Thiruvisanallur Sivayoginathar Temple

Thiruvisanallur Sivayoginathar Temple
Religion
Affiliation	Hinduism
District	Tanjore
Deity	Sivayoganatha Swamy(Shiva) Soundaranayagi (Parvathi) 4 bairavas 1.gnana kaalabairava 2.swarnaakarshana bairava 3.unmaktha bairava 4.yoga kaalabairava
Features	Tower: 05 Temple tank: Jata,cauvery,rishaba,chakra,lakshmi,ganga, saraswati ,brahma 8 Theertham Temple tree: magizha,aala,Arasa,vanni,nelli,nallatthi,punnai.8 vruksham
Location
Location	Thiruvisanallur, Tamil Nadu, India
State	Tamil Nadu
Country	India
Location in Tamil Nadu
Geographic coordinates	11°0′N79°27′E / 11.000°N 79.450°E / 11.000; 79.450
Architecture
Type	Tamil architecture
Direction of façade	east TEMPLE timings = morning 7:30am-12 noon Evening = 4:30pm to 7:30pm Timings should vary on special poojas

Sivayoginathar Temple also known as Yoganandeswarar temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located in is located in Thiruvisanallur in Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. Shiva is worshiped as purathaneshwarar in krutha yuga,yoganandheeswarar in threytha yuga,vilvaaranyeshwarar in dhwabara yuga and Sivayoganathar in kali yuga , and is represented by the lingam and his consort Parvati is depicted as soundhara nayaki or shantha Nayagi. And the bala shani bagavan also there for first 2.5 years shani dosha The presiding deity is revered in the 7th century Tamil Saiva canonical work, the Tevaram , written by Tamil poet saints known as the nayanars thirugnanasambandhar and appar swamy and classified as Paadal Petra Sthalam .

There are many inscriptions associated with the temple indicating contributions from pandiyas Cholas, Thanjavur Nayaks and Thanjavur Marathas. The oldest parts of the present masonry structure were built during the Chola dynasty in the 9th century, while later expansions, are attributed to later periods, up to the Thanjavur Nayaks during the 16th century.

The temple house a five-tiered gateway tower known as gopurams . The temple has numerous shrines, with those of Sivayoginathar and Soundaranayagi being the most prominent. The temple complex houses many halls and three precincts. The temple has four daily rituals at various times from 7:30 a.m to 12 noon, 4:30p.m to 7:30, and five yearly festivals on its calendar. The Aippasi mahothsavam festival when the deities of pancha moorthi 1.Vinayaka 2.valli devasena sametha subramanya , 3.somaskanda 4.amman.5.chandikeshwarar all five (pancha moorthis going to river cauvery for theerthavaari)is the major festival in the temple. The temple is now maintained and administered by Thanjavur palace devasthanam &Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu.

Legend

Panel on the second precinct showing Dakshinamurthy

As per Hindu legend, a king belonging to present day Kerala had illicit relation with lot of women. He also tortured and cheated many of them. At one stage, the king wanted to restore to a decent life and found a yogi who advised him to visit Thiruvisanallur. The king reached the place, had a dip in river Cauvery and worshipped Sivayoginathar to get rid of his curse. The legend leads to the belief that whoever incurs curse of women, gets curative visiting the temple. As per another legend, Nandi (the sacred bull of Shiva) got rid of Yama (Hindu god of death), who was approaching a worshipper of Shiva. This legend leads to the belief that a visit to the place is a curative to death related fears. ^[1]

As per popular legend, a devotee who served in the temple of Tirumankalakkuti died there. He was brought back to life by the divine grace of Soundaranayagi. Brahma, who was born as the son of Vishnusarma, performed penance at this place along with his seven brothers and merged with the deity. ^[2]

Architecture

Image of the clock

Thiruvisanallur can be traced to the time of the Medieval Cholas having 97 inscriptions dating back to Parantaka I, Rajaraja Chola I and Rajendra Chola II. ^[3] In modern times, the temple is now maintained and administered by Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu. ^[4]

The Sivayoginathar Temple is believed to be built at the spot where eight Siva yogis attained salvation and merged with the lingam . The shrine is dedicated to Chatur Kala Bhairava, one of the four Bhairavas. The temple has a 5 tier rajagopuram with a large temple complex. The temple was erected during the Parantaka I reign 907-955 A.D. The sanctum is akin to Vaprabandha type with Arthapadma, a feature not mentioned in Vastu Shastra texts. The beautiful large vyalas in the prathimukha are among the most powerfully conceived of their kind. It is of modest proportions and consists of the sanctuary and its attached mandapam (hall). The two cover a total length of 15.3m, with its vimana measuring about 15.3m. The mandapam is a hall of 4 central pillars, and a vestibule provided at its back, leading to the sanctum, which is a square chamber of 3.7m. The lion motif is absent in the pillars though it reappeared in friezes where ever suited. The pillars in the interior are typical of Chola art. The usual deities are enshrined in the central niches outside the wall of the sanctum. The toranas over the south and west niches are of good workmanship, especially that on the west, which is perhaps the finest in South India ^[5]

Religious importance and worship practices

Images of shrines of the temple

The temple is revered in the verses of Tevaram, the 7th century Saivite canonical work by the three saint poets, namely, Appar, Sambandar and Sundarar. As the temple is revered in Tevaram, it is classified as Paadal Petra Sthalam , one of the 276 temples that find mention in the Saiva canon this temple was(padal petra 43 cauvery vadakarai sthalam 43 temple in cauver north revered temple. ^[6] The temple is counted as one of the temples built on the northern banks of River Kaveri. ^[7]

The temple priests perform the puja (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. Like other Shiva temples of Tamil Nadu, the priests belong to the Shaiva community, a Brahmin sub-caste. The temple rituals are performed four times a day; Kalasanthi at 9:00 a.m., Uchikalam at 12:00.noon p.m., Sayarakshai at 5:30 p.m., and Ardha Jamam at 7:30 p.m. Each ritual comprises four steps: on kala santhi and sayaraksha had abhisheka (sacred bath), alangaram (decoration), naivethanam (food offering) and deepa aradanai (waving of lamps) for both Sivayoginathar and Soundaranayagi. The worship is held amidst music with nadaswaram (pipe instrument) and tavil (percussion instrument), religious instructions in the Vedas (sacred texts) read by priests and prostration by worshipers in front of the temple mast. There are weekly rituals like somavaram (Monday) and sukravaram (Friday), fortnightly rituals like pradosham and monthly festivals like amavasai (new moon day), kiruthigai, pournami (full moon day) and sathurthi. Thei pirai shtami valarpirai ashtami special homa abishekakam for chaturkala bairavar,first 2.5 years shani dosha special abishekam for baala shani Mahotsavam during the Tamil month of November aippasi kadai muzhukku pancha moorthi purappadusomavaram (September – October), Thiruvadhirai during the month of Margazhi (December – January) and Annabhishekam during the Tamil month of Masi are the major festivals celebrated in the temple. The Aipassi mahotsavam festival is the major festival in the temple when there is Panchamurthi procession. The Chittirai 01,02,03 festival is celebrated for three days when Sunlight falls directly on the presiding deity. ^[8]

Palace Devasthanam

Thanjavur Palace Devasthanam comprises 88 temples, of which this temple is the one. They are combined and maintained share administrated with Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu. ^{[9] [10] [11]}

References

1. Sharma, Sridhara (2007). Kumbakonam Azhaikkirathu. New Horizon Media. pp. 20–23. ISBN   9788183682244.
2. R., Dr. Vijayalakshmy (2001). An introduction to religion and Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam (1st ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. p. 408.
3. P. V. Jagadisa Ayyar (1920). South Indian shrines: illustrated. Madras Times Printing and Pub. Co. pp. 333–341.
4. "Thirukoil - Temple list of Tamil Nadu" (PDF). Hindu Religious & Charitable Endowments Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. p. 244. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2020. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
5. Temples of South India P.113. V.V. Subba Reddy
6. "campantar tEvAram -2" (PDF). projectmadurai.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
7. Ka. Vi., Kannan (2019). River cauvery the most battl(r)ed. Notion Press. p. 42. ISBN   9781684666041.
8. "Sri Sivayoginathar temple". Dinamalar. 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
9. Thanjavur Palace Devasthanam, Thanjavur 613 009
10. தஞ்சாவூர் அரண்மனை தேவஸ்தானத்தைச் சேர்ந்த ஆலயங்கள், தஞ்சை இராஜராஜேச்சரம் திருக்குட நன்னீராட்டுப் பெருவிழா மலர், 1997
11. J.M.Somasundaram Pillai, The Great Temple at Tanjore, [Tanjore Palace Devastanams, II Edn 1958] Rpt 1994, Tamil University, Thanjavur