Sutterella

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Sutterella
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Pseudomonadota
Class:
Betaproteobacteria
Order:
Burkholderiales
Family:
Sutterellaceae
Genus:
Sutterella

Wexler et al. 1996 [1]
Type species
Sutterella wadsworthensis [1]
Species

Sutterella megalosphaeroides
Sutterella parvirubra
Sutterella stercoricanis
Sutterella wadsworthensis

Contents

Sutterella is a genus of Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, Betaproteobacteria whose species have been isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract as well as canine feces. [2] [3] The genus of the family Sutterellaceae currently encompasses 4 distinct species, though at least 5 additional species have been proposed that do not yet meet International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) standards for classification. [4] [5] Sutterella are frequently referred to as commensal in the context of human hosts, but are associated with inflammation, [6] [7] which has implications for a number of diseases.

Characteristics

Sutterella cells are 0.5 to 1 μm wide and 1 to 3 μm long. They exhibit bile resistance, are nitrate reducers, do not hydrolyze urea, and do not possess the cytochrome c oxidase enzyme. They are only able to be cultured in microaerophilic and anaerobic environments. [3] The Sutterella genome encodes the sulfite reductase MccA. [8]

Human health

Imbalances in abundance of Sutterella species is correlated with a number of disordered health outcomes. Many of these are related to gut health though others are developmental and neurological disorders. Sutterella abundance has been positively correlated with irritable bowel disease, Crohn's disease, [9] and autism spectrum disorder. [10] [11] Some studies have shown correlation between Sutterella abundance and severity of down syndrome, though not the onset of the syndrome itself. [12] There is also some evidence to suggest that Sutterella may be implicated in the pathogensis of ulcerative colitis. [9] However, Sutterella abundance is negatively associated with other disorders, such as multiple sclerosis. [13]

Sutterella has been found to be mildly pro-inflammatory [6] [7] and some research suggests this is due to an ability to degrade IgA. [14] [15] This may help explain its role in human health.

There have been a number of studies indicating that diet has an effect on Sutterella abundance in the gut. Prebiotics, [16] including artificial sweeteners, [17] pectic polysaccharides, [7] and dietary fiber, [18] have been shown to alter the abundance of Sutterella species.

History of classification

Sutterella was initially characterized by Wexler et. al. in 1996. Despite being mistaken for Campylobacter gracilis , it was later determined that it had a number of distinguishing features; sequencing confirmed that it was a unique species most closely related to members of the order Burkholderiales and other Betaproteobacteria. This original strain was named Sutterella wadsworthensis , chosen to honor both the laboratory where it was discovered, the Wadsworth Anaerobe Laboratory, and its decades long director, Vera Sutter. [19] [3]

In 2010, upon the discovery of the second species of Parasutterella , Parasutterella secunda , Morotomi et. al. proposed the reclassification of the closely related Sutterella and Parasutterella genera from Alcaligenaceae to a new and distinct family they named Sutterellaceae. [2]

Species

Recognized species

Sutterella megalosphaeroides [20] [21] [5] [22]

Sutterella parvirubra [23] [24] [5] [22]

Sutterella stercoricanis [25] [26] [5] [22]

Sutterella wadsworthensis [19] [27] [5] [22]

Proposed Species

Sutterella faecalis [28] [5] [22]

Sutterella massiliensis [29] [5] [22]

Candidatus Sutterella merdavium [30] [5] [22]

Sutterella seckii [31] [5] [22]

Sutterella timonensis [29] [5] [22]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Ensifer</i> (bacterium) Genus of bacteria

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Parasutterella is a genus of Gram-negative, circular/rod-shaped, obligate anaerobic, non-spore forming bacteria from the Pseudomonadota phylum, Betaproteobacteria class and the family Sutterellaceae. Previously, this genus was considered "unculturable," meaning that it could not be characterized through conventional laboratory techniques, such as grow in culture due its unique requirements of anaerobic environment. The genus was initially discovered through 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. By analyzing the sequence similarity, Parasutterella was determined to be related most closely to the genus Sutterella and previously classified in the family Alcaligenaceae.

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References

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  8. ↑ Simon J, Kroneck PM (2013-01-01). Poole RK (ed.). "Microbial sulfite respiration". Advances in Microbial Physiology. 62. Academic Press: 45–117. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-410515-7.00002-0. ISBN   9780124105157. PMID   23481335.
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  12. ↑ Serra D, Almeida LM, Dinis TC (2020-01-01). "Chapter One - Polyphenols in the management of brain disorders: Modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis". In Toldrá F (ed.). Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. Vol. 91. Academic Press. pp. 1–27. doi:10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.08.001. ISBN   9780128204702. PMID   32035595. S2CID   202000255.
  13. ↑ Giri S, Mangalam A (2019-01-01). "Chapter 34 - The Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Multiple Sclerosis". In Faintuch J, Faintuch S (eds.). Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis, Therapy, and other Strategic Applications. Academic Press. pp. 333–340. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815249-2.00034-8. ISBN   978-0-12-815249-2. S2CID   91712800.
  14. ↑ Beller A, Kruglov A, Durek P, von Goetze V, Werner K, Heinz GA, et al. (June 2020). "Specific microbiota enhances intestinal IgA levels by inducing TGF-β in T follicular helper cells of Peyer's patches in mice" (PDF). European Journal of Immunology. 50 (6): 783–794. doi: 10.1002/eji.201948474 . PMID   32065660. S2CID   211135006.
  15. ↑ Kaakoush NO (July 2020). "Sutterella Species, IgA-degrading Bacteria in Ulcerative Colitis". Trends in Microbiology. 28 (7): 519–522. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2020.02.018. PMID   32544438. S2CID   216340368.
  16. ↑ Saygin D, Tabib T, Bittar HE, Valenzi E, Sembrat J, Chan SY, et al. (2020-03-01). "Transcriptional profiling of lung cell populations in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension". Pulmonary Circulation. 10 (1): 103838. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2020.103838. PMC   7052475 . PMID   32166015.
  17. ↑ Lobach AR, Roberts A, Rowland IR (February 2019). "Assessing the in vivo data on low/no-calorie sweeteners and the gut microbiota" (PDF). Food and Chemical Toxicology. 124: 385–399. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.005 . PMID   30557670. S2CID   56169802.
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  19. 1 2 Wexler HM, Reeves D, Summanen PH, Molitoris E, McTeague M, Duncan J, et al. (January 1996). "Sutterella wadsworthensis gen. nov., sp. nov., bile-resistant microaerophilic Campylobacter gracilis-like clinical isolates". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 46 (1): 252–258. doi: 10.1099/00207713-46-1-252 . PMID   8573504.
  20. ↑ Sakamoto M, Ikeyama N, Kunihiro T, Iino T, Yuki M, Ohkuma M (December 2018). "Mesosutterella multiformis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Sutterellaceae and Sutterella megalosphaeroides sp. nov., isolated from human faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 68 (12): 3942–3950. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003096 . PMID   30394865. S2CID   53218485.
  21. ↑ Oren A, Garrity GM (March 2019). "Notification that new names of prokaryotes, new combinations, and new taxonomic opinions have appeared in volume 68, part 12, of the IJSEM". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 69 (3): 600–601. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003197 . PMID   30829569. S2CID   73476383.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Schoch CL, Ciufo S, Domrachev M, Hotton CL, Kannan S, Khovanskaya R, et al. (January 2020). "NCBI Taxonomy: a comprehensive update on curation, resources and tools". Database. 2020. doi:10.1093/database/baaa062. PMC   7408187 . PMID   32761142.
  23. ↑ Sakon H, Nagai F, Morotomi M, Tanaka R (April 2008). "Sutterella parvirubra sp. nov. and Megamonas funiformis sp. nov., isolated from human faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 58 (Pt 4): 970–975. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.65456-0 . PMID   18398204.
  24. ↑ Euzéby J (July 2008). "Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 58, part 4, of the IJSEM". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 58 (Pt 7): 1513–1514. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.2008/004069-0 . PMID   18599684.
  25. ↑ Greetham HL, Collins MD, Gibson GR, Giffard C, Falsen E, Lawson PA (September 2004). "Sutterella stercoricanis sp. nov., isolated from canine faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (Pt 5): 1581–1584. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.63098-0 . PMID   15388713.
  26. ↑ "Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 54, part 5, of the IJSEM". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 55 (Pt 1): 3–5. January 2005. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.63563-0 . PMID   15653844.
  27. ↑ Saygin D, Tabib T, Bittar HE, Valenzi E, Sembrat J, Chan SY, et al. (2020). "Transcriptional profiling of lung cell populations in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension". Pulmonary Circulation. 10 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1177/2045894020908782. PMC   7052475 . PMID   32166015.
  28. ↑ Oh BS, Kim JS, Yu SY, Ryu SW, Park SH, Kang SW, et al. (February 2020). "Sutterella faecalis sp. nov., isolated from human faeces". Journal of Microbiology. 58 (2): 99–104. doi:10.1007/s12275-020-9396-9. PMID   31993985. S2CID   210937998.
  29. 1 2 Ndongo S, Cadoret F, Dubourg G, Delerce J, Fournier PE, Raoult D, Lagier JC (May 2017). "Collinsella phocaeensis sp. nov., Clostridium merdae sp. nov., Sutterella massiliensis sp. nov., Sutturella timonensis sp. nov., Enorma phocaeensis sp. nov., Mailhella massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., Mordavella massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Massiliprevotella massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., 9 new species isolated from fresh stool samples of healthy French patients". New Microbes and New Infections. 17: 89–95. doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2017.02.005. PMC   5382032 . PMID   28409003.
  30. ↑ Gilroy R, Ravi A, Getino M, Pursley I, Horton DL, Alikhan NF, et al. (2021-04-06). "Extensive microbial diversity within the chicken gut microbiome revealed by metagenomics and culture". PeerJ. 9: e10941. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10941 . PMC   8035907 . PMID   33868800.
  31. ↑ Dione N, Ngom II, Valles C, Cadoret F, Fournier PE, Raoult D, Lagier JC (May 2018). "Collinsella provencensis sp. nov., Parabacteroides bouchesdurhonensis sp. nov. and Sutterella seckii, sp. nov., three new bacterial species identified from human gut microbiota". New Microbes and New Infections. 23: 44–47. doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2018.02.003. PMC   5854914 . PMID   29556409.
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