Schendylops

Last updated

Schendylops
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Chilopoda
Order: Geophilomorpha
Family: Schendylidae
Genus: Schendylops
Cook, 1899
Type species
Schendyla grandidieri
(Saussure and Zehntner, 1897)
Synonyms
  • KoepckeiellaKraus, 1954
  • NesondylaChamberlin, 1950
  • SchendylotaChamberlin, 1950
  • SchendylurusSilvestri, 1907
  • Schendylurus (Ploutoschendylurus)Brölemann & Ribaut, 1912

Schendylops is the largest genus of centipedes in the family Schendylidae, containing more than 60 species. [1] [2] This genus was first proposed by the American biologist Orator F. Cook in 1899 for the type species originally named Schendyla grandidieri in 1897. [3] [4] Most species in this genus are found in the Neotropical region, but a dozen species are found in Africa and Madagascar. [5] These species live in diverse habitats, ranging from sea level (e.g., in the Caribbean region) to high altitudes, e.g., at 4,500 m (14,800 ft) above sea level in the Andes mountains. [5]

Contents

Description

Centipedes in this genus feature two rows of filaments on the claws of the second maxillae, sternal pore fields on leg-bearing segments, two pores on each coxopleuron, and ultimate legs with seven segments but no claw. [2] [4] [5] The pleurites of the second maxillae are not fused to the coxosternum. [4] [5] Species in this genus range from 1 to 7 cm (0.39 to 2.76 in) in length and have from 27 to 87 pairs of legs. [2]

This genus is notable for including the two species that feature the fewest legs (27 pairs) in the order Geophilomorpha. Both of these species are found in Brazil: males in the species Schendylops ramirezi have only 27 pairs of legs, while females have 29, and males in the species S. oligopus have 27 or 29 (usually 29), while females have 31. [5] Furthermore, S. ramirezi is one of only two species in this order in which females have only 29 leg pairs (the other species, which is in the genus Dinogeophilus , has 29 in each sex). [5] Both S. ramirezi and S. oligopus are also notable for their small sizes, reaching only 7 mm and 10 mm in length, respectively. [5]

Males of the African species S. caledonicus have from 83 to 85 leg pairs, [6] while females have from 83 to as many as 87 pairs, [4] the maximum recorded in this genus. [2] This species is also notable for its large size, reaching 65 mm (2.6 in) in length. [6] Other species in this genus noted for their large size include the African species S. maroccanus, which can reach 60 mm (2.4 in) in length, and S. attemsi, which can reach 63 mm (2.5 in) in length. [6] [4] [2]

Species

This genus contains more than 60 species, including the following: [1]

Related Research Articles

Pachymerium is a genus of centipedes in the family Geophilidae found mainly in the west Palearctic region and in south Africa. Centipedes in this genus feature an elongate head, scattered coxal pores, and sternal pores in a pair of anterior groups and a posterior transverse band; the forcipular coxosternite is broad, and the ultimate article of the forcipule has a prominent basal denticle.

<i>Geophilus</i> Genus of centipedes

Geophilus is a large, heterogeneous genus of soil centipedes in the family Geophilidae largely considered to be synonymous with Brachygeophilus. The generic name first appeared in Brewster's Edinburgh Encyclopaedia in 1814 as Geophilus electricus. This genus has a Holarctic distribution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Schendylidae</span> Family of centipedes

Schendylidae is a family of centipedes in the order Geophilomorpha found in the Americas, the Palearctic region, Africa, Madagascar, Australia, and southeast Asia, and also on some Pacific islands.

<i>Strigamia</i> Genus of centipedes

Strigamia is a genus of soil centipedes in the family Linotaeniidae found in temperate parts of the Holarctic region. Members of this family can be identified by their anteriorly tapering bodies, the extra claw on the forcipules, scattered coxal pores, and the distinctly swollen ultimate legs of the males. The generic name is from Latin striga, "strip," referring to its strip of bristles.

<i>Tygarrup</i> Genus of Mecistocephalidae centipedes

Tygarrup is a genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, found mainly in southeast Asia and from the Seychelles to Hawaii. Although species in this genus can have either 43 or 45 leg-bearing segments, most of these species have 45 leg pairs. An undescribed Tygarrup species found in the Andaman Islands has 43 leg pairs. Centipedes in this genus are sometimes melanised in patches, and sternal glands are present the males of most species. These centipedes range from 2 cm to 6 cm in length. Tygarrup javanicus is one of the smallest of the mecistocephalid species and has become an invasive in greenhouses in Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ballophilidae</span> Family of centipedes

Ballophilidae is a monophyletic group of centipedes belonging to the order Geophilomorpha and superfamily Himantarioidea. Authorities now dismiss this group as a family, citing phylogenetic analysis, and instead refer to this clade as Ballophilinae, a possible subfamily within the family Schendylidae. Centipedes in this clade differ from others in the family Schendylidae by having bodies tapered toward the anterior tip, short heads, slender forcipules that are well apart, and an undivided lamina for the female gonopods. Centipedes in this clade are found in most tropical regions.

<i>Ribautia</i> Genus of centipedes

Ribautia is a genus of centipedes in the family Geophilidae. This genus was described by French myriapodologist Henry Wilfred Brolemann in 1909. Centipedes in this genus are found in South America, tropical Africa, Madagascar, the Arabian peninsula, Australia, New Zealand, and Melanesia.

Tuoba is a genus of 17 species of centipedes, in the family Geophilidae. This genus was described by American biologist Ralph Vary Chamberlin in 1920. These centipedes are found in coastal regions and islands in the Mediterranean and in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans.

Mecistocephalus is the largest genus of centipedes in the family Mecistocephalidae, with about 140 species. This genus is among the most diverse and widespread of all the genera in the order Geophilomorpha. The British entomologist George Newport first proposed this genus in 1843 to contain a group of centipedes marked by an unusual elongation of the head.

Schendyla is a genus of centipedes in the family Schendylidae found in the west Palearctic region. This genus was described by Danish entomologists Vilhelm Bergsøe and Frederik Vilhelm August Meinert in 1866. Centipedes in this genus feature only a few spines on the claws of the second maxillae, two pores on each coxopleuron, and ultimate legs without claws or with only rudimentary claws.

<i>Lamyctes</i> Genus of centipedes

Lamyctes is a genus of centipedes in the family Henicopidae. It was described by Danish entomologist Frederik Vilhelm August Meinert in 1868.

Maoriella is a genus of centipedes in the family Geophilidae. It was described by Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems in 1903. Species in this genus are found in New Zealand, Australia, and Tahiti.

Pectiniunguis is a genus of centipedes in the family Schendylidae. This genus was described by American naturalist Charles Harvey Bollman in 1889. Centipedes in this genus feature second maxillae with claws fringed by two rows of filaments, transversally elliptical sternal pore-fields on almost all trunk segments, two pores on each coxopleuron, and ultimate legs without claws.

Ityphilus is a genus of centipedes in the clade Ballophilidae. It was described by American myriapodologist Orator Fuller Cook in 1899. Centipedes in this genus feature distinctly club-like antennae, well marked sclerotized lines on the forcipular coxosternite, and two pores on each coxopleuron. These centipedes range from about 1 cm to about 9 cm in length and have 41 to 113 pairs of legs. The dwarf species Ityphilus donatellae ranges from 8.5 to 11 mm in length and can have as few as 41 leg pairs, the minimum number found in this genus. The large species I. grandis can reach 93 mm in length and have as many as 113 leg pairs, the maximum number found in the clade Ballophilidae.

Marsikomerus is a genus of centipedes in the family Schendylidae. It was described by Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems in 1938. Species in this genus are found in Mexico and in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Otostigminae</span> Subfamily of centipedes

Otostigminae is a large subfamily of centipedes, containing nearly half of all species in the family Scolopendridae. Members of this subfamily are abundant and widespread throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, mostly in Africa, Asia, and Australia.

Schendylops ramirezi is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. This centipede is notable as the species with the fewest legs recorded in the order Geophilomorpha for each sex. This species is also the smallest in the genus Schendylops, reaching only 7 mm (0.28 in) in length.

Dicellophilus carniolensis is a species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is well known and found in central Europe. This species features 43 pairs of legs, a number rarely found in the family Mecistocephalidae and recorded in only one other genus in this family: In the genus Tygarrup, an undescribed species found in the Andaman Islands also has 43 leg pairs.

Mecistocephalus angusticeps is species of soil centipede in the family Mecistocephalidae. This centipede is found in Kenya and Seychelles. This species features only 47 pairs of legs rather than the 49 leg pairs usually observed in the genus Mecistocephalus.

Schendylops oligopus is a species of soil centipede in the family Schendylidae. This species is notable as one of only two species in the order Geophilomorpha known to include centipedes with only 27 pairs of legs, the minimum number recorded in this order. Furthermore, S. oligopus was the first species in this order found to feature so few legs.

References

  1. 1 2 "ITIS - Report: Schendylops". www.itis.gov. Retrieved 2024-06-05.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Bonato, Lucio; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Zapparoli, Marzio (2011). "Chilopoda – Taxonomic overview". In Minelli, Alessandro (ed.). The Myriapoda. Volume 1. Leiden: Brill. pp. 363–443. ISBN   978-90-04-18826-6. OCLC   812207443.
  3. ↑ Cook, O. F. (1899). "The Geophiloidea of Florida Keys". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 4: 303–312 [305].
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Hoffman, Richard L.; Pereira, Luis Alberto (1997). "The identity and taxonomic status of the generic names Schendylops Cook, 1899, and Schendylurus Silvestri, 1907, and the proposal of Orygmadyla, a new related genus from Perú (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Schendylidae)". Myriapodologica. 5 (2). ISSN   0163-5395.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Pereira, Luis Alberto (2013-01-01). "Discovery of a second geophilomorph species (Myriapoda: Chilopoda) having twenty-seven leg-bearing segments, the lowest number recorded up to the present in the centipede order Geophilomorpha". Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia. 53 (13): 163–185. doi: 10.1590/S0031-10492013001300001 . hdl: 11336/3449 . ISSN   1807-0205.
  6. 1 2 3 Attems, Carl (1929). Attems, Karl (ed.). Lfg. 52 Myriapoda, 1: Geophilomorpha (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 78–79, 92. doi:10.1515/9783111430638. ISBN   978-3-11-143063-8.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.