Thomas Mill and Miller's House | |
Location | 130 West Lincoln Hwy. Exton, Pennsylvania |
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Coordinates | 40°01′12″N75°38′19″W / 40.02°N 75.638611°W |
Built | 1744–1754 |
Architect | Richard Thomas II |
Architectural style | Colonial/Federal |
NRHP reference No. | 04000468 |
Added to NRHP | May 19, 2004 |
Thomas Mill and Miller's House is a historic grist mill and adjacent dwelling in West Whiteland Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Erected between 1744 and 1754, the buildings are made of frame and stone and formed part of the extensive Thomas family holdings in the area. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 19, 2004. [1] [2]
Thomas Mill and Miller's House is part of a thematic group of National Register-listed properties affiliated with the Thomas family, including Whitford Hall, Whitford Lodge, and Ivy Cottage. The mill was built in 1744 under the supervision of Richard Thomas II (1713–1754), grandson of the one of the original Quaker colonists to whom William Penn deeded land in Pennsylvania. Richard's father, Richard Thomas I (1672–1744), probably created the plans for the mill, whose features such as an interrupted sill and double studs laid flat had been obsolete in English architecture since 1700. The post-in-ground gristmill features massive upright posts to support the upper floors, while sills connect the bays. The mill is the sole surviving example of this vernacular construction style in the mid-Atlantic region. The building rests on a fieldstone foundation (mostly limestone), while the upper story is built using timber framing. Exterior siding is riven shingle over clapboard. [2] [3]
The gristmill gained value with the construction between 1792 and 1794 of the Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike, which runs right past the mill (as of 2007 located behind a car dealership). [2] A shed covering the mill's exterior waterwheel foreshadowed the widespread use of interior waterwheels in the region after 1750. [3] Powered by a Model T engine, the mill was making apple cider as late as 1957 after two centuries of grinding corn, wheat, oats, and plaster as well as sawing lumber. [4] Most of the mill machinery remains intact despite long disuse. [5] The Thomas family owned the property through the 1980s if not later. [2] [3]
In 2007, the Daily Local News cited a study funded by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, declaring the mill "one of the oldest and most significant historic structures in the township." Conservation work was completed on the building in 2003. [4]
In 2007, dendrochronological analysis confirmed that timbers in the mill building date to 1744. [4]
Bale Grist Mill State Historic Park is a California state park located in Napa County between St. Helena and Calistoga. The park is the site of a water-powered grist mill that was built in 1846 is one of only two water-driven mills remaining west of the Mississippi River.
Richard Thomas was an American politician from Pennsylvania who served as a Federalist member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district from 1795 to 1801. He also served in the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 9th Senatorial District from 1791 to 1793.
George Washington's Gristmill was part of the original Mount Vernon plantation, constructed during the lifetime of the United States' first president. The original structure was destroyed about 1850. The Commonwealth of Virginia and the Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association have reconstructed the gristmill and the adjacent distillery. The reconstructed buildings are located at their original site three miles (4.8 km) west of the Mount Vernon mansion near Woodlawn Plantation in the Mont Vernon area of Fairfax County. Because the reconstructed buildings embody the distinctive characteristics of late eighteenth century methods of production and are of importance to the history of Virginia, the site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places despite the fact that the buildings are not original.
The Newlin Mill Complex, also referred to as The Newlin Grist Mill, is a water-powered gristmill on the west branch of Chester Creek near Concordville, Pennsylvania built in 1704 by Nathaniel and Mary Newlin and operated commercially until 1941. During its three centuries of operation, the mill has been known as the Lower Mill, the Markham Mill, the Seventeen-O-Four Mill and the Concord Flour Mill. In 1958 the mill property was bought by E. Mortimer Newlin, restored and given to the Nicholas Newlin Foundation to use as a historical park. Water power is still used to grind corn meal which is sold on site. The park includes five historical buildings, which were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, and 150 acres (61 ha) of natural woodland.
St. Peter's Church in the Great Valley is a historic Episcopal church in East Whiteland Township, Pennsylvania, a Philadelphia suburb. The church was founded in 1704 as a missionary parish of the Church of England in what was then the colonial Province of Pennsylvania. The parish is part of the Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania.
A gristmill grinds cereal grain into flour and middlings. The term can refer to either the grinding mechanism or the building that holds it. Grist is grain that has been separated from its chaff in preparation for grinding.
The Benjamin Riegel House in Riegelsville, Pennsylvania, USA, is significant as an excellent example of a vernacular Georgian style house. Riegel, a miller by trade, owned several area mills and was instrumental in the development of both this Riegelsville and Riegelsville, New Jersey. He resided in the house until his death in 1860 as did his widow until 1880. The Benjamin Riegel House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The property has been privately owned by Dr. and Mrs. Neal Azrolan since 2010.
The Spring Mill Complex, also known as the Michael Gunkle Spring Mill, is an historic, American grist mill complex that is located in East Whiteland Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.
Whitford Hall is a historic home located in West Whiteland Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Built about 1796 by Richard Thomas, the house is a 2+1⁄2-story, five-bay brick dwelling in the Federal style. It has a gable roof with dormers, service wing, and frame additions. Also on the property are a stone shed, tenant house, and carriage house. It is one of three surviving historic residences constructed by Richard Thomas, the others being Whitford Lodge and Ivy Cottage.
The Hockley Mill Farm, also known as Mt. Pleasant Mills and Frank Knauer Mill, is an historic home and grist mill which is located in Warwick Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.
The John Knauer House and Mill, also known as the Knauer Mill, is an historic American grist mill complex that is located in Warwick Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. The site is situated in the Hopewell Big Woods.
West Vincent Highlands Historic District is a national historic district located in Upper Uwchlan Township and West Vincent Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.
Embreeville Historic District is a national historic district located in Newlin Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. It encompasses 12 contributing buildings along the east and west banks of the West Branch Brandywine Creek in the village of Embreeville. It includes a variety of vernacular, banked, stuccoed stone buildings. They were largely built between about 1822 and 1842, with the earliest house built about 1760. The buildings include a farmhouse, a country store, a storekeeper's house, a blacksmith's house, a wheelwright's house and store, a grist mill known as the Embreeville Mill, a "mansion" (1856), and miller's house.
Benson Grist Mill is a restoration-replica museum located in Tooele County, Utah in the western United States, which allows visitors to see the inner workings of a latter-nineteenth-century pioneer gristmill. It has four other historic (nineteenth-century) buildings which have been moved onto the site, as well as four ancillary structures, including an open-air pavilion. It covers 6.98 acres along State Highway 138, 0.8 mile southwest of the intersection of the Road with State Highway 36. The museum is owned and operated by a division of Tooele County.
The Whitford Lodge is a historic building located in Exton in West Whiteland Township, Pennsylvania, in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. Politician and soldier Richard Thomas constructed the lodge in 1782. It is one of three surviving historic residences constructed by Thomas in West Whiteland Township, the others being Whitford Hall and Ivy Cottage.
Graves Mill, also known as Jones Mill and Beech Grove Mill, is a historic grist mill complex located near Wolftown, Madison County, Virginia. The complex includes a three-story, heavy timber frame gristmill; a two-story, log, frame, and weatherboard miller's house; and a one-story heavy timber frame barn. The gristmill was built about 1798, probably on the foundation of an earlier gristmill built about 1745. It was owned and operated by members of the Thomas Graves family for more than a century.
The Joshua Twing Gristmill is a historic industrial facility at 450 North Main Street in the city of Barre, Vermont. Built in 1844, it is a remarkably high-style example of Greek Revival architecture for an essentially utilitarian industrial structure. Joshua Twing, its builder, was engaged for many years in a variety of industrial pursuits, primarily considered with engineering improvements in water wheels and turbines. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
The Bellevue Gothic Mill is a historic gristmill located on the west bank of Battle Creek, at 218 East Mill Street in Bellevue, Michigan. It was a producing grist mill from 1854 until 1958. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. In 1977 The Stockhausen family purchased the property and began to restore the building. In 1982 The Bellevue Mill housed Michiana Hydroelectric and produce 45kW. A Michigan Historic marker was erected in 2016.
Ivy Cottage is a historic residence located in Exton, a census-designated place in West Whiteland Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Built in 1799 by politician and soldier Richard Thomas, the cottage started out as a plain stone farmhouse in the double-door Georgian style. It underwent extensive renovations and embellishments in the Queen Anne style in 1881 followed by an award-winning restoration in 2019. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 9, 2018.
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