cygnus George, 1962 | western rock lobster. | west coast of Australia |
 | Panulirus echinatus Smith, 1869 | brown spiny lobster | tropical western Atlantic Ocean and central Atlantic Islands. |
 | Panulirus femoristriga (von Martens, 1872) | stripe-leg spiny lobster | Indo-Pacific. |
 | Panulirus gracilis Streets, 1871 | green spiny lobster | Eastern Pacific: From Baja California Sur to the west coast of Peru and the Galapagos Islands. |
 | Panulirus guttatus (Latreille, 1804) | spotted spiny lobster or Guinea chick lobster | western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. Its range extends from Bermuda, the Bahamas, southern Florida and the West Indies, to Curaçao, Bonaire, Los Roques and Suriname |
 | Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758) | coasts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans | |
| Panulirus inflatus (Bouvier, 1895) | blue spiny lobster | Eastern Central Pacific: Mexico. | |
 | Panulirus interruptus (Randall, 1840) | California spiny lobster | eastern Pacific Ocean from Monterey Bay, California to the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. |
 | Panulirus japonicus (von Siebold, 1824) | Japanese spiny lobster | the Pacific Ocean around Japan, China, and Korea. |
| Panulirus laevicauda (Latreille, 1817) | smoothtail spiny lobster | Western Atlantic | |
 | Panulirus longipes (A. Milne-Edwards, 1868) | longlegged spiny lobster | tropical Indo-Pacific |
 | Panulirus marginatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) | Hawaiian Islands | |
| Panulirus meripurpuratus (Giraldes & Smyth,2016) | Pernambuco state, northeastern coast of Brazil. | ||
 | Panulirus ornatus (Fabricius, 1798) | tropical rock lobster, ornate rock lobster, ornate spiny lobster and ornate tropical rock lobster | Indo-Pacific, from the Red Sea and KwaZulu-Natal in the west to Japan and Fiji in the east |
 | Panulirus pascuensis Reed, 1954 | Easter Island spiny lobster | Easter Island and the Pitcairn Islands in the Pacific Ocean |
 | Panulirus penicillatus (Olivier, 1791) | variegated crayfish, tufted spiny lobster, spiny lobster, Socorro spiny lobster, red lobster, pronghorn spiny lobster, golden rock lobster, double spined rock lobster and coral cray | tropical Indo-Pacific region |
 | Panulirus polyphagus (Herbst, 1793) | mud spiny lobster | tropical Indo-Pacific region. |
| Panulirus regius De Brito Capello, 1864 | royal spiny lobster | Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean | |
| Panulirus stimpsoni Holthuis, 1963 | Chinese spiny lobster | Indo-West Pacific | |
 | Panulirus versicolor (Latreille, 1804) | painted rock lobster, common rock lobster, bamboo lobster, blue lobster, and blue spiny lobster | western Pacific and the Indian Ocean |
Spiny lobsters, also known as langustas, langouste, or rock lobsters, are a family (Palinuridae) of about 60 species of achelate crustaceans, in the Decapoda Reptantia. Spiny lobsters are also, especially in Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, and the Bahamas, called crayfish, sea crayfish, or crawfish, terms which elsewhere are reserved for freshwater crayfish.
The California spiny lobster is a species of spiny lobster found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from Monterey Bay, California, to the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. It typically grows to a length of 30 cm (12 in) and is a reddish-brown color with stripes along the legs, and has a pair of enlarged antennae but no claws. The interrupted grooves across the tail are characteristic for the species.
Lobsters are widely fished around the world for their meat. They are often hard to catch in large numbers, but their large size can make them a profitable catch. Although the majority of the targeted species are tropical, the majority of the global catch is in temperate waters.
Slipper lobsters are a family (Scyllaridae) of about 90 species of achelate crustaceans, in the Decapoda clade Reptantia, found in all warm oceans and seas. They are not true lobsters, but are more closely related to spiny lobsters and furry lobsters. Slipper lobsters are instantly recognisable by their enlarged antennae, which project forward from the head as wide plates. All the species of slipper lobsters are edible, and some, such as the Moreton Bay bug and the Balmain bug are of commercial importance.
Panulirus cygnus is a species of spiny lobster, found off the west coast of Australia. Panulirus cygnus is the basis of Australia's most valuable fishery, making up 20% of value of Australia's total fishing industry, and is identified as the western rock lobster.
The Japanese spiny lobster, Panulirus japonicus, is a member of the genus Panulirus of spiny lobsters. It grows up to 30 centimetres (12 in) long and lives in the Pacific Ocean around Japan, Taiwan, China, and Korea. P. japonicus is the subject of commercial lobster fishery in Japan. It is a popular item in high-class Japanese cuisine. Serving and preparation methods include sashimi, as a steak, frying, and roasting alive.
Panulirus argus, the Caribbean spiny lobster, is a species of spiny lobster that lives on reefs and in mangrove swamps in the western Atlantic Ocean.
Panulirus versicolor is a species of spiny lobster that lives in tropical reefs in the Indo-Pacific. Other names include painted lobster, common rock lobster, bamboo lobster, blue lobster, and blue spiny lobster. P. versicolor is one of the three most common varieties of spiny lobster in Sri Lanka, alongside Panulirus homarus and Panulirus ornatus.
Panulirus marginatus, the Hawaiian spiny lobster, is a species of spiny lobster in the family Palinuridae which is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. It is the subject of extensive commercial and recreational fisheries.
Panulirus pascuensis is a species of spiny lobster found around Easter Island and the Pitcairn Islands in the Pacific Ocean. It is known in English as the Easter Island spiny lobster, Langosta de Isla de Pascua in Spanish and Ura in the Rapa Nui language. This lobster is fished on a small scale for local consumption.
Panulirus homarus is a species of spiny lobster that lives along the coasts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It lives in shallow water, and feeds on the brown mussel Perna perna. It typically grows to a length of 20–25 cm (7.9–9.8 in). Alongside the dark green nominate subspecies, two red subspecies are recognised, one around the Arabian Peninsula, and one around southern Africa. It is the subject of small-scale fishery.
Panulirus ornatus is a large edible spiny lobster with 11 larval stages that has been successfully bred in captivity.
Panulirus guttatus, the spotted spiny lobster or Guinea chick lobster, is a species of spiny lobster that lives on shallow rocky reefs in the tropical West Atlantic and Caribbean Sea.
Panulirus echinatus, the brown spiny lobster, is a species of spiny lobster that lives on rocky reefs in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean and central Atlantic Islands.
Panulirus longipes, the longlegged spiny lobster, is a species of spiny lobster that lives on shallow rocky and coral reefs in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".
Panulirus penicillatus is a species of spiny lobster that lives on shallow rocky and coral reefs in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Common names for this spiny lobster include variegated crayfish, tufted spiny lobster, spiny lobster, Socorro spiny lobster, red lobster, pronghorn spiny lobster, golden rock lobster, double spined rock lobster and coral cray. It has a very wide range and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".
Panulirus polyphagus, the mud spiny lobster, is a species of crustacean that lives on shallow rocky reefs and muddy substrates in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of "least concern".
Panulirus gracilis, the green spiny lobster, is a crustacean species described by Thomas Hale Streets 1871. Panulirus gracilis is part of the genus Panulirus and the Palinuridae family. IUCN categorizes the species globally as insufficiently studied. No subspecies are listed in the Catalog of Life.
Panulirus inflatus, the blue spiny lobster, is a species of crustacean in the family Palinuridae. It is found at rocky reefs to depths of 30 m (100 ft) in the Pacific Ocean off Mexico, ranging from Baja California to Chiapas. It is commonly caught in artisanal fisheries, but the species is not threatened, being categorized as least concern by the IUCN. There are no subspecies.
Parribacus perlatus, the Easter Island mitten lobster, is a species of slipper lobster found around Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean. The lobster is a traditional food source for the Rapanui where it is known as rape-rape.
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