David Satcher | |
---|---|
11th United States Assistant Secretary for Health | |
In office February 13, 1998 –January 20, 2001 | |
President | Bill Clinton |
Preceded by | Philip R. Lee |
Succeeded by | Arthur Lawrence (acting) |
16th Surgeon General of the United States | |
In office February 13,1998 –February 12,2002 | |
President | Bill Clinton George W. Bush |
Preceded by | J. Jarrett Clinton (acting) |
Succeeded by | Kenneth P. Moritsugu (acting) |
13th Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | |
In office 1993 –February 13,1998 | |
President | Bill Clinton |
Preceded by | William L. Roper |
Succeeded by | Jeffrey Koplan |
Personal details | |
Born | Anniston,Alabama,U.S. | March 2,1941
Political party | Democratic |
Education | Morehouse College (BS) Case Western Reserve University (MD,PhD) |
Military service | |
Allegiance | United States |
Branch/service | Public Health Service |
Years of service | 1998–2002 |
Rank | Admiral |
David Satcher (born March 2,1941) is an American physician,and public health administrator. He was a four-star admiral in the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps and served as the 10th Assistant Secretary for Health,and the 16th Surgeon General of the United States.
Satcher was born in Anniston,Alabama. At the age of two,he contracted whooping cough. A Black doctor,Dr. Jackson,came to his parents' farm,and told his parents he didn't expect David to live,but nonetheless spent the day with him and told his parents how to give him the best chance he could. Satcher said that he grew up hearing that story,and that inspired him to be a doctor. [1] While in college,Satcher was active in the Civil Rights Movement and was arrested on multiple occasions. [2]
Satcher graduated from Morehouse College in Atlanta in 1963 and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. He received his MD and a PhD in cell biology from Case Western Reserve University in 1970 with election to the Alpha Omega Alpha honor society. He completed his residency and fellowship training at the Strong Memorial Hospital,the University of Rochester,the UCLA School of Medicine,and Martin Luther King Jr.-Harbor Hospital. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Family Physicians,the American College of Preventive Medicine,and the American College of Physicians,and is board certified in preventive medicine. Satcher pledged Omega Psi Phi fraternity and is an initiate of the Psi chapter of Morehouse College.
Satcher served as professor and Chairman of the Department of Community Medicine and Family Practice at Morehouse School of Medicine from 1979 to 1982. He is a former faculty member of the UCLA School of Medicine,the UCLA School of Public Health,and the King-Drew Medical Center in Los Angeles,where he developed and chaired the King-Drew Department of Family Medicine. From 1975 to 1979,he served as the interim Dean of the Charles R. Drew Postgraduate Medical School,during which time,he negotiated the agreement with UCLA School of Medicine and the Board of Regents that led to a medical education program at King-Drew. He also directed the King-Drew Sickle Cell Research Center for six years. Satcher served as President of Meharry Medical College in Nashville,Tennessee,from 1982 to 1993. He also held the posts of Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Administrator of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry from 1993 to 1998.
Under Satcher's leadership,the CDC took millions of dollars Congress set aside for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) research and secretly spent the funds in other areas. [3] The misappropriation of funds continued for three years (from 1995-1998) and the CDC attempted to cover up their actions. The issue only came to light after a CDC employee filed a whistleblower report and a special Inspector General was appointed to investigate the matter. [4] In the words of Martha Katz,Deputy Director for Policy and Legislation at CDC:"Resources intended for CFS were actually used for measles,polio and other disease areas. This was a breach of CDC's solemn trust and is in direct conflict with its core values." [5]
Satcher served simultaneously in the positions of Surgeon General and Assistant Secretary for Health from February 1998 through January 2001 at the US Department of Health and Human Services. [6] As such,he is the first Surgeon General to be appointed as a four-star admiral in the PHSCC,to reflect his dual offices.[ citation needed ]
In his first year as Surgeon General,Satcher released the 1998 Surgeon General's report "Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial/Ethnic Minority Groups." In it he reported that tobacco use was on the rise among youth in each of the country's major racial and ethnic groups,threatening their long-term health prospects. [7]
Satcher was appointed by Bill Clinton,and remained Surgeon General until 2002,contemporaneously with the first half of the first term of George W. Bush's presidential administration. Eve Slater would later replace him as Assistant Secretary for Health in 2001. Because he no longer held his dual office,Satcher was reverted and downgraded to the grade of vice admiral in the regular corps for the remainder of his term as Surgeon General. In 2001,his office released the report,The Call to Action to Promote Sexual Health and Responsible Sexual Behavior. The report was hailed by the chairman of the American Academy of Family Physicians as an overdue paradigm shift—"The only way we're going to change approaches to sexual behavior and sexual activity is through school. In school,not only at the doctor's office." However,conservative political groups denounced the report as being too permissive towards homosexuality and condom distribution in schools. When Satcher left office,he retired with the rank of vice admiral.
Upon his departure from the post,Satcher became a fellow at the Kaiser Family Foundation. In the fall of 2002,he assumed the post of Director of the National Center for Primary Care at the Morehouse School of Medicine.
On December 20,2004,Satcher was named interim president at Morehouse School of Medicine until John E. Maupin,Jr.,former president of Meharry Medical College assumed the current position on February 26,2006.[ citation needed ] In June 2006,Satcher established the Satcher Health Leadership Institute (SHLI) at Morehouse School of Medicine as a natural extension of his experiences improving public health policy for all Americans and his commitment to eliminating health disparities for minorities,the poor,and other disadvantaged groups. [8] [9]
In 2013,he co-founded the advocacy group African American Network Against Alzheimer's. [10]
As of 2002,he sits on the boards of Johnson &Johnson and,as of 2007,MetLife. [11] [12]
While acknowledging progress,Satcher has criticized health disparities. He asked the question,“What if we had eliminated disparities in health in the last century?”and calculated that there would have been 83,500 fewer Black deaths in the year 2000. That would have included 24,000 fewer Black deaths from cardiovascular disease. If infant mortality had been equal across racial and ethnic groups in 2000,4,700 fewer Black infants would have died in their first year of life.
Without disparities,there would have been 22,000 fewer Black deaths from diabetes and almost 2,000 fewer Black women would have died from breast cancer;250,000 fewer Blacks would have been infected with HIV/AIDS and 7,000 fewer Blacks would have died from complications due to AIDS in 2000. As many as 2.5 million additional Blacks,including 650,000 children,would have had health insurance in that year. He called on people to work for solutions at the individual,community,and policy level. [13]
Satcher supports a Medicare-for-all style single payer health plan,in which insurance companies would be eliminated and the government would pay health care costs directly to doctors,hospitals and other providers through the tax system. [14]
In 1990,while President of Meharry Medical College,Satcher founded a quarterly academic journal entitled the Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved . Both the Kaiser Family Foundation and the Medical Library Association rate this journal as one of the nation's important public health journals.[ citation needed ]
He is the recipient of many honorary degrees and numerous distinguished honors,including the Public Health Service Distinguished Service Medal,the 2013 UC Berkeley School of Public Health Public Health Heroes Award, [15] an honorary Doctor of Science from Harvard University (2011),an honorary Doctor of Public Health from Dickinson College (2016),and top awards from the American Medical Association,the American College of Physicians,the American Academy of Family Physicians,and Ebony magazine. In 1995,he received the Breslow Award in Public Health and in 1997 the New York Academy of Medicine Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2004,he received the Benjamin E. Mays Trailblazer Award and the Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter Award for Humanitarian Contributions to the Health of Humankind from the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases. An academic society at the Case Western School of Medicine is named in Satcher's honor,and,in 2009,he delivered the university's Commencement Address.
Meharry Medical College is a private historically black medical school affiliated with the United Methodist Church and located in Nashville,Tennessee. Founded in 1876 as the Medical Department of Central Tennessee College,it was the first medical school for African Americans in the South. While the majority of African Americans lived in the South,they were excluded from many public and private racially segregated institutions of higher education,particularly after the end of Reconstruction.
Louis Wade Sullivan is an active health policy leader,minority health advocate,author,physician,and educator. He served as the Secretary of the United States Department of Health and Human Services during President George H. W. Bush's Administration and was Founding Dean of the Morehouse School of Medicine.
Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society (ΑΩΑ) is an honor society in the field of medicine.
Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science is a private university in Willowbrook,California,focused on health sciences. It was founded in 1966 in response to inadequate medical access within the Watts region of Los Angeles,California. The university is named in honor of Charles R. Drew.
Morehouse School of Medicine (MSM) is a private medical school in Atlanta,Georgia. Originally a part of Morehouse College,the school became independent in 1981.
Regina Marcia Benjamin is an American physician and a former vice admiral in the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps who served as the 18th Surgeon General of the United States. Benjamin previously directed a nonprofit primary care medical clinic in Bayou La Batre,Alabama,and served on the board of trustees for the Morehouse School of Medicine.
The Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved is an academic journal founded in 1990 by David Satcher,then President of Meharry Medical College who later became the 16th Surgeon General of the United States. JHCPU is published by the Johns Hopkins University Press for Meharry and is affiliated with the Association of Clinicians for the Underserved.
Robert Lee "Bobby" Satcher Jr. is an American orthopedic surgeon,chemical engineer,and former NASA astronaut. He participated in two spacewalks during STS-129,accumulating 12 hours and 19 minutes of extravehicular activity. Satcher holds two doctorates and has received numerous awards and honors as a surgeon and engineer.
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) has a long history with an evolution in medical understanding,diagnoses and social perceptions.
David Sheffield Bell is an American physician who has done extensive research on the clinical aspects of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). He has also conducted evaluations and research in pediatric ME/CFS and written numerous articles about the condition.
Helene D. Gayle is an American physician,and academic and non-profit administrator. She has been president of Spelman College since 2023. She formerly was CEO of the Chicago Community Trust,one of the nation's leading community foundations. Earlier in her career she was the director of international humanitarian organization CARE,and spent much of her career in the field of public health research in epidemiology at the CDC.
Matthew Walker Sr. was an American physician and surgeon. He was one of the first African Americans to become a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He was one of the most prominent Black doctors in the 20th century in the United States.
Anthony L. Komaroff is an American physician,clinical investigator,editor,and publisher. He serves as the Distinguished Simcox-Clifford-Higby Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and Senior Physician at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.
Stephen E. Straus was an American physician,immunologist,virologist and science administrator. He is particularly known for his research into human herpesviruses and chronic fatigue syndrome,and for his discovery of the autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome genetic disorder. He headed the Laboratory of Clinical Investigation of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,National Institutes of Health (NIH),and served as the founding director of the NIH's National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Valerie Montgomery Rice is an American obstetrician,gynecologist,and college administrator. She is the president and dean of Morehouse School of Medicine.
Camara Phyllis Jones is an American physician,epidemiologist,and anti-racism activist who specializes in the effects of racism and social inequalities on health. She is known for her work in defining institutional racism,personally mediated racism,and internalized racism in the context of modern U.S. race relations. During the COVID-19 pandemic,Jones drew attention to why racism and not race is a risk factor and called for actions to address structural racism.
Kisha Braithwaite Holden is a scientist known for her research on mental health of African-Americans and members of other minority groups. She is professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and community health &preventive medicine and interim director of Satcher Health Leadership Institute (SHLI) at Morehouse School of Medicine.
Jeffrey P. Koplan is an American physician and epidemiologist who is the Vice President for Global Health at Emory University. He established and became the first Director of the Emory Global Health Institute from 2006 to 2013. Koplan was the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 1998 to 2002;he had previously worked at the CDC for more than twenty years,looking into HIV-contaminated blood,as well as the Bhopal disaster. During his tenure as Director,he fought syphilis,and supervised the investigation into the 2001 anthrax attacks;before leaving the agency in March 2002.
LaMar Hasbrouck is an African-American physician,CDC-trained medical epidemiologist,and public health leader. Hasbrouck is the former executive director for the National Association of County and City Health Officials,and former director of the Illinois Department of Public Health and State Health Officer for Illinois. He is a health policy contributing writer for The Hill,recurrent guest on CNN,former host of AMA Doc Talk,a podcast by the American Medical Association and managing Director for DLM LLC,a health consulting firm.
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(help)Satcher: I was quite active in the civil rights movement when I was a student at Morehouse. I went to jail at least five times. What bothers me about today's protests is that they aren't as organized as we were.