Spondyliosoma

Last updated

Spondyliosoma
Spondyliosoma cantharus.jpg
Spondyliosoma cantharus is a species in this genus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Spariformes
Family: Sparidae
Genus: Spondyliosoma
Cantor, 1849
Type species
Sparus cantharus
Linnaeus, 1758 [1]
Synonyms [1]

Spondyliosoma is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. The genus contains two species, one, the black seabream, from the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the other, the steentjie seabream, from the western Indian Ocean.

Contents

Taxonomy

Spondyliosoma was first proposed as a genus in 1849 by the Danish zoologist Theodore Cantor with Sparus cantharus being the type species. Cantor proposed the new name to replace Georges Cuvier's Cantharus which was preoccupied by Cantharus Röding, 1798 in Mollusca and by Cantharus Monfort, 1808 in Foraminifera. [1] The type species of Cuvier's Cantharus was Sparus cantharus by monotypy, Linnaeus had described S. cantharus in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae published in 1758, with its type locality given as the Mediterranean Sea. [1] This genus in the family Sparidae within the order Spariformes by the 5th edition of Fishes of the World . [2] Some authorities classify this genus in the subfamily Boopsinae, [3] but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World does not recognise subfamilies within the Sparidae. [2]

Etymology

Spondyliosoma means "spindle body", a name Cantor did not explain and it is not obvious why he gave the taxon this name. [4]

Species

Spondyliosoma contains 2 valid species: [5]

Characteristics

Spondyliosoma seabreams are characterised by the possession of 4 to 6 rows of thin, sharp incisors in the front of both jaws. The juveniles have a row of conical teeth behind the incisors and these develop into molar-like teeth in adults. The diameter of the eye is slightly smaller than the length of the snout. There are no scales on the dorsal and anal fins but the soft-rayed parts of these fins have scaly sheaths at their bases. [6] The larger of the 2 species in the genus is the black seabream (S. cantharus) with a maximum published standard length of 60 cm (24 in) while the steentjie seabream (S. emarginatum) has a amximum publsihed total length of 45 cm (18 in). [5]

Distribution

Spondyliosoma seabreams have parapatric distributions with the black seabream having a wide range encompassing the eastern Atlantic Ocean between Scandinavia and Namibia, [7] including the Mediterranean and Black Seas. The steentjie seabream is found in the southwstern Indian Ocean off South Africa and Madagascar. [8]

Fisheries

Spondyliosoma seabreams are of interest to fisheries, particularly the black seabream which is an important food fish targeted by both commercial and recreational fisheries in Europe. [9]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sparidae</span> Family of fishes

Sparidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Spariformes, the sea breams and porgies, although they were traditionally classified in the order Perciformes. They are found in shallow temperate and tropical waters around the world and are demersal carnivores.

<i>Pagellus</i> Genus of fishes

Pagellus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and the western Indian Ocean.

<i>Pagrus</i> Genus of fishes

Pagrus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the Western Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. They are esteemed food fishes which are targeted by commercial fisheries and are grown in aquaculture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black seabream</span> Species of fish

The black seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish has a wide distribution in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean and Black Seas. The black seabream is an important food fish, especially in Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Salema porgy</span> Species of fish

The salema porgy also known as the dreamfish, salema, cow bream, karanteen, salpa, saupe, strepie or goldline, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. It is the only species in the monospecific genus Sarpa. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and southwestern Indian Ocean. This species has been known to cause ichthyoallyeinotoxism when eaten.

<i>Boops</i> Genus of fishes

Boops is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. There are two species in this genus, one in the Western Atlantic and Mediterranean, and the other in the Western Indian Ocean.

<i>Diplodus sargus</i> Species of fish

Diplodus sargus, the white seabream or sargo is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean Sea. It is a target species for commercial fisheries and is grown in aquaculture. D. sargussensu lato was formerly thought to be a widespread species in the eastern Atlantic and western Indian Oceans but the taxa outside of D, sargussensu stricto are now recognised as valid species and are part of the D. sargus species complex.

<i>Diplodus</i> Genus of fishes

Diplodus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and the western Indian Ocean.

<i>Sparidentex</i> Genus of fishes

Sparidentex is a genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the Indian Ocean.

<i>Acanthopagrus</i> Genus of fishes

Acanthopagrus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, the sea breams and porgies. The fish in this genus are found in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans.

<i>Rhabdosargus</i> Genus of fishes

Rhabdosargus is a genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and throughout the Indo-West Pacific, although mainly in the western Indian Ocean.

<i>Dentex</i> Genus of fishes

Dentex is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. The fishes in this genus are found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.

<i>Crenidens</i> Genus of fishes

Crenidens is a small genus of three species of seabream from the family Sparidae from the western Indian Ocean. It was previously regarded as monotypic, with the sole species being the Karenteen sea bream Crenidens crenidens but two other species are now accepted as valid species, separate from the type species, C. crenidens.

<i>Diplodus capensis</i> Species of fish

Diplodus capensis, the Cape white seabream or blacktail seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found around the coasts of Southern Africa.

<i>Diplodus annularis</i> Species of fish

Diplodus annularis, the annular seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the family which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean.

<i>Argyrops</i> Genus of fishes

Argyrops is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. These fishes are found in the coasts of Indian Ocean and near Australia.

<i>Chrysoblephus</i> Genus of fish

Chrysoblephus is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, the sea breams and porgies. The fish in this genus are found in the western Indian Ocean and southeastern Atlantic Ocean.

<i>Spondyliosoma emarginatum</i> Species of fishes

Spondyliosoma emarginatum, the steentjie seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This species is found in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean and the southwestern Indian Ocean off South Africa and maybe Madagascar.

<i>Pachymetopon</i> Genus of fishes

Pachymetopon is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. The species in this genus are endemic to Southern Africa.

<i>Stenotomus</i> Genus of fishes

Stenotomus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. The fishes in this genus are found in the western Atlantic Ocean.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Sparidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 21 February 2024.
  2. 1 2 Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 502–506. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  3. ↑ Parenti, P. (2019). "An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Sparidae". FishTaxa. 4 (2): 47–98.
  4. ↑ Christopher Scharpf (12 January 2024). "Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 6): Families GERREIDAE, LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
  5. 1 2 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2023). Species of Spondyliosoma in FishBase . October 2023 version.
  6. ↑ Yukio Iwatsuki and Phillip C Heemstra (2022). "Family Sparidae". In Phillip C Heemstra; Elaine Heemstra; David A Ebert; Wouter Holleman; and John E Randall (eds.). Coastal Fishes of the Western Indian Ocean (PDF). Vol. 3. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. pp. 284–315. ISBN   978-1-990951-32-9.
  7. ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Spondyliosoma cantharus" in FishBase . October 2023 version.
  8. ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Spondyliosoma emarginatus" in FishBase . October 2023 version.
  9. ↑ Russell, B.; Pollard, D. & Carpenter, K.E. (2014). "Spondyliosoma cantharus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2014: e.T170258A1303321. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T170258A1303321.en . Retrieved 21 February 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.