Tetraphenyltin

Last updated
Tetraphenyltin
Tetraphenyltin.png
Names
IUPAC name
Tetraphenylstannane [1]
Other names
  • Tetraphenyltin
  • Tin tetraphenyl [2] [1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.008.977 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 209-872-9
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/4C6H5.Sn/c4*1-2-4-6-5-3-1;/h4*1-5H;
    Key: CRHIAMBJMSSNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • C1=CC=C(C=C1)[Sn](C2=CC=CC=C2)(C3=CC=CC=C3)C4=CC=CC=C4
Properties
Sn(C6H5)4
Molar mass 427.134 g·mol−1
AppearanceWhite crystalline solid [1] [3]
Density 1.49 g/cm3 [4]
Melting point 224 to 227 °C (435 to 441 °F; 497 to 500 K) [5]
Boiling point 420 °C (788 °F; 693 K) [5]
Insoluble
Solubility Toluene, ethanol, chloroform, [6] xylene [4]
Structure
Tetrahedral at Sn
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Neurotoxin. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. May create explosive mixtures with air. [5]
GHS labelling:
GHS-pictogram-skull.svg GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg
Danger
H301, H311, H330, H331, H410
P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P310, P311, P312, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
Flash point 111 °C (232 °F) [5]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
0.1 mg/m3, as Sn [3]
Related compounds
Other anions
Other cations
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Tetraphenyltin is an organotin compound with the chemical formula Sn(C 6 H 5)4, often abbreviated as SnPh4, where Ph is phenyl. It is a white crystalline solid. [1] [5]

Contents

Preparation

Tetraphenyltin can be prepared in high yield by the reaction of chlorobenzene, tin(IV) chloride and sodium metal in dry toluene. [6]

2 Na + C6H5Cl → C6H5Na + NaCl
4 C6H5Na + SnCl4 → Sn(C6H5)4 + 4 NaCl

Uses

Tetraphenyltin is used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions. [1] It is a stabilizer in chlorinated transformer oils. [4]

Safety

Tetraphenyltin is potential endocrine disrupting compound. It is a neurotoxin. [1] It is very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. It is toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. It is dangerous to eyes. It is flammable. The result of combustion is carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and tin oxides (e.g. SnO2 ). Vapors of combustion are heavier than air and may spread along floors. Tetraphenyltin vapor forms explosive mixtures with air on intense heating. [5] Its vapor density is 14.7 times greater than air. [4] It is an irritant. [3]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Tetraphenyl tin". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
  2. ↑ "Tetraphenyltin | C24H20Sn". www.chemspider.com.
  3. 1 2 3 "Tetraphenyltin - Hazardous Agents | Haz-Map". www.haz-map.com.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Tetraphenyltin CAS#: 595-90-4". www.chemicalbook.com.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Safety Data Sheet - Tetraphenyltin". www.sigmaaldrich.com.
  6. 1 2 "Synthesis and Characterization of Tetraphenyltin | UKEssays.com". www.ukessays.com.
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