Platygloea

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Platygloea
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Pucciniomycetes
Order: Platygloeales
Family: Platygloeaceae
Genus: Platygloea
J. Schröt. (1887)
Type species
Platygloea nigricans
(Fr.) J. Schröt (1887)
Synonyms

Tachaphantium Bref. (1888)

Platygloea is a genus of fungi belonging to the class Pucciniomycetes. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) of the type species are disc-shaped, gelatinous, and occur on dead wood, probably as a saprotroph. [1] [2] Microscopically, all species of Platygloea sensu lato have auricularioid (laterally septate) basidia. Currently the genus (together with its possible synonym Achroomyces Bonord.) contains a heterogeneous mix of auricularioid fungi not yet accommodated in other genera.

Contents

Taxonomy

History

Platygloea was proposed in 1887 by German mycologist Joseph Schröter for fungi with auricularioid (tubular and laterally septate) basidia and effused, waxy or gelatinous fruit bodies. [3] Three species were included: Platygloea nigricans (now Platygloea disciformis ); [4] P. fimicola (now Cystobasidium fimetarium ); [5] and P. effusa (now Colacogloea effusa ). [6] Subsequent authors referred additional species to Platygloea. In a 1956 paper, American mycologist Robert Bandoni recognized 23 names in the genus. He considered Platygloea to be "a heterogeneous assortment of species" that "may be divided into several more consistent genera when better known". [4]

Austrian mycologist F.X.R. von Höhnel claimed that Achroomyces was an older name for the genus, [7] a synonymy considered dubious by some [4] but adopted by the influential Dutch mycologist M.A. Donk in 1958. [8] As a result, additional species have also been described in Achroomyces.

Current status

As predicted by Robert Bandoni, Platygloea has been divided into several new genera, including Colacogloea , [9] Naohidea , [10] and Occultifur , [10] all of which were originally differentiated by their micromorphology or ultrastructure. Their status as monophyletic (natural) genera has been confirmed by molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences. This research has also confirmed that Platygloea sensu stricto is monophyletic, based on the type species, Platygloea disciformis. [1] The genus may be monotypic (restricted to the type species), since according to German mycologist Franz Oberwinkler P. disciformis is "taxonomically isolated" and "closely related species are not known". [10]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Auriculariales</span> Order of fungi

The Auriculariales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes. Species within the order were formerly referred to the "heterobasidiomycetes" or "jelly fungi", since many have gelatinous basidiocarps that produce spores on septate basidia. Around 200 species are known worldwide, placed in six or more families, though the status of these families is currently uncertain. All species in the Auriculariales are believed to be saprotrophic, most growing on dead wood. Fruit bodies of several Auricularia species are cultivated for food on a commercial scale, especially in China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Auriculariaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Auriculariaceae are a family of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Species within the family were formerly referred to the "heterobasidiomycetes" or "jelly fungi", since many have gelatinous basidiocarps that produce spores on septate basidia. Around 100 species are known worldwide. All are believed to be saprotrophic, most growing on dead wood. Fruit bodies of several Auricularia species are cultivated for food on a commercial scale, especially in China.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hyaloriaceae</span> Family of fungi

The Hyaloriaceae are a family of fungi in the order Auriculariales. Species within the family have gelatinous basidiocarps that produce spores on septate basidia and, as such, were formerly referred to the "heterobasidiomycetes" or "jelly fungi". All appear to be saprotrophic, growing on dead wood or plant remains. Less than 30 species are currently included within the Hyaloriaceae, but the family has not been extensively researched.

<i>Tremella</i> Genus of fungi

Tremella is a genus of fungi in the family Tremellaceae. All Tremella species are parasites of other fungi and most produce anamorphic yeast states. Basidiocarps, when produced, are gelatinous and are colloquially classed among the "jelly fungi". Over 100 species of Tremella are currently recognized worldwide. One species, Tremella fuciformis, is commercially cultivated for food.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atractiellomycetes</span> Order of fungi

The Atractiellomycetes are class of fungi in the Pucciniomycotina subdivision of the Basidiomycota. The class consists of a single order, the Atractiellales, which contains 3 families, 10 genera, and 58 species.

The Cryptomycocolacomycetes are a class of fungi in the Pucciniomycotina subdivision of the Basidiomycota. The class contains a single order, the Cryptomycocolacales, which in turn contains the single family Cryptomycocolacaceae. The family has two monotypic genera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Microbotryomycetes</span> Class of fungi

The Microbotryomycetes are a class of fungi in the subdivision Pucciniomycotina of the Basidiomycota. The class currently contains eight orders, plus three additional, unassigned families, plus seven additional, unassigned genera. Many species are known only from their yeast states. Species with hyphal states typically produce auricularioid basidia and are often parasitic on other fungi or plants. Several species in the genera Rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces are opportunistic human pathogens.

<i>Sebacina</i> Genus of fungi

Sebacina is a genus of fungi in the family Sebacinaceae. Its species are mycorrhizal, forming a range of associations with trees and other plants. Basidiocarps are produced on soil and litter, sometimes partly encrusting stems of living plants. The fruit bodies are cartilaginous to rubbery-gelatinous and variously effused (corticioid) to coral-shaped (clavarioid). The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Heterogastridiales</span> Order of fungi

The Heterogastridiales are an order of fungi in the class Microbotryomycetes. The order contains a single family, the Heterogastridiaceae, which currently contains five genera. Some species in the order are currently known only from their yeast states. Those producing hyphal states have auricularioid basidia and are parasitic on other fungi. Basidiocarps, when present, are minute and variously stilboid (pin-shaped), pustular, or pycnidioid (flask-shaped). Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that the order is a monophyletic (natural) group, though the type and only species of Krieglsteinera has not yet been sequenced and may belong elsewhere.

Colacogloea is a genus of fungi belonging to the class Microbotryomycetes. Most species in the genus are known only from their yeast states. Where known, basidiocarps have auricularioid basidia and occur as parasites on or in the fruit bodies of other fungi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Platygloeales</span> Order of fungi

The Platygloeales are an order of fungi in the class Pucciniomycetes. Species in the order have auricularioid basidia and are typically plant parasites on mosses, ferns, and angiosperms, though Platygloea species appear to be saprotrophic.

The Spiculogloeomycetes are a class of fungi in the subdivision Pucciniomycotina of the Basidiomycota. The class consists of a single order, the Spiculogloeales, together with an additional, unassigned genus, Meniscomyces. Many species are currently known only from their yeast states. Species in the genus Spiculogloea form hyphal states that produce auricularioid basidia and are parasitic on other fungi.


The Platygloeaceae are a family of fungi in the class Pucciniomycetes. Species in the family have auricularioid basidia and are typically plant parasites on angiosperms, though Platygloea species appear to be saprotrophic.

Naohidea sebacea is a species of fungus in the order Naohideales. The order is currently monotypic, having only one family, one genus, and one species. Basidiocarps of Naohidea sebacea form small, gelatinous pustules on wood-inhabiting species of Botryosphaeriaceae. Microscopically, they produce long, slender, auricularioid basidia and amygdaliform (almond-shaped) basidiospores.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eocronartiaceae</span> Family of fungi


The Eocronartiaceae are a family of fungi in the class Pucciniomycetes. Species in the family have auricularioid basidia and are typically plant parasites on ferns and mosses.

Platycarpa is a genus of fungus in the order Platygloeales, containing the single species Platycarpa polypodii. The species forms effused basidiocarps on ferns, on which it is parasitic.

Cystobasidium fimetarium is a species of fungus in the order Cystobasidiales. It is a fungal parasite forming small gelatinous basidiocarps on various ascomycetous fungi on dung. Microscopically, it has auricularioid basidia producing basidiospores that germinate by budding off yeast cells. The species is known from Europe and North America.

Occultifur is a genus of fungi in the family Cystobasidiaceae. Species are parasites of other fungi and, microscopically, have auricularioid basidia and basidiospores that germinate by yeast cells. Several species are currently only known from their yeast states. The genus is distributed worldwide.

Kriegeria is a genus of fungi in the subdivision Pucciniomycotina. The genus is currently monotypic, containing the single species Kriegeria eriophori. The species is a plant pathogen, parasitic on sedges, and produces auricularioid basidia and basidiospores that germinate to form a yeast state.

The Colacogloeaceae are a family of fungi in the class Microbotryomycetes. Members of the family produce yeast states; hyphal states, where known, give rise to auricularioid basidia and are parasitic on other fungi.

References

  1. 1 2 Bauer R, Begerow D, Sampaio JP, Weiss M, Oberwinkler F (2006). "The simple-septate basidiomycetes: a synopsis". Mycological Progress. 5 (1): 41–66. doi:10.1007/s11557-006-0502-0.
  2. ↑ Aime MC, Matheny PB, Henk DA, Frieders EM, Nillson RH, Piepenbring M, McLaughlin DJ, Szabo LJ, Begerov D, Sampaio JP, Bauer R, Weiss M, Oberwinkler F, Hibbet DS (2006). "An overview of the higher level classification of Pucciniomycotina based on combined analyses of nuclear large and small subunit rDNA sequences" (PDF). Mycologia. 98 (6): 896–905. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.896. hdl: 10362/3249 . PMID   17486966.
  3. ↑ Schröter J (1887). Kryptogamen-Flora von Schlesien III. Pilze. JU Kern. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.45927.
  4. 1 2 3 Bandoni RJ (1956). "A preliminary survey of the genus Platygloea". Mycologia. 48: 821–840.
  5. ↑ Roberts PJ (1999). "New British Records 164. Cystobasidium fimetarium (Schum.) P. Roberts comb. nov". Mycologist. 13: 171.
  6. ↑ Malysheva V, Schoutteten N, Verbeken A, Spirin V (2021). "Identity and typification of Achroomyces effusus (Pucciniomycotina, Basidiomycota)". Mycol Progress. 20: 413–417. doi:10.1007/s11557-021-01671-2. hdl: 1854/LU-8708187 .
  7. ↑ von Höhnel, FX (1904). "Mycologische Fragmente LXX: Was ist Achroomyces?". Annls mycol. 2: 271–273.
  8. ↑ Donk MA (1958). "The generic names proposed for Hymenomycetes VIII: Auriculariaceae, Septobasidiaceae, Tremellaceae, Dacrymycetaceae". Taxon. 7 (6): 164=178. doi:10.2307/1217504.
  9. ↑ Oberwinkler F, Bauer R, Bandoni RJ (1991). "Colacogloea: a new genus in the auricularioid Heterobasidiomycetes". Canadian Journal of Botany. 68: 2531–2536. doi:10.1139/b90-318.
  10. 1 2 3 Oberwinkler F (1990). "New genera of auricularioid heterobasidiomycetes". Rep. Tottori Mycol. Inst. 28: 113–127.
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