Pyrops | |
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Pyrops candelaria | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Hemiptera |
Suborder: | Auchenorrhyncha |
Infraorder: | Fulgoromorpha |
Superfamily: | Fulgoroidea |
Family: | Fulgoridae |
Subfamily: | Aphaeninae |
Tribe: | Pyropsini |
Genus: | Pyrops Spinola, 1839 |
Type species | |
Pyrops candelaria (Linnaeus, 1758) | |
Synonyms | |
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Pyrops is a genus of planthoppers that occur primarily in southeast Asia, containing about 70 species. [1] They are fairly large insects, with much of the length due to an elongated, upcurving, snout-like projection of the head. The wings are generally brightly patterned in contrasting colors, and they are popular among collectors.
The genus has been divided into several species groups: [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
The genus name of Laternaria has been used by some authors, but this name was published in a work that was suppressed in 1955 by an official declaration of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN): Opinion 322. [10] [11] The type species is Pyrops candelaria .
A molecular phylogenetic study suggests that Pyrops is sister to the genus Saiva , and the tribe Pyropsini may not be properly placed in Fulgorinae. [12]
Like many other plant-sap sucking insects, Pyrops species exude honeydew. This honeydew is sometimes gathered by other animals in trophobiotic associations. Pyrops whiteheadi and P. intricatus are known to be attended by Dorylaea spp. cockroaches in Southeast Asia. Pyrops whiteheadi has also been seen tended by a gecko, Gehyra mutilata . [13]
The family Fulgoridae is a large group of hemipteran insects, especially abundant and diverse in the tropics, containing over 125 genera worldwide. They are mostly of moderate to large size, many with a superficial resemblance to Lepidoptera due to their brilliant and varied coloration. Various genera and species are sometimes referred to as lanternflies or lanthorn flies, but neither do their heads emit light, nor are they even distantly related to flies.
Pyrops candelaria is a species of planthopper often placed in the tribe Laternariini. This species has been recorded from: Guangdong, Guangxi, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Laos, Thailand and other parts of southeast Asia. It is the type of the genus Pyrops erected by Spinola in 1839.
The subfamily Aphaeninae is a group of hemipteran insects, especially abundant and diverse in the tropics, in the family Fulgoridae, or "lanternflies".
Issidae is a family of planthoppers described by Spinola in 1839, belonging to the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha superfamily Fulgoroidea.
Pyrops clavatus is a species of true bug in the family Fulgoridae, in the genus Pyrops which are sometimes called "lanternflies". This species is found in parts of northern and northeastern India, Myanmar, northern Thailand, southern China and northern Vietnam. The tip of the elongated head capsule is spheroidal, shiny and chestnut in colour while the remainder of the process is black with fine white spotting. The forewing has a variable patterning of black, grey and white. The hindwing is purplish white with the apical half black. Specimens have been obtained along the Himalayas west to Mussoorie but more often in Assam, Sikkim, Shillong and the Khasi Hills.
Zanna is a genus of tropical planthoppers found in Asia and Africa, now belonging to the monotypic subfamily Zanninae.
Penthicodes is a genus of planthoppers belonging to the family Fulgoridae, subfamily Aphaeninae: found in South-East Asia. The genus name was formerly treated as feminine, but in 2022 it was revised to masculine in accordance with ICZN Article 30.1.4.4, changing the spelling of several species' names.
Pyrops watanabei is a species of planthopper endemic to Taiwan. Pyrops atroalbus was formerly considered a subspecies; its status as a species was reinstated in 2017. P. watanabei was first described by Shōnen Matsumura in 1913 as Fulgora watanabei.
Calyptoproctus is a genus of planthoppers in the family Fulgoridae; records are from Central and South America.
Pyrops maculatus is a species of planthopper belonging to the family Fulgoridae. A population is found in Sri Lanka while another is known from southwestern India.
Lycorma is a genus of planthoppers native to Asia. The first species within the genus was described by Frederick William Hope in 1843 and the genus was formally established by Carl Stål in 1863.
The Fulgorinae are a sub-family of insects in the Auchenorrhyncha: which include the spectacular "lantern-bugs" and allied insects.
Polydictya is a genus of planthoppers in the sub-family Poiocerinae Haupt, 1929. Species are distributed from India, through Indo-China, to Malesia.
The subfamily Poiocerinae include Hemipteran insects in the family Fulgoridae, found especially in the tropics.
Belbina is a genus of planthoppers in the subfamily Enchophorinae (Fulgoridae): erected by Carl Stål in 1863; There are some 12 species presently known, occurring in Madagascar.
Scamandra is a genus of planthoppers in the subfamily Aphaeninae (Fulgoridae): found in Malesia.
Egregia is a genus of planthoppers in the family Fulgoridae, subfamily Aphaeninae. Species are distributed in Malesia. As of 2020, the number of species increased to 24.
Pyrops lathburii is a species of lanternfly found in northern India, northern Thailand, southern China, Laos, and Vietnam.
Pyrops sultana is a species of lanternfly found on the island of Borneo.
Enchophora is a genus of fulgorid planthoppers in the family Fulgoridae. There are more than 25 described species in Enchophora, found in Mexico, Central America, and South America.