| Solenopsora | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Solenopsora holophaea , France | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Catillariaceae |
| Genus: | Solenopsora A.Massal. (1855) |
| Type species | |
| Solenopsora requienii A.Massal. (1855) | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
Solenopsora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Catillariaceae. [2] It has 15 species, with a mostly Northern Hemisphere distribution.
The genus was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1855, with Solenopsora requienii assigned as the type species. [3] However, this species had previously been described in 1840 by Camille Montagne, as Parmelia holophaea. [4]
Solenopsora lichens produce thalli of various morphologies, including crust-like (crustose), scaley (squamulose), and leafy (foliose). Depending on the species, the apothecia may be immersed on the substrate, emergent on the substrate surface, or somewhat elevated on a stalk (stipitate). A combination of microscopic characteristics define the genus Solenopsora. They all have asci that contain eight spores, and are of the Catillaria-type. This means that they have a prominent, amyloid tholus (the thickened inner part of the tip of an ascus) that lacks any internal differentiation such as an axial body. They have simple (i.e. unbranched) paraphyses with an internal brown pigmentation and club-shaped tips. Their ascospores are colourless and translucent (hyaline), and contain a single septum. [5]
Catillaria is a closely related genus that differs mainly in having a thallus that is always crustose, and apothecia with a proper margin. [5]
Most Solenopsora species are found in the Northern Hemisphere, including Asia, Europe, western North Africa, North America, and the Canary Islands. [6] Three species are known from Australia. [5] Eight species occur in Europe. [7]
As of December 2024 [update] , Species Fungorum accepts 15 species of Solenopsora: [8]
The Lecanoraceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the order Lecanorales. Species of this family have a widespread distribution.
The Ramalinaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Lecanorales. First proposed by Carl Adolph Agardh in 1821, the family now comprises 63 genera and about 750 species. Ramalinaceae lichens exhibit diverse growth forms, including crustose, fruticose, squamulose, leprose, and byssoid thalli, and form symbiotic relationships primarily with green algae of the genus Trebouxia. The family is characterised by pale-coloured thalli, apothecia that are typically pale but may darken with age, and ascospores that vary in shape and septation.
Lecania is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1853. Lecania is widely distributed, especially in temperate regions, and contains about 64 species.
Toninia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae.
Bactrospora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi of uncertain familial placement in the order Arthoniales. It was circumscribed by Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1852.
Bagliettoa is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Verrucariaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1853. Bagliettoa species are endolithic, growing between the grains of solid rock.
Thelidium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Verrucariaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1855 by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo, who assigned Thelidium amylaceum as the type species.
Lecidella is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecanoraceae.
Psorotichia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lichinaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1855, with Psorotichia murorum assigned as the type species.
Nesolechia is a genus of parasitic fungi in the family Parmeliaceae. All three species in the genus grow on lichens. Nesolechia probably evolved from a lichen ancestor, as it is closely related to many lichenized species of fungi.
Phacopsis is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi. They are parasites of members of the large lichen family Parmeliaceae, of which they are also a member. Originally proposed by Edmond Tulasne in 1852 to contain 3 species, Phacopsis now contains 10 species, although historically, 33 taxa have been described in the genus. Many of the species are poorly known, some of them having been documented only from the type specimen.
Megalaria is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. It contains 44 species of crustose lichens, the majority of which grow on bark.
Catillaria is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Catillariaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1852. It is the type genus of Catillariaceae, which was circumscribed by Austrian lichenologist Josef Hafellner in 1984.
Loxospora is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Sarrameanaceae. It has 13 species. The genus was circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1852, with Loxospora elatina assigned as the type species. This crustose lichen was originally named Lecanora elatina by Erik Acharius in 1810.
Sporastatia is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Sporastatiaceae. It has four species. Sporastatia lichens are long-lived species that grow on siliceous or weakly calcareous rocks in arctic and alpine locales.
Phacopsis thallicola is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first formally described as a new species in 1852 by Italian botanist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo, as Lecidea thallicola. The type specimen, collected from the province of Treviso in Italy, was growing on the foliose lichen Parmelia caperata. Dagmar Triebel and Gerhard Walter Rambold transferred the taxon to the genus Phacopsis in 1988. The known generic hosts of Phacopsis thallicola are all in the Parmeliaceae: Parmotrema, Cetrelia, Flavopunctelia, and Hypotrachyna.
Piccolia is a small genus of crustose lichens in the class Lecanoromycetes. First circumscribed by Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo in 1864, it contains ten species. Due to a lack of molecular data, it has not been assigned to an order or family.
Thalloidima is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. It has 13 species.
Blastodesmia is a monotypic fungal genus in the family Pyrenulaceae. It contains the single species Blastodesmia nitida, a corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen found in Europe. Both the genus and the species were described in 1852 by the Italian botanist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo. Historically, two other species have been included in the genus, but are currently not accepted by Species Fungorum: