The Syrian Interim Government (SIG) was an alternative government in Syria, formed by the umbrella opposition group, the National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces during the Syrian Civil War. The Syrian Interim Government constituted a separate administration in Turkish-controlled territories in Northern Syria and had partial authority there. The interim government's headquarters in Syria are located in the city of Azaz in Aleppo Governorate. While responsible to the Syrian National Coalition, the SIG is closely aligned with Turkey. The SIG's armed forces are the Syrian National Army.
The Levant Front was a Syrian revolutionary group based around Aleppo involved in the Syrian Civil War. It was formed in December 2014.
The Mu'tasim Division, formerly the Mutasim Brigade, is a Free Syrian Army faction active in the northern Aleppo Governorate, based in the town of Mare'. The group was named after al-Mu'tasim, an Abbasid caliph.
The Army of Glory, formerly the Union of Glory, was a Syrian rebel group affiliated with the Free Syrian Army active in northwestern Syria, mainly in the al-Ghab Plain in northern Hama and its surroundings. Turkey, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia have supplied the group with anti-tank missiles including 9K111 Fagots and BGM-71 TOWs.
The Sultan Murad Division is a Syrian Turkmen rebel group fighting in the Syrian Civil War. It is aligned with the Syrian Interim Government and heavily supported by Turkey, who provides funding and military training along with artillery and aerial support. It is the most notable group among Syrian Turkmen Brigades also supported by Turkey.
The al-Hamza Division is a Syrian rebel group in northwestern Syria affiliated with the Syrian National Army, trained and equipped by the United States, the United Kingdom and Turkey as part of the Syrian Train and Equip Program. Formed in 2013, it cooperates with the Turkish Armed Forces in the Turkish occupation of northern Syria.
The Hawar Kilis Operations Room is a Syrian rebel coalition formed in the village of Hawar Kilis Kilis in April 2016 in the northern Aleppo Governorate on the Syria–Turkey border.
Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), also referred to as Tahrir al-Sham, was a Sunni Islamist political organisation and former militia group involved in the Syrian civil war. It was formed on 28 January 2017 as a merger between several armed groups: Jaysh al-Ahrar, Jabhat Fateh al-Sham (JFS), Ansar al-Din Front, Jaysh al-Sunna, Liwa al-Haqq, and the Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement. The unification process was held under the initiative of Abu Jaber Shaykh, an Islamist militant commander who had been the second emir of Ahrar al-Sham. HTS, along with other Syrian opposition groups, launched an offensive that led to fall of the Assad regime on 8 December 2024.
The Syrian National Army, also known as the Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army (TFSA), is a coalition of armed Syrian opposition groups that participate in the Syrian civil war. Comprising various rebel factions that emerged at the start of the war in July 2011, it was officially established in 2017 under the auspices of Turkey, who provides funding, training, and military support.
The Glory Corps is a Turkish-backed rebel group that operates under the Syrian National Army's 3rd Legion during the Syrian Civil War. Formed in 2017, the group works closely with the Levant Front, the main faction in the 3rd Legion, and included fighters that defected from the Sham Legion. The Glory Corps fought against Syrian government forces, and participated in the Turkish-led Operation Olive Branch against the People's Protection Units (YPG)-led Syrian Democratic Forces in the Afrin Region in 2018. It was targeted by a YPG insurgency in the aftermath of the offensive, when it became based in Afrin.
The Idlib Governorate clashes were a series of armed confrontations between Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and the So Be Steadfast Operations Room, led by the Guardians of Religion Organization (HaD). The conflict began after HTS arrested the leader of the Ansar al-Din Front, Abu Salah al-Uzbeki, and a dissenting leader of a group within HTS, Abu al-Malik al-Talli.
The following is a timeline of the Syrian civil war for 2021. Information about aggregated casualty counts is found at Casualties of the Syrian civil war.
The Syrian Front for Liberation is a Syrian opposition faction operating within the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army, formed by the Mu'tasim Division, the Hamza Division, the Sultan Suleiman Shah Division (al-Amshat), the 20th Division, and the Northern Hawks Brigade on 9 September 2021. The Front soon began to fracture after its formation, with the Northern Hawks Brigade and 20th Division having withdrawn by 14 October and the Sultan Suleiman Shah Division by 2 November.
The following is a timeline of the Syrian civil war for 2022. Information about aggregated casualty counts is found in Casualties of the Syrian civil war.
Clashes occurred between the Levant Front and the Hamza Division, two factions of the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army, across the Turkish-occupied areas of the Aleppo Governorate on 10 October 2022, as part of the on-going civil war in Syria. On 12 October, the Sunni Islamist group Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) joined the fighting on the side of the Hamza Division, entering the Afrin region.
The So Be Steadfast Operations Room is a coalition of Salafist jihadist insurgent groups in Idlib Governorate, Syria during the Syrian civil war.
The 2024 Hama offensive was a military operation launched by forces of the Syrian Salvation Government (SSG) and Turkish-backed rebel groups of the Syrian Interim Government (SIG) during the 2024 Syrian opposition offensive, a phase of the Syrian civil war. The operation, which was launched by the Military Operations Command, took place in the Hama Governorate.
Dawn of Freedom Operations Room also known as Fajr al-Hurriya Operations Room is a Syrian militant operations room that is led by the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army during the Syrian civil war, specifically against both the Syrian Arab Army and the Syrian Democratic Forces and their regiments.
The East Aleppo offensive is an operation launched by the US-backed Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) in December 2024 against the Turkey-backed Syrian National Army (SNA) to regain control of territory that was lost during the Manbij offensive and to advance from Dayr Hafir into the Tishrin Dam area. The fighting is part of the longer term conflict between Turkey and the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES), taking place in the aftermath of the fall of the Assad regime.
Mohammed al-Jassem, also known by his nom de guerreAbu Amsha, is a Syrian Army General commanding the 25th Division. He had previously served as the leader of the Sultan Suleiman Shah Division, a faction within the Syrian National Army supported by Turkey.
Free Syrian Army 
Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham [9] 