Carmona worked in various positions in the medical field including paramedic,registered nurse,and physician. He completed a surgical residency at UCSF and a National Institutes of Health-sponsored fellowship in trauma,burns,and critical care. Carmona is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons and certified in correctional health care and in quality assurance. Carmona has been Chairman of the Arizona Southern Regional Emergency Medical System,Chief Medical Officer,hospital CEO,public health officer,and chief executive officer of the Pima County health care system. In 1997,the Pima County system,which was in financial trouble before he was appointed,continued to lose millions of dollars and he resigned.[8] Carmona was not in control of the assets of the system but was held responsible for them.[9] Carmona is also a professor of medicine at the University of Arizona.
Law enforcement career
Carmona worked for the Pima CountySheriff's Department since 1986,eventually working his way up to deputy sheriff. He served as medical director of the county's police and fire departments. He was a peace officer leader of the SWAT division,with expertise in special operations and emergency preparedness,including weapons of mass destruction.[6]
In 1999,Carmona was off duty when he killed a motorist in a shootout at a Tucson intersection. Accounts of the incident vary,but Carmona says he spotted a driver assaulting another driver after a car accident and pulled over to help. Bystanders warned Carmona that the motorist was armed,and in the confrontation that ensued,which started by the motorist starting to place his gun down but quickly after grabs and shoots,grazing Carmona in the head,Carmona fired his weapon seven times,hitting the man three times and killing him.[10] In the police interview at the scene,Carmona told officials he did not try to administer first aid after shooting the victim. Instead,he returned to his car to reload his weapon.[11]
President Bush nominated Carmona to become the 17th Surgeon General of the United States in March 2002. During the nomination process,Carmona was questioned about his management style and the amount of time it took him to become board-certified in his field. Carmona described himself as an "agent of change" willing to question the status quo,but that he always treated "patients,staff,and co-workers with respect." Senators on both sides of the aisle praised Carmona's qualifications and supported his nomination;he was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on July 23,2002,by a vote of 98–0.[12][13][14]
In 2006, Carmona released a landmark Surgeon General's report on the health effects of secondhand smoke.[15] Carmona's report underlined the risks of secondhand smoke exposure, stating: "The debate is over. The science is clear: Secondhand smoke is not a mere annoyance, but a serious health hazard."[16] The report encouraged the adoption of indoor smoking bans and noted that such bans did not appear to have a harmful economic effect on bars and restaurants. After leaving office, Carmona testified before Congress that the Bush administration had tried for years to "water down" his findings on the dangers of secondhand smoke, and had pressured him not to testify in the tobacco industry's racketeering trial.[17]
In earlier testimony before the U.S. Congress, Carmona stated that he would not object to a ban on all tobacco products "if Congress chose to go that way." The Bush administration distanced itself from this statement.[18]
Post-Surgeon General career
Carmona is currently vice chairman of the Canyon Ranch resort and spa company, president of the non-profit Canyon Ranch Institute, and a professor at the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health at the University of Arizona. He is currently in-charge of COVID-19 response at the University of Arizona.[19] On June 16, 2010, Ross University School of Medicine named Carmona to its board of trustees.[20]
On October 25, 2013, Carmona joined the Herbalife Board of Directors. Dr. Carmona commented, "As a scientist and medical professional, I was first attracted by the depth and breadth of Herbalife's commitment to excellence in nutrition science. As a business person, my due diligence showed me a company of integrity with a good business plan. As the son of poor emigrant parents, I am elated to see the opportunities Herbalife offers to families in health-disparate and economically underserved communities."[22]
On September 6, 2021, Carmona joined the McKesson Corporation's board of directors as a new independent director and the Board of Directors Compensation and Compliance Committees.[23]
Carmona also testified that the Bush administration had attempted for years to "water down" his report on the dangers of secondhand smoke and pressured him not to testify in the tobacco industry's racketeering trial: "Anything that doesn't fit into the political appointees' ideological, theological or political agenda is ignored, marginalized or simply buried."[26][27] According to Carmona, he was even ordered not to attend the Special Olympics because the event was sponsored by the Kennedy family, and was told to mention President Bush three times on every page of his speeches.[17] The Washington Post subsequently identified William R. Steiger as the Bush administration official who had blocked release of Carmona's report on global health because it conflicted with the administration's political priorities.[28]
Carmona said that his predecessors as Surgeon General had told him, "We have never seen it as partisan, as malicious, as vindictive, as mean-spirited as it is today, and you clearly have worse than anyone's had."[26] Koop's testimony indicated that he had been subject to less political pressure than his successors:[29][30] President Reagan was pressed by his officials to fire him, but Reagan refused.[30] Moreover, Koop indicated that each of his successors had had less access to the Secretary of Health and Human Services than he had: Satcher had been granted less access than him, and "Dr. Carmona was treated with even less respect than Dr. Satcher."[30]
Carmona campaigning with former President Bill Clinton
Carmona was the Democratic nominee for U.S. Senate in Arizona in the race to replace retiring Republican Senator Jon Kyl.[31][32] Carmona said that he would bring his experience in science and medicine to the Senate, which will inform his analytical approach to the issues. He has been critical of politicians like Todd Akin and said that health issues should not be politicized.[33]
↑ Burger, Timothy J. "Prez Taps Maverick for Surgeon General"[permanent dead link], Daily News, March 27, 2002. Accessed September 14, 2009. "Carmona, 52, who dropped out of Dewitt Clinton High School in Harlem at 16 and later joined the Army, got a GED and was a Green Beret in Vietnam, where he was wounded twice."
↑ Kaufman, Marc (2003-06-04). "Surgeon General Favors Tobacco Ban". Nation. Washington Post. Surgeon General Richard Carmona said yesterday that he supports the banning of tobacco products – the first time that the government's top doctor and public health advocate has made such a strong statement about the historically contentious subject.
↑ Rovner, Julie (2007-07-10). "Ex-Surgeon General Says Administration Interfered". Politics. NPR. Retrieved 2007-07-12. He recalled a meeting where senior White House officials talked about global warming as a liberal cause with no merit.
1 2 Dunham, Will (2007-07-10). "Former Bush surgeon general says he was muzzled". Reuters. 'Anything that doesn't fit into the political appointees' ideological, theological or political agenda is ignored, marginalized or simply buried'
↑ Beckerman, Gal (2007-07-11). "Surgeon General's Warning: Politics always trumps science in the Bush White House". The Kicker. Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved 2007-07-11. 'The problem with this approach is that in public health, as in a democracy, there is nothing worse than ignoring science or marginalizing the voice of science for reasons driven by changing political winds.'
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