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Shiva is a Hindu deity. As one of the Trimurti (supreme trinity) in the Hindu pantheon among Brahma and Vishnu, there are a number of temples dedicated to his worship in India and abroad. In Hinduism, Shiva is the supreme being regarded to perform the functions of creation, preservation, as well as the destruction of the universe. [1] Hindu texts describe the worship of Shiva and the establishment of temples and shrines throughout the Indian subcontinent, commonly in the aniconic form of a lingam. The most prominent of these are the Jyotirlinga temples. [2]
The 12 Jyotirlinga temples as mentioned in the Shiva Purana are :- [3]
In South India, five temples of Shiva are held to be particularly important, as being manifestations of him in the five elemental substances.
The Pancharama Kshetras (or the Pancharamas) are five ancient Hindu temples of Shiva situated in Andhra Pradesh. The lingams at these temples are made from a single lingam. As per the legend, this lingam was owned by the demon king Tarakasura. No one could win over him due to the power of this lingam. Finally, Kartikeya, the son of Shiva broke the lingam into five pieces and killed Tarakasura. The five pieces of lingam fell at five different places on earth namely,
Arama Name | Shiva's Name | Consort Name | Location |
---|---|---|---|
Amararama | Amaralingeswara Swamy | Bala Chamundika Ammavaru | Amaravathi village, Andhra Pradesh |
Draksharama | Bhimesvara Swamy | Manikyamba Ammavaru | Draksharama, Andhra Pradesh |
Somarama | Someswara Swamy | Sri Rajarajeswari Ammavaru | Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh |
Ksheerarama | Ksheera Ramalingeswara Swamy | Parvati Ammavaru | Palakollu, Andhra Pradesh |
Bhimarama | Kumara Bhimeswara Swamy | Bala Tripurasundari Ammavaru | Samalkota, Andhra Pradesh |
The five temples located in Tamil Nadu where Shiva is believed to perform the tandava dance are:
Sabha | Temple | Location |
---|---|---|
Pon (Gold) Sabha | Natarajar Temple | Chidambaram |
Velli (Silver) Sabha | Meenakshi Temple | Madurai |
Thamira (Copper) Sabha | Nellaiappar Temple | Tirunelveli |
Rathna (Gem) Sabha | Sri Vadaranyeswarar Temple | Thiruvalangadu |
Chitira (Picture) Sabha | Kutraleeswar Temple | Kutralam |
Temple | Deity | Commemorates | Location |
---|---|---|---|
Veerateeswarar Temple, Thirukovilur | Veerateeswarar | Shiva slaying Andhakasura in the form of Andhakasuramurti | Tirukoilur |
Veerateeswarar Temple, Thiruvathigai | Veerateeswarar | Shiva killing Tripurasura and destroying the three cities in the form of Tripurantaka | Panruti |
Veerateeswarar Temple, Korukkai | Veerateeswarar | Shiva burning Kamadeva with his third eye in the form of Kamari | Mayiladuthurai |
Kandeeswarar Temple, Kandiyur | Brahmasirakandeeswarar | Shiva decapitating the fifth head of Brahma in the form of Bhairava | Thanjavur |
Amritaghateswarar-Abirami Temple, Thirukkadaiyur | Amritaghateswarar | Shiva defeating Yama and blessing Markandeya to remain a youth of 16 in the form of Kalantaka | Thirukkadaiyur |
Veerateeswarar Temple, Thirupariyalur | Veerateeswarar | Shiva beheading Daksha and destroyed Daksha Yajna in the form of Virabhadra | Mayiladuthurai |
Veerateeswarar Temple, Vazhuvur | Veerateeswarar | Shiva killing Gajasura in the form of Gajasurasamhara | Mayiladuthurai |
Veerateeswarar Temple, Thiruvirkudi | Veerateeswarar | Shiva killing Jalandhara in the form of Jalandharari | Mayiladuthurai |
Sabha | Temple | Location |
---|---|---|
Sani Parihara Sthalam | Tirunallar Saniswaran Temple | Thirunallaru, Puducherry |
Sani Parihara Sthalam | Sri Darbarneeswarar Temple | Devasthanam |
Shani Parihara | Chenchadainathar Shiva Temple | Sayalkudi, Tamil Nadu |
Shani Parihara | Sri Mandeswara Swamy Vari Devasthanam | East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh|- |
Kashiswar Jiu temple is in Andul of Howrah district near the Saraswati river, West Bengal in India. The presiding deity is a Banlinga which was recovered from the river in mid 17th century by Kashiswar Datta Chowdhury, a local zamindar. In 18th century a stone made yoni-like structure (Gauripatta) that symbolizes goddess Shakti has been attached with the lingam after Bargi attacked in 1741 AD. The deity is considered to be one of the oldest in the district.
Deities | Year |
---|---|
Biseshwara | 1785 AD |
Nakuleshwara | 19th century circa |
Saurendra Mohaneshwara | 18th century circa |
The temples are presently run by SrisriKashiswar Debottur Trust.
BhimashankarMandir is a Shiva mandir situated in its eponymous village, Bhimashankar, in Pune district of Maharashtra. It is a key pilgrimage centre and one of the 12 Jyotirlinga in the world. The temple's Shiva lingam is one of the three Jyotirlinga of Maharashtra. The mandir is situated on a mountain. It is 110 kilometers away from Pune. The temple's vicinity has rare plant and animal species. The mandir is located in Khed taluka, in the Bhimashankar forest range.
Maha Shivaratri is a Hindu festival celebrated annually in honour of the deity Shiva, between February and March. According to the Hindu calendar, the festival is observed on the fourteenth day of the first half of the lunar month of Phalguna. The festival commemorates the wedding of Shiva and Parvati, and the occasion that Shiva performs his divine dance, called the Tandava.
Omkareshwar is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva, located in Mandhata, nearby Khandwa city in Khandwa district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is one of the 12 revered Jyotirlinga shrines of Shiva. It is on an island called Mandhata, near Khandwa city in the Narmada river at Khandwa district in Madhya Pradesh, India; the shape of the island is said to be like the Devanagari ॐ symbol.
Kashi Vishwanath Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva. It is located in Vishwanath Gali, in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. The temple is a Hindu pilgrimage site and is one of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines. The presiding deity is known by the names Vishwanath and Vishweshwara, literally meaning Lord of the Universe.
Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva and is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas, shrines which are said to be the most sacred abodes of Shiva. It is located in the ancient city of Ujjain in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. The temple is situated on the side of the holy river Shipra. The presiding deity, Shiva in the lingam form is believed to be Swayambhu, deriving currents of power (Shakti) from within itself as against the other images and lingams that are ritually established and invested with mantra-shakti.
Prabhas Patan, also known as Somnath Patan, historically named Dev Patan, is locality situated in Veraval, Gir Somnath district in Saurashtra region of Gujarat, India. Somnath temple, a place of pilgrimage due to its importance as Jyotirlinga site dedicated to Shiva, is located here.
Dakshinamurti is an aspect of the Hindu god Shiva as a guru (teacher). He is regarded to be the personification of the supreme or the ultimate awareness, understanding, and knowledge. Dakshinamurti represents Shiva as a teacher of yoga, music, and wisdom, offering an exposition of the Shastras. He is worshipped as the god of wisdom and meditation.
Haidergarh is a town and a nagar panchayat in the Barabanki district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Ramanathaswamy Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva located on Rameswaram island in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It is also one of the twelve Jyotirlinga temples. It is one of the 275 Paadal Petra Sthalams, where Nayanars, Appar, Sundarar and Tirugnana Sambandar, have glorified the temple with their songs. The temple was expanded during the 12th century by the Pandya Dynasty, and its principal shrine’s sanctum was renovated by Jeyaveera Cinkaiariyan and his successor Gunaveera Cinkaiariyan, monarchs of the Jaffna kingdom. The temple has the longest corridor among all Hindu temples in India. It was built by King Muthuramalinga Sethupathiy. The temple, located in Rameswaram, is considered a holy pilgrimage site for Shaivites, Vaishnavites and Smarthas. Mythological accounts depict the presiding deity, the Lingam of Ramanathaswamy (Shiva), as having been established and worshiped by Rama, before he crossed his bridge to the present-day island of Sri Lanka. It is one of the Char Dham pilgrimage sites.
Baidyanath Temple, also called Baba Baidyanath Dham, is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva. It is located in Deoghar, in the Santhal Parganas division of the Indian state of Jharkhand. The temple complex comprises the central shrine of Baba Baidyanath along with 21 additional temples.
In Hinduism, the yatra (pilgrimage) to the tirthas has special significance for earning the punya needed to attain the moksha (salvation) by performing the darśana, the parikrama (circumambulation), the yajna, the Dhyana, the puja (worship), the prarthana, the dakshina, the seva, the bhandara, etc. These sacred places are usually located on the banks of sacred waters, such as sacred rivers or their tributaries, the kundas, the ghats, or the stepwells, or the temple tanks.
Shree Moteshwar Mahadev, also known as Shree Bheem Shankar Mahadev, is an abode of Lord Shiva in Kashipur of Uttarakhand state, India. This place was known as the Dakini State in ancient days.
Sri Bhramaramba Mallikarjuna Temple or Srisailam Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to the deities Shiva and Parvati, located at Srisailam in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
A Jyotirlinga or Jyotirlingam, is a devotional representation of the Hindu god Shiva. The word is a Sanskrit compound of jyotis ('radiance') and linga ('sign'). The Śiva Mahāpurāṇam mentions 64 original jyotirlinga shrines in India.
In religion and spirituality, a pilgrimage is a very long journey or search of great moral significance. Sometimes, it is a journey to a sacred area or shrine of importance to innate faith. Members of every major religion participate in pilgrimages. A person who makes such a journey is called a pilgrim.
Sundersi is a town in the Shajapur District of Madhya Pradesh known for its Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga temple which mirrors the one in Ujjain.The town is situated at the banks of Kalisindh river.