Thelypodium stenopetalum

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Thelypodium stenopetalum
Thelypodiumstenopetalum.jpg
Status TNC G1.svg
Critically Imperiled  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Brassicales
Family: Brassicaceae
Genus: Thelypodium
Species:
T. stenopetalum
Binomial name
Thelypodium stenopetalum

Thelypodium stenopetalum is a rare species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names slenderpetal thelypody, [1] slender-petaled thelypodium and slender-petaled mustard. It is endemic to the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California, where it is known from only three or four extant occurrences in moist mountain meadows near Big Bear Lake. [2] Its remaining habitat is considered seriously threatened and the plant is a federally listed endangered species in the United States. [2] [3]

Contents

Description

Thelypodium stenopetalum is a biennial herb producing decumbent stems up to about 80 centimeters long. The branching stems are hairless, waxy in texture, and greenish to purple in color. The basal leaves have thick, oblong to lance-shaped blades up to 15 centimeters long with smooth or rippled edges. Leaves higher on the plant have much smaller blades which may clasp the stem at their bases.

The inflorescence is an erect, open raceme of widely spaced flowers. The petals are usually lavender, or occasionally white, and are narrow and linear in shape, sometimes crinkled. The fruit is a narrow, cylindrical silique up to 5 centimeters long.

Habitat

This plant is threatened by the destruction of its very limited mountain meadow habitat, which is being claimed for development and degraded by recreation, grazing, and introduced weedy plants. [2] Changes in hydrology and soil quality impact the plant. [4] Much of its historical habitat is thought to have disappeared when the Big Bear Dam was built over a century ago, expanding Big Bear Lake by flooding adjacent land. [4]

Thelypodium stenopetalum can sometimes be found growing near pebble plain habitat, which contains several other rare plant species. [4]

This mustard is a food plant for the larva of the rare endemic Andrew's marble butterfly (Euchloe hyantis andrewsi). [4]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Pyrrocoma uniflora</i> Species of plant

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<i>Stellaria nitens</i> Species of flowering plant in the carnation family Caryophyllaceae

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Streptanthus barbiger is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name bearded jewelflower. It is endemic to California, where it is limited to the North Coast Ranges. It grows in woodlands and chaparral habitat, often on serpentine soils. It is an annual herb producing a branching stem up to about 80 centimeters in maximum height. Leaves near the base of the stem are lance-shaped to oval and pointed, usually with toothed edges, the blades measuring up to 7 centimeters long. Leaves higher on the stem may be longer but are narrower and have smooth edges. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has a spherical to urn-shaped calyx of greenish yellow or purple sepals under a centimeter long. Whitish or purple-tinged petals up to a centimeter long emerge from the tip. The fruit is a long, flat, curving silique which may be 7 centimeters in length.

Streptanthus brachiatus is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Socrates Mine jewelflower. It is endemic to the Inner North Coast Ranges of California north of the San Francisco Bay Area. It can be found in chaparral and woodland habitat, often on serpentine soils, in Sonoma, Lake, and Napa Counties. It is a biennial herb producing a branching stem up to about 60 centimeters in maximum height. There is a basal rosette of fleshy purple-green leaves around the base, each with a sharp-toothed, widely lance-shaped blade up to 4 centimeters long. Leaves higher on the stem vary in shape. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has an urn-shaped calyx of keeled yellowish or purplish sepals just under a centimeter long. White, purple, or purple-veined white petals emerge from the tip. The fruit is a thin, narrow silique which may be up to 6 centimeters in length.

Streptanthus breweri is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Brewer's jewelflower. It is endemic to California, where it can be found in the coastal mountain ranges from the Klamath Mountains south to the San Francisco Bay Area. Its habitat includes chaparral and woodlands, usually on serpentine soils. It is an annual herb producing an erect, branching stem up to about 80 centimeters in maximum height. It is hairless except for fine hairs on some of the inflorescence parts, and it may be waxy in texture. The basal leaves have oval blades borne on petioles, and the lance-shaped leaves farther up the stem clasp it at their bases. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem, sometimes in a zig-zagging, one-sided array. Each has an urn-shaped calyx of keeled greenish or purplish sepals under a centimeter long. White, purple, or purple-veined white petals emerge from the tip. The fruit is a narrow, curved silique which may be 9 to 11 centimeters in length.

<i>Streptanthus diversifolius</i> Species of flowering plant

Streptanthus diversifolius is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name variableleaf jewelflower, or varied-leaved jewelflower. It is endemic to California, where it is limited to the Sierra Nevada foothills. It is a resident of woodlands and other foothill habitat. It is an annual herb producing a hairless, waxy stem up to a meter tall. The basal leaves are variable in shape and are often divided into narrow, threadlike segments. Leaves higher on the stem are also variable, having round to lance-shaped blades which clasp the stem at their bases. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem, with one or two leaflike bracts at the base of the raceme. Each flower has an urn-shaped calyx of keeled sepals about half a centimeter long and white, yellowish, or purple in color, sometimes with white edging. White, purple-veined petals emerge from the tip. The fruit is a thin, flat, curving silique which may be 8 or 9 centimeters in length.

Streptanthus gracilis is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name alpine jewelflower.

Streptanthus howellii is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Howell's jewelflower. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of southern Oregon and northern California. It grows in mountain forests on serpentine soils. It is a perennial herb producing a hairless, often waxy-textured stem up to 70 or 80 centimeters in maximum length. It is generally unbranched. The ephemeral basal leaves have fleshy oval blades with smooth or toothed edges, borne on petioles. Leaves farther up the stem are similar but smaller and narrower, with shorter petioles or none. They do not clasp the stem. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has a calyx of purple sepals under a centimeter long with purple-tipped yellow petals emerging from the tip. The fruit is a thin, smooth, curved silique up to 12 centimeters long.

<i>Streptanthus longisiliquus</i> Species of flowering plant

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Thelypodium brachycarpum is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names shortpod thelypody and short-podded thelypodium. It is native to parts of northern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in several types of habitat, including alkaline wetlands and serpentine soils.

Thelypodium flexuosum is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name nodding thelypody. It is native to the Great Basin and surrounding plateau habitat in the northwestern United States, from California and Nevada to Idaho.

<i>Thelypodium laciniatum</i> Species of flowering plant

Thelypodium laciniatum is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name cutleaf thelypody. It is native to western North America, particularly the Great Basin and surrounding plateau and foothill habitat, where it grows on dry rocky cliffs and hillsides in sagebrush and scrub, usually below 2,400 metres (8,000 ft) elevation.

<i>Thelypodium milleflorum</i> Species of flowering plant

Thelypodium milleflorum is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names manyflower thelypody and many-flowered thelypodium. It is native to western North America, particularly the Great Basin and surrounding plateau, desert, and foothill habitat, where it grows in sagebrush and scrub.

Boechera yorkii is a rare species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Last Chance rockcress. It is endemic to Inyo County, California, where it is known only from the Last Chance Range in Death Valley National Park. There are only two occurrences known, but the plant occurs in remote, nearly inaccessible mountain territory, so more plants may exist unobserved. The species was only described to science in 2004. Its habitat is rocky mountain canyons on cliffs of dolomite.

Thelypodium eucosmum is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names arrow-leaf thelypody and world thelypody. It is endemic to Oregon in the United States, where it is known from Grant and Wheeler Counties. There are also historical records of the plant from Baker County.

References

  1. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Thelypodium stenopetalum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 The Nature Conservancy
  3. California Native Plant Society Rare Plant Profile
  4. 1 2 3 4 USFWS. Recovery Plan for the Pedate Checkermallow and the Slender-petaled Mustard. 1998