Pseudomyrmex

Pseudomyrmex
P. gracilis (elongate twig ant) with caterpillar prey
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Pseudomyrmecinae
Tribe:	Pseudomyrmecini
Genus:	Pseudomyrmex Lund, 1831
Type species
Formica gracilis [1] Fabricius, 1804
Diversity [2]
146 species
Synonyms [3]
ApedunculataEnzmann, 1944 ClavanodaEnzmann, 1944 LatinodaEnzmann, 1944 LeptaleaErichson, 1839 MyrmexGuérin-Méneville, 1844 OrnatinodaEnzmann, 1944 PseudomyrmaGuérin-Méneville, 1844 TriangulinodaEnzmann, 1944

Pseudomyrmex is a genus of stinging, wasp-like ants in the subfamily Pseudomyrmecinae. They are large-eyed, slender ants, found mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the New World.

Distribution and habitat

Pseudomyrmex is predominantly Neotropical in distribution, but a few species are known from the Nearctic region. ^[4] Most species are generalist twig nesters, for instance, Pseudomyrmex pallidus may nest in the hollow stems of dead grasses, twigs of herbaceous plants, and in dead, woody twigs. ^[4] However, the genus is best known for several species that are obligate mutualists with certain species of Acacia . ^[5] Other species have evolved obligate mutualism with other trees; for example Pseudomyrmex triplarinus is obligately dependent on any of a few trees in the genus Triplaris . ^{[6] [7]}

P. acanthobius

P. apache

P. browni

P. caeciliae

P. cubaensis

P. denticollis

P. ejectus

P. ferrugineus

P. flavicornis

P. osurus

P. simplex

P. termitarius

Species

See also: List of Pseudomyrmex species

• Pseudomyrmex acanthobius (Emery, 1896)
• Pseudomyrmex adustus (Borgmeier, 1929)
• Pseudomyrmex alternans (Santschi, 1936)
• Pseudomyrmex alustratus Ward, 1989
• Pseudomyrmex alvarengai Kempf, 1961
• Pseudomyrmex antiguanus (Enzmann, 1944)
• Pseudomyrmex antiquus Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex apache Creighton, 1953
• Pseudomyrmex atripes (Smith, 1860)
• Pseudomyrmex avitus Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex baros Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex beccarii (Menozzi, 1935)
• Pseudomyrmex boopis (Roger, 1863)
• Pseudomyrmex browni Kempf, 1967
• Pseudomyrmex brunneus (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex caeciliae (Forel, 1913)
• Pseudomyrmex championi (Forel, 1899)
• Pseudomyrmex cladoicus (Smith, 1858)
• Pseudomyrmex colei (Enzmann, 1944)
• Pseudomyrmex concolor (Smith, 1860)
• Pseudomyrmex coronatus (Wheeler, 1942)
• Pseudomyrmex coruscus Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex cretus Ward, 1989
• Pseudomyrmex cubaensis (Forel, 1901)
• Pseudomyrmex curacaensis (Forel, 1912)
• Pseudomyrmex dendroicus (Forel, 1904)
• Pseudomyrmex denticollis (Emery, 1890)
• Pseudomyrmex depressus (Forel, 1906)
• Pseudomyrmex distinctus (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex duckei (Forel, 1906)
• Pseudomyrmex eduardi (Forel, 1912)
• Pseudomyrmex ejectus (Smith, 1858)
• Pseudomyrmex elongatulus (Dalla Torre, 1892)
• Pseudomyrmex elongatus (Mayr, 1870)
• Pseudomyrmex endophytus (Forel, 1912)
• Pseudomyrmex ethicus (Forel, 1911)
• Pseudomyrmex euryblemma (Forel, 1899)
• Pseudomyrmex excisus (Mayr, 1870)
• Pseudomyrmex extinctus (Carpenter, 1930)
• Pseudomyrmex faber (Smith, 1858)
• Pseudomyrmex ferrugineus (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex fervidus (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex fiebrigi (Forel, 1908)
• Pseudomyrmex filiformis (Fabricius, 1804)
• Pseudomyrmex flavicornis (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex flavidulus (Smith, 1858)
• Pseudomyrmex gebellii (Forel, 1899)
• Pseudomyrmex gibbinotus (Forel, 1908)
• Pseudomyrmex godmani (Forel, 1899)
• Pseudomyrmex goeldii (Forel, 1912)
• Pseudomyrmex gracilis (Fabricius, 1804)
• Pseudomyrmex haytianus (Forel, 1901)
• Pseudomyrmex hesperius Ward, 1993
• Pseudomyrmex holmgreni (Wheeler, 1925)
• Pseudomyrmex incurrens (Forel, 1912)
• Pseudomyrmex ita (Forel, 1906)
• Pseudomyrmex janzeni Ward, 1993
• Pseudomyrmex kuenckeli (Emery, 1890)
• Pseudomyrmex laevifrons Ward, 1989
• Pseudomyrmex laevigatus (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex laevivertex (Forel, 1906)
• Pseudomyrmex leptosus Ward, 1985
• Pseudomyrmex lynceus (Spinola, 1851)
• Pseudomyrmex macrops Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex maculatus (Smith, 1855)
• Pseudomyrmex major (Forel, 1899)
• Pseudomyrmex malignus (Wheeler, 1921)
• Pseudomyrmex mandibularis (Spinola, 1851)
• Pseudomyrmex mixtecus Ward, 1993
• Pseudomyrmex monochrous (Dalla Torre, 1892)
• Pseudomyrmex nexilis Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex niger (Donisthorpe, 1940)
• Pseudomyrmex nigrescens (Forel, 1904)
• Pseudomyrmex nigrocinctus (Emery, 1890)
• Pseudomyrmex nigropilosus (Emery, 1890)
• Pseudomyrmex oculatus (Smith, 1855)
• Pseudomyrmex oki (Forel, 1906)
• Pseudomyrmex opaciceps Ward, 1993
• Pseudomyrmex opacior (Forel, 1904)
• Pseudomyrmex oryctus Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex osurus (Forel, 1911)
• Pseudomyrmex pallens (Mayr, 1870)
• Pseudomyrmex pallidus (Smith, 1855)
• Pseudomyrmex particeps Ward, 1993
• Pseudomyrmex pazosi (Santschi, 1909)
• Pseudomyrmex peperi (Forel, 1913)
• Pseudomyrmex perboscii (Guerin-Meneville, 1844)
• Pseudomyrmex peruvianus (Wheeler, 1925)
• Pseudomyrmex phyllophilus (Smith, 1858)
• Pseudomyrmex pictus (Stitz, 1913)
• Pseudomyrmex pisinnus Ward, 1989
• Pseudomyrmex prioris Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex pupa (Forel, 1911)
• Pseudomyrmex reconditus Ward, 1993
• Pseudomyrmex rochai (Forel, 1912)
• Pseudomyrmex rufiventris (Forel, 1911)
• Pseudomyrmex rufomedius (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex salvini (Forel, 1899)
• Pseudomyrmex santschii (Enzmann, 1944)
• Pseudomyrmex satanicus (Wheeler, 1942)
• † Pseudomyrmex saxulum LaPolla & Greenwalt, 2015
• Pseudomyrmex schuppi (Forel, 1901)
• Pseudomyrmex seminole Ward, 1985
• Pseudomyrmex sericeus (Mayr, 1870)
• Pseudomyrmex simplex (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex simulans Kempf, 1958
• Pseudomyrmex solisi (Santschi, 1916)
• Pseudomyrmex spiculus Ward, 1989
• Pseudomyrmex spinicola (Emery, 1890)
• Pseudomyrmex squamifer (Emery, 1890)
• Pseudomyrmex subater (Wheeler, 1914)
• Pseudomyrmex subtilissimus (Emery, 1890)
• Pseudomyrmex succinus Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex tachigaliae (Forel, 1904)
• Pseudomyrmex tenuis (Fabricius, 1804)
• Pseudomyrmex tenuissimus (Emery, 1906)
• Pseudomyrmex terminalis (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex termitarius (Smith, 1855)
• Pseudomyrmex thecolor Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex triplaridis (Forel, 1904)
• Pseudomyrmex triplarinus (Weddell, 1850)
• Pseudomyrmex unicolor (Smith, 1855)
• Pseudomyrmex urbanus (Smith, 1877)
• Pseudomyrmex veneficus (Wheeler, 1942)
• Pseudomyrmex venustus (Smith, 1858)
• † Pseudomyrmex vicinus Ward, 1992
• Pseudomyrmex viduus (Smith, 1858)
• Pseudomyrmex villosus Ward, 1989
• Pseudomyrmex voytowskii (Enzmann, 1944)
• Pseudomyrmex weberi (Enzmann, 1944)
• Pseudomyrmex wheeleri (Enzmann, 1944)

References

1. "Genus: Pseudomyrmex". antweb.org. AntWeb . Retrieved 11 October 2013.
2. Bolton, B. (2014). "Pseudomyrmex". AntCat. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
3. Ward, P. S. (1990). "The ant subfamily Pseudomyrmecinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Generic revision and relationship to other formicids". Systematic Entomology . 15 (4): 449–489. Bibcode:1990SysEn..15..449W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1990.tb00077.x. S2CID   86012514.
4. Phillip S. Ward (1985). "The Neartic species of the genus Pseudomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Quaestiones Entomologicae . 21: 209–246.
5. Gómez-Acevedo, Sandra; Rico-Arce, Lourdes; Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso; Magallón, Susana; Eguiarte, Luis E. Neotropical mutualism between Acacia and Pseudomyrmex: Phylogeny and divergence times. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56 (2010) 393–408
6. Larrea-Alcázar, D. M. and J. A. Simonetti. (2007). Why are there few seedlings beneath the myrmecophyte Triplaris americana?. Archived 2013-10-02 at the Wayback Machine Acta Oecologica 32(1) 112–18.
7. Ward, Philip S. (1 August 1999). "Systematics, biogeography and host plant associations of the Pseudomyrmex viduus group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Triplaris- and Tachigali-inhabiting ants". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 126 (4): 451–540. doi: 10.1006/zjls.1998.0158 .

External links

• Media related to Pseudomyrmex at Wikimedia Commons