Paralonchurus

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Paralonchurus
FMIB 50652 Paralonchurus petersi Bocourt Panama.jpeg
Paralonchurus petersii
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Acanthuriformes
Family: Sciaenidae
Genus: Paralonchurus
Boucourt, 1869
Type species
Paralonchurus petersii
Bocourt, 1869 [1]
Synonyms [1]

Paralonchurus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the eastern Pacific Ocean with one species in the western Atlantic Ocean.

Contents

Taxonomy

Paralonchurus was first proposed as a monospecific genus in 1869 by the French zoologist and artist Marie Firmin Bocourt when he described Paralonchurus petersii as its only species. [1] Bocourt gave the type locality as La Unión, El Salvador. [2] The genus Paralonchurus is included in the subfamily Micropogoninae by some workers, [3] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sciaenidae, which it places in the order Acanthuriformes. [4]

Etymology

Paralonchurus combines para, which means "near", with Lonchrurus, a genus that shares some features with Paralonchurus such as the absence of pseudobranchiae. [5]

Species

Paralonchurus has the following valid species classified within it: [6]

Some authorities classify the blackfin croaker ( Lonchurus elegans ) in the genus Paralonchurus and this makes the genus Lonchurus into a monospecific genus. [2] [7]

Characteristics

Paralonchurus croakers have elongated bodies with a rounded back and a narrow, low head with ablunt and wide snout, belwo which is a horizontal mouth. They have small eyes and there are 5 pores and 3 pairs of barbels on the chin. There are between 8 and 22 thin barbels along the median margin of the lower jaw. There is an incision in the upper lip. The preoperculum may be either smooth or finely serrated. There is a deep incision separating the first, spiny part of the dorsal fin, supported by 9 or 10 slim spines, and the soft rayed part, supported by between 28 and 31 soft rays. The anal fin is supported by 2 spines and between 7 and 9 soft rays. The caudal fin is bluntly pointed. [8] The maximum published total length for this genus is 51 cm (20 in) for the Peruvian banded croaker (L. peruanus) while the smallest species is the beraded banded croaker with a maximum published total length of 30 cm (12 in). [6]

Distribution

Paralonchurus croakers are found off the Americas with five of the six species occurring in the eastern Pacific Ocean between Mexico and Peru and one species, P. brasiliensis occurring from Panama to southern Brazil in the western Atlantic Ocean. [6]

Related Research Articles

<i>Menticirrhus</i> Genus of fishes

Menticirrhus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums or croakers. They are commonly known as kingcroakers or kingfish. These fish are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.

<i>Argyrosomus</i> Genus of fishes in the drum family, Sciaenidae

Argyrosomus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums. The fish in this genus are large and are commonly targeted as game fish.

<i>Micropogonias</i> Genus of fishes

Micropogonias is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the eastern Pacific and western Atlantic Oceans.

<i>Cynoscion</i> Genus of fishes

Cynoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family, Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found off the coasts of North and South America in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans. Many fishes in this genus have been given the common name weakfish.

<i>Sciaena</i> Genus of fishes

Sciaena is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Eastern Pacific Ocean and the Eastern Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Nebris</i> Genus of fishes

Nebris is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. There are two species in the genus, one in the Western Atlantic Ocean and one in the Eastern Pacific Ocean.

<i>Bairdiella</i> Genus of fishes

Bairdiella is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Ocean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blackspotted croaker</span> Species of fish

The blackspotted croaker, also known in Australia as the black jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the Indo-Pacific region. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Protonibea.

<i>Atractoscion</i> Genus of fishes

Atractoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fished belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The fishes in this genus are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Lonchurus</i> Genus of fishes

Lonchurus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic.

<i>Odontoscion dentex</i> Species of fish

Odontoscion dentex, the reef croaker or brown large-eyed croaker, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. It is found in coral and rocky reefs of the tropical Western Atlantic, living as solitary individuals or in small groups at a depth of 1 to 30 m. This species feeds on small fish, shrimp, and larvae.

The yellowtail croaker, also known as the yellowtail jewfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This species is found in the southwestern Pacific Ocean off northern Australia and southern New Guinea. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Austronibea.

Ctenosciaena is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic and southeastern Pacific Oceans.

<i>Isopisthus</i> Genus of fishes

Isopisthus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans.

<i>Larimus</i> Genus of fishes

Larimus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the croakers and drums. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuja bola</span> Species of fish

The cuja bola is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the northern Indian Ocean in India, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Macrospinosa.

<i>Micropogonias furnieri</i> Species of fish

Micropogonias furnieri, the whitemouth croaker, golden croaker, hardhead, mangrove snapper, rocandoronco, two-belly bashaw, West Indian croaker, West Indian drum or whitemouth drummer, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. This fish is found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Odontoscion</i> Genus of fishes

Odontoscion is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the croakers and drums. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans.

<i>Pachyurus</i> Genus of freshwater fishes in the Sciaenidae family, including ten South American species

Pachyurus is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. The ten recognised species in the genus are found in South America.

Protosciaena is a small genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sciaenidae, the drums and croakers. These fishes are found in the Western Atlantic Ocean.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Sciaenidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  2. 1 2 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Paralonchurus". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  3. ↑ Kunio Sasaki (1989). "Phylogeny of the family Sciaenidae, with notes on its Zoogeography (Teleostei, Peciformes)" (PDF). Memoirs of the Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University. 36 (1–2): 1–137.
  4. ↑ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6.
  5. ↑ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (9 March 2023). "Series Eupercaria (Incertae sedis): Families Callanthidae, Centrogenyidae, Dinopercidae, Emmelichthyidae, Malacanthidae, Monodactylidae, Moronidae, Parascorpididae, Sciaenidae and Sillagidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Paralonchurus". FishBase . February 2023 version.
  7. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Lonchurus". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  8. ↑ "Genus: Paralonchurus, Croakers, Croaker". Shorefishes of the Greater Caribbean online information system. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute . Retrieved 16 June 2023.
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