Parawixia | |
---|---|
Abandoned web orb-weaver ( P. dehaani ) in Taman Negara National Park, Malaysia | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
Class: | Arachnida |
Order: | Araneae |
Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
Family: | Araneidae |
Genus: | Parawixia F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904 [1] |
Type species | |
P. destricta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) | |
Species | |
31, see text |
Parawixia is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1904. [2] Most species are found in the Neotropics but one species, Parawixia dehaani , is found in Australasia and tropical Asia as far west as India. [1]
Parawixia audax, one of the better known species, makes a large loose web, placing itself either in the center with its head down or in a retreat created from a rolled-leaf. This species builds webs 1 to 2 metres (3 ft 3 in to 6 ft 7 in) above the ground, but there are likely many more species farther up in the canopy that are rarely collected by usual means.
Parawixia bistriata builds its webs much higher from the ground, frequently found on telephone poles. It is known to be social, and all individuals in a colony are of the same age and size. During the day, they share a retreat where they cluster together. [3]
As of April 2019 [update] it contains thirty-one species: [1]
Pachomius is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1896. Uspachia was merged into genus Romitia in 2007, and all nine species were merged into Pachomius in 2015. The name is derived from Pachomius, the founder of cenobitic monasticism.
Cyclosa, also called trashline orbweavers, is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Anton Menge in 1866. Widely distributed worldwide, spiders of the genus Cyclosa build relatively small orb webs with a web decoration. The web decoration in Cyclosa spiders is often linear and includes prey remains and other debris, which probably serve to camouflage the spider. The name "Cyclosa" comes from Greek 'to move in a circle', referring to how it spins its web.
Micrathena, known as spiny orbweavers, is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sundevall in 1833. Micrathena contains more than a hundred species, most of them Neotropical woodland-dwelling species. The name is derived from the Greek "micro", meaning "small", and the goddess Athena.
Metepeira is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1903. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek μετά and the obsolete genus name Epeira, denoting a genus similar to Epeira.
Mangora is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1889.
Corinna is a genus of corinnid sac spiders first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1841. They are found in Mexico and south to Brazil, and with selected species found in Africa.
Chrysometa is a genus of long-jawed orb-weavers that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1894. It is a senior synonym of Capichameta.
Eustala is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1895.
Metazygia is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1904. They physically resemble members of Nuctenea, but they do not have fine setae on the carapace.
Ocrepeira is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by George Marx in 1883.
Wagneriana is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by F. O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1904.
Faiditus is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1884.
Alpaida is a genus of South American orb-weaver spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1889.