Pemalang Regency

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Pemalang Regency
Kabupaten Pemalang
Regency
Other transcription(s)
 •  Hanacaraka ꦥꦸꦂꦮꦺꦴꦑꦺꦂꦠꦺꦴ
Cabbage farm in Batursari village.jpg
Cabbage farm with the peak of Mount Slamet in the background in Camara hamlet of Batursari village, Pemalang.
Logo Kabupaten Pemalang.png
Coat of arms
Motto(s): 
Pemalang IKHLAS

(Indah, Komunikatif, Hijau, Lancar, Aman, Sehat)

(Lovely, Communicative, Green, Smooth, Safe, Healthy)
Locator kabupaten pemalang.png
Location within Central Java
Java location map plain.svg
Red pog.svg
Pemalang Regency
Location in Java
Indonesia location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Pemalang Regency
Location in Indonesia
Coordinates: 6°53′26″S109°22′51″E / 6.89056°S 109.38083°E / -6.89056; 109.38083
CountryIndonesia
Province Coat of arms of Central Java.svg Central Java
CapitalPemalang
Government
 •  Regent Mansur Hidayat
 • Acting RegentAgung Hariyadi
Area
 • Total
1,115.30 km2 (430.62 sq mi)
Population
 (mid 2023 estimate)
 • Total
1,523,622
 • Density1,400/km2 (3,500/sq mi)
  [1]
Time zone UTC+7 (WIB)
Area code 0284
Vehicle registration G
Website pemalangkab.go.id

Pemalang Regency is a regency (Indonesian : kabupaten) on the north coast of Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is the town of Pemalang. The regency is bordered by the Java Sea to the north, by Pekalongan Regency to the east, by Purbalingga Regency to the south, and by Tegal Regency to the west. It covers an area of 1,115.30 km2, and it had a population of 1,261,353 at the 2010 Census [2] and 1,471,489 at the 2020 Census; [3] the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,523,622 (comprising 772,034 males and 751,588 females). [1]

Contents

History

Pre Mataram

Archaeological evidence demonstrates settlement in Pemalang during prehistoric times. The findings of the punden and baths in the north-west of Moga District. Ganesha statue, phallus, graves and tombstones in the village Keropak. Besides archaeological evidence that suggests the existence of an Islamic cultural elements can also be connected such as the grave of Sheikh Maulana Maghribi in Comal Kawedanan. There is also the grave of Rohidin, Sayyid uncle of Sunan Ampel Ngali who had a mission to convert the local population.

Pemalang's existence in the 16th century can be attributed to van Goens Rijkloff records and data in the book of W. Fruin Mees stated that in 1575 Pemalang is one of 14 independent regions in Java, led by a prince or a king. In a later development, and Panembahan Seda Senopati Panembahan Krapyak of Mataram conquered these areas, including Pemalang. Since then, Pemalang has become vassals of the Mataram area ruled by princes or vassal kings.

Pemalang and Kendal in the period before the 17th century was an area that was more important than Tegal, Pekalongan and Semarang, because of the highway linking the northern coast to the hinterland of Central Java (Mataram) that crosses Pemalang and Wiradesa, regarded as the oldest road connecting the two regions.

As the population of rural settlements that have regularly appeared in the early centuries AD to the period of the 14th and 15th centuries, and then growing rapidly in the 16th century, which increased during the development of Islam in Java under a kingdom of Demak, Cirebon and then Mataram.

At that time Pemalang have successfully established traditional governance in the years around 1575. Figure origins of Pajang named Prince Benawa. The Prince is King Jipang origin who succeeded his father who had died, Sultan Adiwijaya.

The position of the king was preceded by a bitter feud between him and Aria Pangiri.

Prince Benawa only ruled for one year. He died – -local belief states that Prince Benawa died in Pemalang, and was buried in the village Penggarit (now the Heroes Cemetery Penggarit).

Duchy subordinate to Mataram

Pemalang into administrative territorial unit steady since R. Mangoneng, Pangonen or Mangunoneng became ruler Pemalang region centered on Hamlet Oneng, Bojongbata village in about 1622. During this period Pemalang is apanage of Prince Purbaya of Mataram. According to some sources Mangoneng R is a figure that local leaders supporting the policy of Sultan Agung. A character who is very anti- VOC. Thus Mangoneng can be seen as a leader, soldier, warrior and hero of the nation in the fight against the Dutch colonization in the 17th century is the struggle against the Dutch under the banner of Sultan Agung of Mataram.

In about 1652, Sunan Ingabehi Subajaya Amangkurat II lifted into the Regent Pemalang after Amangkurat II established rule in Mataram throne after uprising Trunajaya extinguished with the help of the VOC in 1678.

Diponegoro War

According to the Dutch in 1820 Pemalang then ruled by a regent named Mas Tumenggung Suralaya. At this time Pemalang has been closely associated with the character Kanjeng Swargi or Kanjeng Pontang. A regent involved in the war Diponegoro. Swargi Kanjeng is also known as Gusti Sepuh, and during the war he managed to flee to the Netherlands Sigeseng or Kendaldoyong. Tomb of Gusti Sepuh can be identified as the tomb of Kanjeng Swargi or Reksodiningrat. In times of year reign between 1823 and 1825 i.e. during Reksadiningrat Regents. Note Netherlands said that the persistent assist the Dutch in the Diponegoro war in the North Coast area of Java just – regent regent Tegal, Kendal and rods without mentioning Regent Pemalang.

Meanwhile, in another part of the book P.J.F. Louw, entitled De Java Oorlog van 1825 -1830 reported that Van den Resident Poet organize some good lineup of Tegal, Pemalang and Bradford to defend themselves from Diponegoro in September 1825 until the end of January 1826. Involvement in helping the Dutch Pemalang this can be attributed with the Dutch statement stating Duke Reksodiningrat only officially recorded as regent until 1825 Pemalang. deployment and probable events that occur after the Pemalang Reksodiningrat Duke joins forces which resulted in the Dutch Diponegoro stop Regent Reksodiningrat.

In 1832 the Regent Pemalang Mbahurekso is Raden Tumenggung Sumo Negoro. At that time due to the success of abundant prosperity of agriculture in the area of Pemalang. As is known Pemalang is the producer of rice, coffee, tobacco and peanuts. In a report published at the beginning of the 20th century, stated that Pemalang a Karisidenan department and the District of Pekalongan. Pemalang section divided into two Pemalang and Randudongkal. And all district is divided into 5 districts. So thus Pemalang a district name, district and Onder Karisidenan District of Pekalongan, Central Java Province.

First of all district center located in the village of Oneng. Although there are no remnants of this district, but still found another clue. Instructions in the form of a hamlet named Oneng which can still be found today in the village of Bojongbata. While all district centers are both confirmed to be in Ketandan. The remains of the building can still be seen today is around Ketandan Clinic (Department of Health). The third district is the center of the current district (all district near Town Square Pemalang). The district is now also the rest of the buildings built by the Dutch colonial. Which subsequently went through several rehab and renovation of buildings up to forms joglo as typical building in Central Java.

Dutch colonial period and beyond

Thus all of the regency had been established as an administrative entity after the Dutch colonial administration. In biokratif all district administration also continue to be addressed. From the colonial bureaucratic forms that smells feudalistic bureaucracy towards more in line with developments in the present.

Independence

New order

1966–1967

In 1966, after the 30 September Movement ended and the 11 March Order was passed, based on the Decree (SK) of the Governor of the Central Java Region Number 204 of 1965 dated 24 August 1965, all Administrative divisions in Indonesia in all districts and municipalities in Central Java comprised as many as 347 units, including Pemalang Regency with as many as 9 districts (Indonesian: kecamatan), as an amalgamation of the existing royal districts. So at that time in Pemalang Regency nine districts had been formed, as a combination of the 18 former sultanate's districts. In 1966 the Pemalang Level II Region with a population of 1,248,851 people (in 1965) and an area of 199,215 hectares or 1,992.15 km2 still covered 3 kawedanaan (a level soon abolished), 9 districts (kecamatan), and 124 new style villages (as a combination of 355 traditional former sultanate villages). In the same year, the construction period in Pemalang Regency had started. The first construction in 1967 was carried out on the construction of bridges, village roads, schools, waterways, irrigation canals, and markets, as well as widening of village roads, repair / renovation of bridges, roads, markets, schools, train stations and irrigation networks. In 1967, Pemalang train station began to be renovated.

1981

In 1981, based on the Decree of the Minister of Home Affairs number 140-502 of 1980 dated 22 September 1980 through the Decree of the Governor of the First Level Region of Central Java number 133-514 of 1980 dated 8 December 1980 and the Regional Regulation of the Province of Central Java Number 9 In 1981 on 10 March 1981, in Pemalang Regency, fourteen urban village were formed, namely by changing the status of some villages to a kelurahan , namely six villages in Pemalang district, four villages in Taman district, two villages in Comal district, one village in Moga district, and one village in Petarukan district, all of which were designated as kelurahan .

1984

In further developments, in addition to changing the status of fourteen villages to that of kelurahan in 1984, based on the Decree of the Minister of Home Affairs number 138-210 of 1982 and Decree (SK) of the Governor of the First Level Region of Central Java number 150–216 in 1983, to be precise in Pemalang Regency, five district representative bodies were formed, namely representatives of Comal District (based in Lewokan), representatives of Moga District (which is based in Warungpring), representatives of Petarukan District (which is based in Langenharjo), representatives of Belik District (which is based in Kawangan / Kendalrejo), and representatives of Randudongkal District (based in Randusari).

Anniversary and Sesanti

As a top penghomatan Kabupten Pemalang the history of the formation of local governments have agreed to give the attribute Anniversary Pemalang. It is always to commemorate the birth history of all district also to provide the nuanced values of patriotism and the values of heroism as a mirror of the people of all district.

One alternative determination anniversary all district was at the time a statement of Prince Diponegoro to levy war against the Dutch Colonial, which is dated 20 July 1823. However, based on the discussion of experts set up by the team all district, the so Pemalang is dated 24 January 1575, or coincide with POND Thursday 1st of Shawwal 1496 Hijri Je 982. The decision was further stipulated in Local Regulation regency of all district No. 9 of 1996 on the anniversary of all district. In 1575 to form the Solar sengkala realized Lunguding Word Wangsiting Gusti having literal meaning: wisdom, speech / Sabdo, teachings, messages, Lord, to have a value of 5751. While 1496 Je realized by Candra sengkala Tawakal Ambuko Wahananing Manunggal that have meaning literally surrender, open, vehicle / container / tools for, unity / together with having the value 6941.

As for all district Sesanti is Pancasila Kaloka Panduning Nagari, with five basic literal meaning, famous / well-known, the guidelines / guidance, country / region to have a value of 5751.

Geography

The northern part of the regency is lowland, while the southern part is mountainous, with the peak of Mount Slamet (on the border with Tegal and Purbalingga), the highest mountain in Central Java. The Comal River is the largest, emptying into the Java Sea at Ujung Pemalang.

The regency capital is located at the northwest tip of the regency, directly adjacent to the Tegal Regency. The town of Pemalang is on the coastal road between Semarang and Surabaya Jakarta. In addition there is a provincial road that connects Pemalang with Purbalingga. One of the famous tourist attractions is the beach Pemalang thistle.

The regency lies in Central Java province, located on the northern coast of Java. Geographically the regency is located between 109° 17'30" – 109° 40'30" E and 6° 52'30" – 7° 20'11" S.

From Semarang (Central Java provincial capital), this regency is approximately 135 km to the west, or if reached by land vehicles takes approximately 3–4 hours by national road, and approximately 90 minutes by the toll road. The whole regency has an area of 1,115.30 km2, with the following boundaries:

Thus the whole regency has a strategic position, both in terms of trade and government.

The regency has a varied topography. The northern part of the regency is a coastal area with an altitude ranging from 1 to 5 metres above sea level. The central part is a fertile lowland with an altitude of 6 to 15 metres above sea level; and the southern highlands and mountains are lush with cool air at an altitude varying from 16 to 925 metres above sea level. The region is crossed by two major rivers – the Waluh River and the Comal River. Most of the region is a fertile watershed.

Climate

Pemalang has a tropical monsoon climate (Am) with moderate to little rainfall from June to October and heavy to very heavy rainfall from November to May.

Climate data for Pemalang
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)30.0
(86.0)		30.2
(86.4)		31.0
(87.8)		31.6
(88.9)		31.7
(89.1)		31.7
(89.1)		31.7
(89.1)		31.9
(89.4)		32.5
(90.5)		32.7
(90.9)		32.1
(89.8)		31.2
(88.2)		31.5
(88.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)26.3
(79.3)		26.4
(79.5)		27.0
(80.6)		27.5
(81.5)		27.4
(81.3)		27.0
(80.6)		26.8
(80.2)		26.7
(80.1)		27.3
(81.1)		27.7
(81.9)		27.6
(81.7)		27.0
(80.6)		27.1
(80.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)22.7
(72.9)		22.7
(72.9)		23.1
(73.6)		23.4
(74.1)		23.2
(73.8)		22.4
(72.3)		21.9
(71.4)		21.5
(70.7)		22.1
(71.8)		22.7
(72.9)		23.1
(73.6)		22.9
(73.2)		22.6
(72.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches)466
(18.3)		377
(14.8)		275
(10.8)		145
(5.7)		143
(5.6)		90
(3.5)		78
(3.1)		67
(2.6)		56
(2.2)		87
(3.4)		150
(5.9)		290
(11.4)		2,224
(87.3)
Source: Climate-Data.org [4]

Administrative districts

Pemalang Regency consists of fourteen districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census [2] and the 2020 Census, [3] together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. [1] The districts are further divided into 222 villages (211 rural desa and 11 urban kelurahan). The administrative centre of government is in the Pemalang District. In addition to Pemalang, other significant district towns are Comal, Petarukan, Ulujami, Randudongkal and Moga.

In broad terms, the population can be described in three geographical areas. In the three coastal districts in the northwest of the regency (Pemalang, Taman and Petarukan) spread over 250.63 km2 there were 578,748 inhabitants (38% of the regency's population) as at mid 2023. In the northeastern districts (Ampeldaging, Cornal and Ulujami) with an area of 140.39 km2 there were 290,970 inhabitants (19%) in mid 2023. The remaining eight districts in the centre and south of the regency, covering 724.28 km2, there were 653,904 inhabitants (43%) in mid 2023. [1]

Ministry of
Home Affairs
code
(Kode Wilayah)		Name of
District
(kecamatan)		Area
in
km2		Pop'n
Census
2010		Pop'n
Census
2020		Pop'n
Estimate
mid 2023		No.
of
Urban villages
(kelurahan)		No.
of
Rural villages
(desa)		StatusList of villages
33.27.01 Moga 41.4062,43272,81675,38310Villages
33.27.14 Warungpring 26.3137,87443,78545,2136Villages
33.27.02 Pulosari 87.5254,30161,77363,49012Villages
33.27.03 Belik 124.54102,374118,638122,59312Villages
33.27.04 Watukumpul 129.0263,57875,89179,09715Villages
33.27.05 Bodeh 85.9853,01762,09664,36419Villages
33.27.06 Bantarbolang 139.1969,88985,14589,27017Villages
33.27.07 Randudongkal 90.3294,666110,553114,49418Villages
33.27.08 Pemalang 101.93172,907200,868207,711713Villages
Urban villages
33.27.09 Taman 67.41157,570187,459195,189219Villages
Urban villages
33.27.10 Petarukan 81.29143,412169,272175,848119Villages
Urban village
33.27.11 Ampelgading 53.3064,58974,70177,14616Villages
33.27.12 Comal 26.5486,46794,54096,055117Villages
Urban village
33.27.13 Ulujami 60.5598,277113,952117,76918Villages
TOTAL1,115.301,261,3531,471,4891,523,62211211

All districts are mostly Javanese-speaking. In the west and south, inhabitants speak the Javanese dialects of Tegal and Banyumasan, while in the east (Petarukan, Comal, Ulujami, Ampelgading and Bodeh) they speak in the Javanese dialect of Pekalongan. In this regency there are also have many tribal people in the vicinity of Mount Slamet.

Government

The following is a list of the Pemalang Regents from 1862 onwards.

NoNameStart PositionEnd of Officevice-regentInformation
1R.A. Soemonegoro1862
2R.T. Reksonegoro15 March 1862June 1879 [5]
3R.T. Soero-adikoesoemo21 June 1879 [6] 24 March 1897 [7]
4R.T.A. Soeraningrat7 April 1897 [8] 21 January 1907 [9]
5R.M.A. Pandji Ariodinoto8 March 1908 [10] 24 January 1920 [11] Moved to Cirebon Regents
6R.A.A. Soedoro Soero-adikoesoemo18 January 1921 [12] 6 October 1940 [13]  
7R.T.A. Rahardjo Soero-adikoesoemo10 September 1941 [14] October 1945Arrested and detained in Three Region Incident
Indonesian Government Period
8R. Soepangat20 October 1945
9 K.H. Makmur 30 December 1945
10Soewarno19471948 
11 Mochtar 1 December 19491954 
12R.M. Soemardi19541956 
13K. Machali19571958 
14R.M. Soemartojo19591966 
15Drs. Rivai Yusuf19671972 
16Drs. Soedarmo 19731975 
17Yoesoef Achmadi19751981 
18Slamet Haryanto, BA19811991 
19Drs. Soewartono19911996 
20Drs. H. Munir19962000 
21H.M. Machroes, SH20002010 H. Junaedi, SH, MH (2006–2011)
22 H. Junaedi, SH, MH 20112016 Mukti Agung Wibowo,S.T.,M.Si.
23Budhi Rahardjo20162016Appointed by the regent of Pemalang
24 H. Junaedi, SH, MH 20162021Drs. Martono
25Mukti Agung Wibowo, ST, M.si20212023

Non-active since 2022

Mansur Hidayat, STDetained by KPK in 2022 [15] and later arrested for a corruption case in 2023. [16]

Vice regent took the role of acting regent since 2022. [17]

26 Mansur Hidayat, ST 20232024Acting regent of Pemalang since 2022.

Appointed as the regent of Pemalang in 2023. [18]

27Agung Hariyadi2024presentFormer head of The Department of Youth and Tourism of Central Java. Appointed as acting regent of Pemalang as the incumbent regent is competing in local election. [19]

Household industry

Industry

Just to the south of Pemalang, there is one large sugar mill named Sumberharjo sugar mill. Although not a popular tourist destination, the mill have many historical significance which regularly attract railfans from Britain or Europe: it is the last place where we can see Du Croo & Brauns steam locomotives in working order, [20] it is also the last sugarcane in Central Java who still operates its field lines (as in 2014 harvesting season), [21] [22] [23] and one of only two sugar mills in Java who regularly deployed their steam locomotives into the field lines (the other being Olean sugar mill in Situbondo, East Java).

Special food

One of Pemalang typical foods is Grombyang rice. The name of this food is quite unique. It is called Grombyang rice because the portion of the dressing is more than the rice and its side dishes so that when it is served in a small bowl it sounds grombyang-grombyang or wobbling like going to spill. When serving, the food consists of rice, slices of buffalo meat and soup which is served with buffalo satay in a small bowl.

Dekem rice cake concoction consisted of sliced rice cake, coconut milk yellow curry like, and sprinkled with coconut serundeng. [1] Lontong dekem usually served with satay.

Loso satay, signature dish from Pemalang, which is served with beef and spicy peanut sauce as its topping

Coto Tauto with fermented soybeans and buffalo meat

It is the traditional cake of Pemalang, Central Java. Kamir made of rice and wheat floor. The wheat Kamir made of mixed wheat floor, margarine, yeast, and sugar. However, the dough should be let overnight to have a perfect dough. While the rice Kamir is made of mixed rice floor, coconut milk, yeast, and sugar.

Tourism

Is a famous tourist attraction Blendung Beach, Beach Water Park, thistle, and Cempaka Wulung upland Moga, waterfall bengkawah and cilating in belik, arugn jerang in tegalarja warungpring Arts and culture are well known Baritan, Kuntulan and Sintren Shopping on Pemalang Among other Pemalang Yogya department store, department store Bases, Sirandu Mall, Pemalang Permai Apartment, Plaza Pemalang (Matahari Department Store)

Famous people

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siege of Batavia</span> Military campaign in Java by Sultan Agung in 1628 and 1629

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The Comal River is a river in Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. It rises in the North Serayu Mountains from Mount Slamet. The river has a length of around 109.18 km flowing from south to north, ending in Java Sea. It is the largest river in Pemalang Regency, Central Java, and flows through seven districts within that regency.

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The 2023 Liga 3 Central Java is the eighth season of Liga 3 Central Java organized by Asprov PSSI Central Java.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Idza Priyanti</span> Indonesian businesswoman and politician

Idza Priyanti is an Indonesian businesswoman and politician of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle. She was regent of Brebes Regency, Central Java for two terms between 2012 and 2022. Before entering politics, she worked in her family's bus company.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kabupaten Pemalang Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3327)
  2. 1 2 Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  3. 1 2 Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
  4. ↑ "Climate: Pemalang". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 13 November 2020.
  5. ↑ "Gevonden in Delpher – De locomotief : Samarangsch handels- en advertentie-blad". www.delpher.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  6. ↑ Regeerings-almanak voor Nederlandsch-Indie 1882. Batavia: Landsdrukkerij. 1881. p. 50.
  7. ↑ "Gevonden in Delpher – Opregte Haarlemsche Courant". www.delpher.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  8. ↑ Regeeringsalmanak voor Nederlandsch-Indie 1907. Batavia: Landsdrukkerij. 1907. p. 174.
  9. ↑ "Gevonden in Delpher – Het vaderland". www.delpher.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  10. ↑ "Gevonden in Delpher – Soerabaijasch handelsblad". www.delpher.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  11. ↑ "Gevonden in Delpher – Het nieuws van den dag voor Nederlandsch-Indië". www.delpher.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  12. ↑ "Gevonden in Delpher – Bataviaasch nieuwsblad". www.delpher.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  13. ↑ "Gevonden in Delpher – De Indische courant". www.delpher.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  14. ↑ "Gevonden in Delpher – De Indische courant". www.delpher.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
  15. ↑ Senjaya, Immanuel Citra (8 May 2023). Noor, Chandra Hamdani (ed.). "Bupati Pemalang dihukum 6,5 tahun penjara akibat korupsi". Kantor Berita Antara (in Indonesian).
  16. ↑ Ni'am, Syakirun; Rastika, Icha (1 June 2023). "KPK Jebloskan Eks Bupati Pemalang Mukti Agung Wibowo ke Lapas Semarang". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian).
  17. ↑ Rusiana, Dita Angga, ed. (12 August 2022). "Pimpin Sementara Kabupaten Pemalang, Wabup Tak Tahu Kegiatan Mukti Agung Wibowo Sebelum Ditangkap KPK". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian).
  18. ↑ "Dilantik Jadi Bupati Pemalang, Mansur Hidayat Diminta Segera Selesaikan Persoalan Daerah". Humas Jateng. 9 October 2023.
  19. ↑ Priyanto, Mamdukh Adi, ed. (25 September 2024). "Profil Pjs Bupati Pemalang Agung Hariyadi Gantikan Mansur Hidayat". TribunBanyumas.com (in Indonesian).
  20. ↑ "Sumberharjo ssugar mill". www.david-longman.com. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  21. ↑ bagus70 (27 September 2014). "2014 JAVA STEAM AND SUGAR TOUR. DAY 6 (25th August 2014)". Mas Bagus Adventure. Retrieved 3 June 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  22. ↑ bagus70 (1 October 2014). "2014 JAVA STEAM AND SUGAR TOUR. DAY 7 (26th August 2014)". Mas Bagus Adventure. Retrieved 3 June 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  23. ↑ "Those were the days... Sumberharjo Sugar Mill". www.internationalsteam.co.uk. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
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