Pranburia

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Pranburia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Corinnidae
Genus: Pranburia
Deeleman-Reinhold, 1993 [1] [2]
Species:
P. mahannopi
Binomial name
Pranburia mahannopi

Pranburia is a monotypic genus of Southeast Asian ant mimicking corinnid sac spiders containing the single species, Pranburia mahannopi. Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold described the first male in 1993, [2] and the first female in 2001. [3] It has only been found in Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, and Malaysia. [1] The species is named after Narong Mahannop, one of the collectors of the holotype, and the genus is named after the Pranburi Province, where the male holotype was collected. [2]

Contents

Description

Males have a body length of about 6 millimetres (0.24 in). The carapace is about 3 millimetres (0.12 in) long, is colored dark brown, and has several rows of white feathery setae. The head and back part of the opisthosoma also have several longer bristles. Their eyes span half the width of their head, both rows slightly procurved. The femurs are dark brown, while the other segments and middle legs are a solid shade of lighter brown. They have many of the same characters as members of Castianeira , but can be distinguished by a posterior eye row that is procurved, a labium that is almost two times longer than it is wide, fourth legs that are the same length as the front legs, and trochanters that do not have any notches. [2]

Ant mimicry

These spiders have a unique pair of brushes on the first legs to help them appear like ants if they need to. When alarmed, P. mahannopi joins the femora of its first pair of legs together in front of its head, mimicking a third body segment. At the same time, they wave the tibiae and metatarsi in the air, mimicking ant antennae. [2] Its main mimic model seems to be Diacamma , a queenless ant genus belonging to the subfamily Ponerinae.

Spider-characteristics.png
A spider's body is divided into two segments: the cephalothorax (2) and the abdomen (3).
Scheme ant worker anatomy-en.svg
An ant's body has three distinct segments: head, mesosoma (alitrunk) and metasoma (gaster).
CharlesLam - Diacamma rugosum.jpg
Diacamma , P. mahannopi's likely model
Differences in body plan between spiders and ants.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corinnidae</span> Family of spiders

Corinnidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, sometimes called corinnid sac spiders. The family, like other "clubionoid" families, has a confusing taxonomic history. Once it was a part of the large catch-all taxon Clubionidae, now very much smaller. The original members of the family are apparently similar only in that they have eight eyes arranged in two rows, conical anterior spinnerets that touch and are generally wandering predators that build silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trachelidae</span> Family of spiders

Trachelidae is a family of araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1897 as a subfamily called "Tracheleae". The Trachelidae family, also known as "ground sac spiders", is within the group of spiders known as the RTA clade, which includes mostly wandering spiders that do not use webs. Spiders in the Trachelidae family are characterized as being 3-10mm long and having a red cephalothorax and a yellow/tan abdomen. They are commonly found indoors. It was placed in the family Clubionidae, then later in Corinnidae when the Clubionidae were split up. The first study that suggested Trachelidae should be considered its own family was done by Deeleman-reinhold in 2001 as part of an analysis of RTA Clade spiders. An analysis by Martín J. Ramírez in 2014 suggested that it was not closely related to other members of the Corinnidae, and was better treated as a separate family. It was then placed in the CTC clade of spiders, or the Claw Tuft Clasper clade, which is a group of spiders that have two tarsal claws with tufts of hair.

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Calamoneta is a genus of southeastern Asian spiders within the family Cheiracanthiidae. It was originally placed in the Miturgidae, but it was moved by Ramírez in 2014. It was named and first described by Christa Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001. The name is derived from the Greek "kalamos", meaning "something woven". There are two species in this genus, C. djojosudharmoi – the type species – and C. urata.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold</span> Dutch arachnologist (born 1930)

Christa Laetitia Deeleman-Reinhold is a Dutch arachnologist. She specializes in spiders from Southeast Asia and Southern Europe, particularly cave-dwelling and tropical spiders. She donated a collection of about 25,000 Southeast Asian spiders, the largest collection of Southeast Asian spiders in existence, to the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden. In addition to numerous articles, she has written the book Forest Spiders of South East Asia (2001).

Plynnon is a genus of Southeast Asian araneomorph spiders in the family Phrurolithidae, first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001. As of April 2019 it contains only three species, all from Indonesia and Borneo.

Serendib is a genus of Southeast Asian corinnid sac spiders first described by Christa L. Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001. As of April 2019 it contains only three species.

Tamin is a genus of Indonesian long-legged sac spiders first described by Christa Deeleman-Reinhold in 2001. As of April 2019 it contains only two species.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Gen. Pranburia Deeleman-Reinhold, 1993". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2 . Retrieved 2019-05-22.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (1993). "A new spider genus from Thailand with a unique ant-mimicking device, with description of some other castianeirine spiders (Araneae: Corinnidae: Castianeirinae)" (PDF). Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society. 40: 167–184.
  3. Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (2001). Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae [sic]). p. 301.