| Pritha | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Pritha garfieldi with prey | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Filistatidae |
| Genus: | Pritha Lehtinen, 1967 [1] |
| Type species | |
| P. nana (Simon, 1868) | |
| Species | |
19, see text | |
Pritha is a genus of crevice weavers that was first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967. [2]
As of March 2022 [update] it contains nineteen species found in Asia and Europe: [1]
They are small to medium sized spiders. Females have a fishbone-like pattern on the abdomen, while males have a whitish spot on the dorsal side of the abdomen. Their posterior median eyes are larger than the anterior medians. The cribellum is bipartite, and the calamistrum has three rows of setae of various lengths, however, the middle row is always the shortest. [3]
They are mostly synanthropic: they are found commonly inside buildings, in door or window frames. They make three-dimensional webs that have retreats into cracks and crevices. However, they are also found under pine or oak bark, close to human settlements. They feed on small arthropods. [3]
Crevice weaver spiders (Filistatidae) comprise cribellate spiders with features that have been regarded as "primitive" for araneomorph spiders. They are weavers of funnel or tube webs. The family contains 18 genera and more than 120 described species worldwide.
Dictynidae is a family of cribellate, hackled band-producing spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1871. Most build irregular webs on or near the ground, creating a tangle of silken fibers among several branches or stems of one plant.
Zodarion is a genus of ant-eating spiders from the family Zodariidae. 169 species from Eurasia, North Africa and North America have been described as of November 2022.
Tetrablemmidae, sometimes called armored spiders, is a family of tropical araneomorph spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1873. It contains 126 described species in 29 genera from southeast Asia, with a few that occur in Africa and Central and South America. Pacullidae was incorporated into this family in 1981, but was later restored as a separate family in a 2016 phylogenetic study.
Cheiracanthium, commonly called yellow sac spiders, is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Cheiracanthiidae, and was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1839. They are usually pale in colour, and have an abdomen that can range from yellow to beige. Both sexes range in size from 5 to 10 millimetres. They are unique among common house spiders because their tarsi do not point either outward, like members of Tegenaria, or inward, like members of Araneus), making them easier to identify.
Drassodes is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Niklas Westring in 1851. They are brown, gray, and red spiders that live under rocks or bark in mostly dry habitats, and are generally 3.8 to 11.6 millimetres long, but can reach up to 20 millimetres (0.79 in) in length.
Castianeira is a genus of ant-like corinnid sac spiders first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1879. They are found in Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas, but are absent from Australia. Twenty-six species are native to North America, and at least twice as many are native to Mexico and Central America.
Tetrablemma is a widespread genus of armored spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1873. It only has four eyes; an unusual trait for spiders, found only here and in some species of Caponiidae, though the two are not closely related. The eyes are large, but unequal in size, closely grouped around the center of the prosoma that rises in a somewhat of a cone shape from the abdomen. They have four closely positioned spinnerets enclosed in a corneous casing.
Benoitia is a genus of funnel weavers first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967.
Brigittea is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Dictynidae, first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967.
Nomisia is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by R. de Dalmas in 1921.
Poecilochroa is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Niklas Westring in 1874.
Rhomphaea is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Ludwig Carl Christian Koch in 1872.
Plexippus clemens is a species of jumping spiders that lives in Egypt, India, Iran, Israel, Libya, Turkey and Yemen. Originally placed in the genus Salticus by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1872, the species was transferred into the genus Euophrys by Eugène Simon in 1876, into Menemerus by Jerzy Prószyński in 1984, and eventually into Plexippus by Prószyński in 2003.
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