Quercus laevis

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Quercus laevis
AmericanTurkeyOakLeaves.jpg
American turkey oak foliage
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fagales
Family: Fagaceae
Genus: Quercus
Subgenus: Quercus subg. Quercus
Section: Quercus sect. Lobatae
Species:
Q. laevis
Binomial name
Quercus laevis
Quercus laevis range map 1.png
Quercus laevis native range
Synonyms [2]
  • Quercus catesbaeiMichx.
  • Quercus catesbaei f. rappii(Trel.) A.Camus
  • Quercus laevis f. linearilobaTrel.
  • Quercus laevis f. rappiiTrel.

Quercus laevis, the turkey oak, is a member of the red oak group of oaks. It is native to the southeastern United States. The name turkey oak derives from the resemblance of the leaves to a turkey's foot. [3] A Turkish and southern European species Quercus cerris is also commonly referred to as Turkey oak, so Quercus laevis is sometimes referred to as American turkey oak to distinguish it from the European species.

Contents

Description

Quercus laevis is a small tree, sometimes shrubby, typically only 8–10 meters (26–33 feet) tall, though occasionally reaching 28 m (92 ft). The leaves are variable in size, mostly 10–17 centimeters (4–6+34 inches) long but occasionally just 8 cm (3+14 in) or as much as 30 cm (12 in) long. They have 3–7 slender lobes, deeply incised between the lobes, each lobe with 1–3 bristle teeth at the tip. The leaves turn red in Autumn. The acorns are about 20–25 millimeters (34–1 in) long, and, like other red oaks, take 18 months to mature. [4]

Distribution and habitat

Turkey oak occurs on the coastal plain from Virginia south to southwestern Florida, and west to southeast Louisiana, where it mingles with many tropical trees such as mature coconut palms and large Cuban Laurel ( Ficus ) trees. [5] [6]

It typically grows on poor, thin, dry, rocky or sandy soils where few other oaks other than blackjack oak (Q. marilandica) can thrive. It does not have the beautiful crown form of many oaks, but is nonetheless a valuable tree for growing on infertile, dry, sandy sites. The deeply lobed leaves are also attractive. It associates as an understory tree with longleaf pine and other pine stands on sandy knolls in the southeastern United States.

Related Research Articles

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<i>Quercus stellata</i> Species of oak tree

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<i>Quercus falcata</i> Species of oak tree

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<i>Quercus ellipsoidalis</i> Species of oak tree

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<i>Quercus acutissima</i> Species of oak tree

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<i>Castanea pumila</i> Species of tree

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<i>Quercus nigra</i> Species of oak tree

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<i>Quercus arkansana</i> Species of oak tree

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<i>Quercus hemisphaerica</i> Species of oak tree

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<i>Quercus ilicifolia</i> Species of oak tree

Quercus ilicifolia, commonly known as bear oak or scrub oak, is a small shrubby oak native to the Eastern United States and, less commonly, in southeastern Canada. Its range in the United States extends from Maine to North Carolina, with reports of a few populations north of the international frontier in Ontario. The name ilicifolia means "holly-leaved."

<i>Quercus chapmanii</i> Species of oak tree

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<i>Quercus incana</i> Species of oak tree

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References

  1. Wenzell, K.; Kenny, L.; Jerome, D. (2017). "Quercus laevis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T194182A111265467. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T194182A111265467.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. "Quercus laevis Walter". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
  3. "Turkey oak (Quercus laevis)". Florida Forest Trees. University of Florida . Retrieved February 8, 2010.
  4. Nixon, Kevin C. (1997). "Quercus laevis". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 3. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  5. "Quercus laevis". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  6. https://inaturalist.ca/observations/66580475 American Turkey Oak in North Naples, Florida