Psychopsis

Last updated

Butterfly orchid
Psychopsis papilio 46627904.jpg
Psychopsis papilio
In situ in Trinidad
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Cymbidieae
Subtribe: Oncidiinae
Genus: Psychopsis
Raf.
Type species
Psychopsis papilio
Synonyms [1]
  • PapiliopsisE.Morren ex Cogn. & Marchal
  • PapiliopsisE.Morren
Psychopsis 'Kalihi' (Psychopsis krameriana x Psychopsis papilio ) E Xing Wen Xin Lan 20190715204348.jpg
Psychopsis 'Kalihi' (Psychopsis krameriana × Psychopsis papilio )

Psychopsis is a genus of four known species of orchids native to northern South America, Central America and Trinidad. [1] [2] The genus name is abbreviated Pyp. in the horticultural trade. [3]

Contents

Description

Psychopsis are epiphytic orchids with laterally crushed cylindrical pseudobulbs from which two fleshy coriaceous leaves appear apically, in their center two floral wands emerge with large golden yellow flowers with purple spots on bands in sepals and on the lip whose edges are forming folds.

Psychopsis very often grows on the trunks and branches of trees. The flowers look like large butterflies with brightly colored bodies (the lip, a modified petal), very long antennae-like petals, and outspread wing-like dappled yellow and brown sepals.

The butterfly orchid is rumored to have started the European "Orchidmania" of the 19th century.[ citation needed ]

Very little is known about pollination in Psychopsis. Despite that the flowers are commonly likened to butterflies, they are probably pollinated by some type of bee, not butterflies. [4]

Taxonomy

Psychopsis was formerly included in the massively paraphyletic "wastebin genus" Oncidium within the section Glanduligera, named after the genus's distinctive oil-secreting glands. Orchids in this genus are commonly called butterfly orchids, but some species of other orchid genera are also called thus. The species Psychopsiella limminghei was once included in Psychopsis but is now accepted as its own monotypic genus. [5]

Species

Species currently accepted as of October 2020: [1]

ImageNameDistributionElevation (m)
Psychopsis krameriana Orchi 039.jpg Psychopsis krameriana (Rchb.f.) H.G.JonesCosta Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Suriname50 - 1300
Oncidium papilio 01.jpg Psychopsis papilio (Lindl.) H.G.JonesPanama, Trinidad, Colombia, Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil800 - 1200
Psychopsis sanderae (as Oncidium sanderae) - Curtis' 137 (Ser. 4 no. 7) pl. 8374 (1911) (cropped).jpg Psychopsis sanderae (Rolfe) Lückel & BraemPeru, Brazil1220
Psychopsis versteegianum orange orchid.jpg Psychopsis versteegiana (Pulle) Lückel & BraemSuriname, Ecuador200 - 1200

References

  1. 1 2 3 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ↑ Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2009). Epidendroideae (Part two). Genera Orchidacearum 5: 1-585. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
  3. ↑ Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names, Royal Horticultural Society, 2017. https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/plant-registration-forms/orchid-name-abbreviations-list.pdf
  4. ↑ Chase, Mark W. (2005). "520. PSYCHOPSIS LIMMINGHEI: Orchidaceae" . Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 22 (1): 53–55. doi:10.1111/j.1355-4905.2005.00463.x. ISSN   1355-4905. JSTOR   45066088.
  5. ↑ "Psychopsiella limminghei". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.


This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.