Phlox glaberrima

Last updated

Phlox glaberrima
Phlox glaberrima ssp. interior.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Polemoniaceae
Genus: Phlox
Species:
P. glaberrima
Binomial name
Phlox glaberrima
L.

Phlox glaberrima, commonly called smooth phlox [1] and sometimes marsh phlox, [2] [lower-alpha 1] is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family. It is native to the Midwestern and Southeastern United States [3] where it is found in moist to wet areas. It can be found in both prairies and forests, where it is an indicator of high quality habitat. [4]

The relationships between Phlox glaberrima, Phlox carolina , and Phlox maculata are particularly unclear. There may be hybridization, or an undescribed third species that resembles an intermediate. As of 2014, the phylogenetic relationships of this group of Phlox were under review, [5] with variations in the "Phlox carolina–glaberrima complex...among the most difficult phlox plants to positively identify". [5]

Botanist Edgar T. Wherry (1955) recognized three subspecies, subsp. glaberrima in its eastern range, subsp. interior of the Plains (the Wabash smooth phlox) and subsp. triflora (syn.P. triflora, the three-flower smooth phlox) in the South, [5] [6] but Locklear (2012) only two, incorporating subsp. triflora with subsp. glaberrima. [7]

The glaberrima and interior variations, along with other taxa in the P. carolina–glaberrima complex and P. maculata, are frequently cultivated as ornamental landscape plants, but triflora rarely is. [5] Notable cultivars include P. glaberrima 'Morris Berd', [8] P. glaberrima ssp. triflora 'Forever Pink' [9] and P. glaberrima ssp. triflora 'Triple Play'. [10]

Notes

  1. "Marsh phlox" also refers to P. maculata and P. kelseyi .

Related Research Articles

<i>Phlox</i> Genus of flowering plants

Phlox is a genus of 68 species of perennial and annual plants in the family Polemoniaceae. They are found mostly in North America in diverse habitats from alpine tundra to open woodland and prairie. Some flower in spring, others in summer and fall. Flowers may be pale blue, violet, pink, bright red, or white. Many are fragrant.

<i>Camassia quamash</i> Species of flowering plant

Camassia quamash, commonly known as camas, small camas, common camas, common camash or quamash, is a perennial herb. It is native to western North America in large areas of southern Canada and the northwestern United States.

<i>Juncus effusus</i> Species of flowering plant in the rush family Juncaceae

Juncus effusus is a perennial herbaceous flowering plant species in the rush family Juncaceae, with the common names common rush or soft rush. In North America, the common name soft rush also refers to Juncus interior.

<i>Armeria maritima</i> Flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae

Armeria maritima, the thrift, sea thrift or sea pink, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae. It is a compact evergreen perennial which grows in low clumps and sends up long stems that support globes of bright pink flowers. In some cases purple, white or red flowers also occur. It is a popular garden flower and has been distributed worldwide as a garden and cut flower. It does well in gardens designed as xeriscapes or rock gardens. The Latin specific epithet maritima means pertaining to the sea or coastal.

<i>Liatris pycnostachya</i> Species of flowering plant

Liatris pycnostachya, the prairie blazing star, cattail gayfeather or cattail blazing star, is a perennial plant in the Asteraceae family that is native to the tallgrass prairies of the central United States.

<i>Phlox subulata</i> Species of flowering plant

Phlox subulata the creeping phlox, moss phlox, moss pink or mountain phlox, is a species of flowering plant in the family Polemoniaceae, native to eastern and central USA, and widely cultivated.

<i>Phlox divaricata</i> Species of flowering plant

Phlox divaricata, the wild blue phlox, woodland phlox, or wild sweet william, is a species of flowering plant in the family Polemoniaceae, native to forests and fields in eastern North America.

<i>Phlox paniculata</i> Species of flowering plant

Phlox paniculata is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family (Polemoniaceae). It is native to parts of the eastern and central United States. It is extensively cultivated in temperate regions as an ornamental plant and has become established in the wild in scattered locales in other regions. Common names include fall phlox, garden phlox, perennial phlox, summer phlox, and panicled phlox.

<i>Dudleya saxosa</i> Species of succulent

Dudleya saxosa is a perennial succulent plant species in the family Crassulaceae, within the genus Dudleya, which are commonly known as liveforevers. This species is a complex of 3 subspecies of plants, isolated and disjunct in distribution from one another, each with varying levels of ploidy and morphology. One plant is native throughout the deserts and mountains of Southern California, another is found in the Panamint Mountains, and one is found throughout central Arizona.

<i>Gilia capitata</i> Species of flowering plant

Gilia capitata is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common names blue-thimble-flower, bluehead gilia, blue field gilia, and globe gilia.

<i>Brodiaea coronaria</i> Species of tree

Brodiaea coronaria is the type species of Brodiaea and also known by the common names harvest brodiaea and crown brodiaea. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to northern California, where it grows in mountains and grasslands.

<i>Sidalcea oregana</i> Species of flowering plant

Sidalcea oregana is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family known by the common name Oregon checkerbloom.

<i>Phlox carolina</i> Species of flowering plant

Phlox carolina, the thickleaf phlox, is a species of flowering plant in the family Polemoniaceae. It is an herbaceous perennial growing to 1.2 m (4 ft) tall by 45 cm (18 in) wide, with leaves to 13 cm (5 in) long, and purple or pink flowers in summer. The specific epithet carolina refers to its native habitat in the eastern United States. It grows in woodland edges and openings. Flowers attract bees, hummingbirds, and butterflies.

<i>Urtica gracilis</i> Species of flowering plant

Urtica gracilis, commonly known as the slender nettle, tall nettle, or American stinging nettle, is a perennial plant plant without woody stems that is well known for the unpleasant stinging hairs on its leaves and stems. It is native to much of the North America from Guatemala northwards and temperate areas of South America. It is easily confused with the visually very similar Eurasian species Urtica dioica and is still listed in some resources as a subspecies of this plant. However, genetic analysis and experiments show that they are genetically distinct.

<i>Phlox bifida</i> Species of flowering plant

Phlox bifida, commonly known as cleft phlox or sand phlox, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the Polemoniaceae (phlox) family that is native to the central United States.

<i>Sagittaria graminea</i> Species of aquatic plant

Sagittaria graminea, the grassy arrowhead or grass-leaved arrowhead, is an aquatic plant species native to eastern North America.

<i>Phlox maculata</i> Species of flowering plant

Phlox maculata, commonly called meadow phlox, as well as wild sweet William and marsh phlox, is a species of flowering plant in the family Polemoniaceae, native the eastern United States and introduced to eastern Canada. It is a perennial.

<i>Ruellia strepens</i> Species of plant in the family Acanthaceae

Ruellia strepens, commonly known as limestone wild petunia, limestone ruellia, smooth wild petunia, or wild petunia is a species of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae, native to warmer parts of the central and eastern United States. A perennial herb, it prefers to grow in moist to mesic, partly shady areas such as streamsides and bottomland forests. In the garden it is hardy to USDA zone 5, and can tolerate nearly full shade.

Phlox variabilis, the variegated phlox, is a species of flowering plant in the family Polemoniaceae, native to the U.S. states of Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah and Texas. A mat-forming perennial reaching 10 cm (4 in), it is found in a variety of habitats that have limited competition from other plants.

Marsh phlox may refer to several species in the genus Phlox:

References

  1. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Phlox glaberrima". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
  2. "Phlox glaberrima" at North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
  3. "Phlox glaberrima". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2022.
  4. IllinoisWildflowers "Smooth Phlox" at Illinois Wildflowers. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Peter Jeffrey Zale. Germplasm collection, characterization, and enhancement of eastern phlox species. Ohio State University, Doctoral dissertation. 2014.
  6. James H. Locklear. Phlox: A Natural History and Gardener's Guide. Timber Press, 2011. p. 137. ISBN   9780881929348
  7. "Phlox glaberrima." Alpine Garden Society Plant Encyclopaedia, 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
  8. "Phlox glaberrima 'Morris Berd'" at Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
  9. "Phlox glaberrima var. triflora 'Forever Pink'" at Missouri Botanical Garden Plant Finder. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
  10. Ruth Rogers Clausen and Thomas Christopher. Essential Perennials: The Complete Reference to 2700 Perennials for the Home Garden. Timber Press, 2015. p. 307. ISBN   9781604696721