Smolensk is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, 360 kilometers (220 mi) west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest cities in Russia. It has a population of 316,570 (2021 Census).
The Time of Troubles, also known as Smuta, was a period of political crisis in Russia which began in 1598 with the death of Feodor I, the last of the House of Rurik, and ended in 1613 with the accession of Michael I of the House of Romanov.
The Polish–Russian War was a conflict fought between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia from 1609 to 1618.
Vyazma is a town and the administrative center of Vyazemsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Vyazma River, about halfway between Smolensk, the administrative center of the oblast, and Mozhaysk. Throughout its turbulent history, it defended western approaches to Moscow. Population: 57,101 (2010 Russian census); 57,545 (2002 Census); 59,022 (1989 Soviet census); 44,000 (1970).
The siege of Smolensk, also known as the Smolensk Defense in Russia, lasted 20 months between 29 September 1609 to 13 June 1611, when the Polish army besieged the Russian city of Smolensk during the Polish–Russian War (1609–1618).
Dorogobuzh is a historic town and the administrative center of Dorogobuzhsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, straddling the Dnieper River and located 125 kilometers (78 mi) east of Smolensk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 10,720 (2010 Russian census); 12,250 (2002 Census); 12,254 (1989 Soviet census).
Demidov is a town and the administrative center of Demidovsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Kasplya River at its confluence with the Gobza River. Population: 7,333 (2010 Russian census); 8,786 (2002 Census); 10,198 (1989 Soviet census). It was previously known as Porechye.
Belarusians are a major ethnic group in Russia. At the census of 2010, 521,443 Russian citizens indicated Belarusian ancestry. Major Belarusian groups live in the regions of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Karelia and Siberia. Most Belarusians in Russia are migrants from modern Belarus or their descendants, while a minor part of Belarusians in Russia are indigenous.
The Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars were a series of wars between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, allied with the Kingdom of Poland, and the Grand Duchy of Moscow, which was later unified with other Russian principalities to eventually become the Tsardom of Russia. After several defeats at the hands of Ivan III and Vasily III, the Lithuanians were increasingly reliant on Polish aid, which eventually became an important factor in the creation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Before the first series of wars in the 15th century, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania controlled vast stretches of Eastern European land, from Kiev to Mozhaysk, following the collapse of Kievan Rus' after the Mongol invasions. Over the course of the wars, particularly in the 16th century, the Muscovites expanded their domain westwards, taking control of many principalities.
The Principality of Smolensk was a Kievan Rus' lordship from the 11th to the 16th century. Until 1127, when it passed to Rostislav Mstislavich, the principality was part of the land of Kiev. The principality gradually came under Lithuanian influence and was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1404. The principality was reorganized into the Smolensk Voivodeship in 1508. The Principality of Moscow controlled the city from 1514 to 1611, then it was recaptured by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Tsardom of Russia recaptured the city in 1654.
Glinkovsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It lies in the center of the oblast and borders with Dorogobuzhsky District in the northeast, Yelninsky District in the southeast, Pochinkovsky District in the southwest, and with Kardymovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,225.74 square kilometers (473.26 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Glinka. Population: 4,948 ; 6,149 (2002 Census); 7,866 (1989 Soviet census).
Smolensky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast and borders with Demidovsky District in the north, Dukhovshchinsky District in the northeast, Kardymovsky District in the east, Pochinkovsky District in the south, Monastyrshchinsky District in the southwest, Krasninsky District in the west, and with Rudnyansky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,494.98 square kilometers (963.32 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Smolensk. Population: 44,964 ; 47,281 (2002 Census); 50,620 (1989 Soviet census).
The siege of Smolensk of 1514 took place during the fourth Muscovite–Lithuanian War (1512–1520).
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Minsk, Belarus.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Lviv, Ukraine.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kharkiv, Ukraine.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Pskov, Russia.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Voronezh, Russia.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kraków, Poland.
Poltava is a city on the Vorskla River in central Ukraine, in existence since the Middle Ages.
Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1387–1514
Grand Duchy of Moscow 1514–1547
Tsardom of Russia 1547–1618
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1618–1667
Russian Empire 1721–1917
Belarusian People's Republic 1918–1919
Soviet Russia 1919–1922
Soviet Union 1922–1941
Nazi Germany 1941–1943
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