Penstemon spectabilis

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Penstemon spectabilis
Penstemonspectabilis.jpg
Status TNC G4.svg
Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae
Genus: Penstemon
Species:
P. spectabilis
Binomial name
Penstemon spectabilis

Penstemon spectabilis is a species of penstemon known by the common name showy penstemon or showy beardtongue. It is a perennial herb native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the chaparral, scrub, and woodlands of the coastal mountain ranges.

Contents

Description

Penstemon spectabilis is a perennial herb that grows in an upright or mounding fashion, attaining a maximum height of 2-4 feet and a maximum width of 3-4 feet during its 5-10 year lifespan. [1]

The thin leaves are lance-shaped to oval, toothed on the edges, [2] and up to 10 centimeters in length. The oppositely arranged pairs may fuse about the stem at the bases.[ citation needed ]

The inflorescence bears wide-mouthed, tubular violet or purple-blue flowers [1] which may be over 3 centimeters long.[ citation needed ]. The flowers have reddish-purpose nectar guides. The throat is lighter in color, lavender to nearly white. [2]

Its fruit is a capsule, and the plant is known to self-seed. [2]

Taxonomy

Varieties

The nominate variety. The inflorescence is glabrous (lacking hair). This variety is distributed across the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains, and the Peninsular Ranges from California to Mexico, [3] reaching its southern distribution at northwest the foothills of the Sierra de San Pedro Martir in Baja California. [4]

A variety endemic to Baja California, commonly known as the Peninsular showy beardtongue, found from the vicinity of San Telmo and San Quintin south to the Bahia de Los Angeles. [4]

This variety has a glandular inflorescence. Native to the Transverse Ranges of California. [5]

Penstemon spectabilis Penstemon spectabilis.jpg
Penstemon spectabilis

Distribution and habitat

P. spectabilis is native to the mountains of southern California and Baja California. It grows below 6000 feet in elevation on rocky slopes in dry washes and disturbed areas as part of chaparral or coastal sage scrub communities. It does best in full sun on well-drained, often rocky soils. [1] [2] In Baja California it found from Tecate in the north to the hills southeast of El Rosario. [6]

Ecology

P. spectabilis blooms from April to June [3] or July [2] and is pollinated by wasps such as Pseudomasaris vespoides , as well as by hummingbirds. [7] Occasional rain in the summer causes the plant to flower more abundantly, but may also shorten the plant's lifespan. [1]

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<i>Penstemon barnebyi</i> Plant species in the plantain family

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<i>Penstemon caesius</i> Plant species in the plantain family

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<i>Penstemon calcareus</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon calcareus is a species of penstemon known by the common name limestone penstemon. It is native to California, where it is known from the deserts of central San Bernardino County, as well as the Death Valley area, where its distribution extends just over the border into Nevada. It grows in scrub and woodland, often on limestone substrates.

<i>Penstemon centranthifolius</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon centranthifolius is a species of penstemon known by the common name scarlet bugler. It is native to California and parts of Mexico, where it grows in many types of dry habitat from coast to desert, such as chaparral and oak woodland.

<i>Penstemon cinicola</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon cinicola is a species of penstemon known by the common name ash penstemon. It is native to northeastern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in forests and plateau habitat.

<i>Penstemon clevelandii</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon clevelandii is a species of penstemon known by the common name Cleveland penstemon. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat such as scrub, woodland, and chaparral.

<i>Penstemon deustus</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon deustus is a species of penstemon known by the common names hotrock penstemon and scabland penstemon. It is native to much of the northwestern United States from the Pacific Northwest to Wyoming, where it grows in many types of forest and open plateau habitat, often on soils heavy in volcanic rock or on limestone outcrops.

<i>Penstemon eatonii</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon eatonii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Penstemon, known by the common name firecracker penstemon. It is native to the Western United States from Southern California to the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of desert, woodland, forest, and open plateau habitat.

<i>Penstemon filiformis</i> Plant species in the plantain family

Penstemon filiformis is an uncommon species of Penstemon known by the common name threadleaf penstemon. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California, where it grows in forest and woodland, often on serpentine soils.

<i>Penstemon floridus</i> Plant species in the veronica family

Penstemon floridus is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Panamint penstemon and rose penstemon.

<i>Penstemon fruticiformis</i> Plant species in the veronica family

Penstemon fruticiformis is a species of penstemon known by the common name Death Valley penstemon. It is native to the western United States, where it is found growing in rocky scrub, woodlands, deserts and mountains of eastern California and western Nevada. It is known from scattered occurrences around Death Valley, and only one of the two varieties occurs on the Nevada side of the border.

<i>Penstemon labrosus</i> Species of flowering plant

Penstemon labrosus is a species of penstemon known by the common name San Gabriel beardtongue. It is native to the Transverse Ranges of southern California, including the San Gabriel Mountains, and the Peninsular Ranges to the south, its distribution extending into Mexico. It grows in forest and woodland habitat. It is a perennial herb growing erect to about 70 centimeters tall. The long, paired leaves are linear in shape with rolled, untoothed edges, and reach over 8 centimeters in maximum length. The inflorescence produces bright red to orange or yellowish flowers 3 to 4 centimeters long. The upper lip is hood-shaped and the lower is divided into 3 narrow lobes which are sometimes reflexed. The flower is hairless, including the staminode.

<i>Penstemon thurberi</i> Species of flowering plant

Penstemon thurberi is a species of penstemon known by the common names Thurber's beardtongue and Thurber's penstemon. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in many types of desert and mountain habitat, including sandy flats, chaparral, scrub, and woodlands. It is a shrub growing erect and somewhat rounded in form, reaching around 80 centimeters in maximum height. Many slender stems emerge from its woody base. The leaves are narrow, linear in shape, with edges rolled upward nearly into a tube. The long inflorescence bears funnel-shaped lavender, pink, or pale blue-purple flowers up to 1.5 centimeters in length.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Showy Penstemon, Penstemon spectabilis". calscape.org.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2021-12-30.
  3. 1 2 Wetherwax, Margriet; Holmgren, Noel H. (2012). "Penstemon spectabilis var. spectabilis". Jepson eFlora. Jepson Flora Project. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  4. 1 2 Rebman, J. P.; Gibson, J.; Rich, K. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Baja California, Mexico" (PDF). San Diego Society of Natural History. 45: 222.
  5. Wetherwax, Margriet; Holmgren, Noel H. (2012). "Penstemon spectabilis var. subviscosus". Jepson eFlora. Jepson Flora Project. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
  6. Wiggins, Ira L. (1980). Flora of Baja California. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. p. 505. ISBN   978-0-8047-1016-9. OCLC   6284257.
  7. Chari, Jeannie; Wilson, Paul (2001). "Factors limiting hybridization between Penstemon spectabilis and Penstemon centranthifolius". Canadian Journal of Botany. 79 (12): 1439–1448. doi:10.1139/b01-125.