Terminalia paniculata

Last updated

Terminalia paniculata
Terminalia paniculata tree.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Combretaceae
Genus: Terminalia
Species:
T. paniculata
Binomial name
Terminalia paniculata
Roth

Terminalia paniculata is a large-sized commercial timber tree endemic to Peninsular India, commonly distributed in Karnataka and Kerala.[ citation needed ]

Terminalias are especially known for cyclic triterpenes, flavanoids and tannins and T. paniculata is the best source of tannins. The tree is commonly known as Kindal in terms of timber and Flowering Murdah in terms of ornamental purposes, locally known as Kindal (Hindi), Hanalu (Kannada), Kindal (Konkani), Vellamaruth (Malayalam), Pillai Maruth (Tamil), Pulimaddi (Telugu), Asvakarna (Sanskrit), Kinjal (Marathi), etc. Golden coloured flowers and deep red coloured fruits of T. paniculata give splendid colouration to the entire forest area due to the formation of a large number of flowers and fruits in a single individual and population dominance. Species were recently neotypified by the Botanical Survey of India. [1]

Bark of Terminalia paniculata Terminalia paniculata bark.jpg
Bark of Terminalia paniculata
Flowers Terminalia Paniculata flowers.jpg
Flowers

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Persimmon</span> Edible fruit

The persimmon is the edible fruit of a number of species of trees in the genus Diospyros. The most widely cultivated of these is the Oriental persimmon, Diospyros kaki – Diospyros is in the family Ebenaceae, and a number of non-persimmon species of the genus are grown for ebony timber. In 2019, China produced 75% of the world total of persimmons.

<i>Koelreuteria paniculata</i> Species of flowering plant

Koelreuteria paniculata is a species of flowering plant in the family Sapindaceae, native to eastern Asia. It was introduced in Europe in 1747, and to America in 1763, and has become a popular landscape tree worldwide. Common names include goldenrain tree, pride of India, China tree, and the varnish tree.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Combretaceae</span> Family of flowering plants

The Combretaceae, often called the white mangrove family, are a family of flowering plants in the order Myrtales. The family includes about 530 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas in ca 10 genera. The family includes the leadwood tree, Combretum imberbe. Three genera, Conocarpus, Laguncularia, and Lumnitzera, grow in mangrove habitats (mangals). The Combretaceae are widespread in the subtropics and tropics. Some members of this family produce useful construction timber, such as idigbo from Terminalia ivorensis. The commonly cultivated Quisqualis indica is now placed in the genus Combretum. Many plants in the former Quisqualis genus contain the excitotoxin quisqualic acid, a potent AMPA agonist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests</span> Ecoregion in India

The South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests is a tropical dry forest ecoregion in southern India. The ecoregion lies in the southernmost portion of the Deccan Plateau, and includes the southernmost portion of the Eastern Ghats.

<i>Terminalia catappa</i> Species of plant

Terminalia catappa is a large tropical tree in the leadwood tree family, Combretaceae, native to Asia, Australia, the Pacific, Madagascar and Seychelles. Common names in English include country almond, Indian almond, Malabar almond, sea almond, tropical almond, beach almond and false kamani.

<i>Terminalia bellirica</i> Species of flowering plant

Terminalia bellirica, known as baheda, bahera, behada, beleric or bastard myrobalan, Persian بلیله (Balileh), Sanskrit: Vibhītaka बिभीतक, Aksha अक्ष) is a large deciduous tree in the Combretaceae family. It is common on the plains and lower hills in South and Southeast Asia, where it is also grown as an avenue tree. The basionym is Myrobalanus bellirica Gaertn.. William Roxburgh transferred M. bellirica to Terminalia as "T. bellerica (Gaertn.) Roxb.". This spelling error is now widely used, causing confusion. The correct name is Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb.

<i>Syzygium cumini</i> Species of tree

Syzygium cumini, commonly known as Malabar plum, Java plum, black plum, jamun, jaman, jambul, or jambolan, is an evergreen tropical tree in the flowering plant family Myrtaceae, and favored for its fruit, timber, and ornamental value. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, including Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and the Andaman Islands. It can reach heights of up to 30 metres (98 ft) and can live more than 100 years. A rapidly growing plant, it is considered an invasive species in many world regions.

<i>Lagerstroemia speciosa</i> Species of plant

Lagerstroemia speciosa is a species of Lagerstroemia native to tropical southern Asia. It is a deciduous tree with bright pink to light purple flowers.

<i>Terminalia chebula</i> Species of flowering plant

Terminalia chebula, commonly known as black- or chebulic myrobalan, is a species of Terminalia, native to South Asia from India and Nepal east to southwest China (Yunnan), and south to Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Vietnam.

<i>Nothofagus truncata</i> Species of tree

Nothofagus truncata, or hard beech, is a species of tree endemic to New Zealand. Its common name derives from the fact that the timber has a high silica content, making it tough and difficult to saw. Hard beech is a tree up to 30m tall occurring in lowland and lower montane forest from latitude 35°S to 42°30'S, that is, from the north of the North Island southwards to Marlborough and south Westland in the South Island. In Taranaki it forms almost pure stands on the rugged sandstone country there and is partially deciduous, dropping many of its leaves at the end of the winter. N. truncata became known as Fuscospora truncata after 2013 in New Zealand.

<i>Murraya paniculata</i> Species of plant

Murraya paniculata, commonly known as orange jasmine, orange jessamine, china box or mock orange, is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Rutaceae and is native to South Asia, Southeast Asia and Australia. It has smooth bark, pinnate leaves with up to seven egg-shaped to elliptical leaflets, fragrant white or cream-coloured flowers and oval, orange-red berries containing hairy seeds.

<i>Mangifera indica</i> Species of flowering plant in the cashew family Anacardiaceae

Mangifera indica, commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a large fruit tree, capable of growing to a height of 30 metres. There are two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes – the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type".

<i>Eucalyptus paniculata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus paniculata, commonly known as grey ironbark, is a species of tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has dark-coloured, deeply furrowed ironbark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven on a branched peduncle, white flowers and conical, hemispherical or cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Oroxylum indicum</i> Species of tree

Oroxylum indicum is a species of flowering plant belonging to the monotypic genus Oroxylum and the family Bignoniaceae, and is commonly called Indian trumpet tree, oroxylum, Indian trumpet flower, broken bones, Indian caper, scythe tree or tree of Damocles. It can reach a height of 18 metres (59 ft). Various segments of the tree are used in traditional medicine, where it is known as Shyonaka or Sona Patha.

<i>Terminalia arjuna</i> Species of tree

Terminalia arjuna is a tree of the genus Terminalia. It is commonly known as arjuna or arjun tree in English.

Terminalia richii, with the common name malili, is an upright forest tree species native to the central South Pacific in Oceania.

<i>Eucalyptus astringens</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus astringens, commonly known as brown mallet or to Noongar people as mallat, woonert or wurnert, is a tree that is endemic to the South West region of Western Australia. It has smooth, shiny bark on its trunk and branches, lance-shaped leaves, pendulous flower buds arranged in groups of seven, cream-coloured to pale lemon-coloured flowers and cup-shaped to bell-shaped or conical fruit. This tree has also been introduced to Victoria.

<i>Bhesa indica</i> Species of flowering plant

Bhesa indica is a flowering plant tree species in the Centroplacaceae family. It is distributed along the tropical wet evergreen forests of the Western Ghats of India. It is considered synonymous with Bhesa paniculata by some authors.

<i>Terminalia phillyreifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Terminalia phillyreifolia is an Asian species of tree in the family Combretaceae. It has been called buttontree or yon. It is a medium-sized tree found in both primary and secondary tropical and sub-tropical forests. It is recorded from India to China, south to Thailand and Vietnam. It may be one of the dominant species of deciduous forests of Vietnam. In Yunnan it is found in rocky limestone areas, near sea level to 700 m (2,300 ft).

<i>Diospyros paniculata</i>

Diospyros paniculata, or the panicle-flowered ebony, is a species of tree in the ebony family. Endemic to the Western Ghats area of India and parts of Bangladesh, the species is currently listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List.

References

  1. Chakrabarty, Tapas; Kumar, Venkatachalam Sampath (2017-10-20). "Neotypification of Terminalia paniculata (Combretaceae)". Phytotaxa. 326 (1): 88. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.326.1.9. ISSN   1179-3163.