Timeline of Toulon

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Toulon, France.

Prior to 20th century

• 5th C. – Catholic diocese of Toulon established. ^[1]
• 1096 – Toulon Cathedral construction begins.
• 1259 – Charles of Anjou in power. ^[1]
• 14th C. - Toulon coat of arms  [ fr ] in use.
• 1524
  • Tour Royale, Toulon (fort) built.
  • Tour Royale seized by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. ^[1]
• 1543/44 - Ottoman wintering in Toulon offered by Francis I of France.
• 1599 – Naval arsenal and shipyard built.
• 18th C. - Toulon Cathedral construction completed. ^[1]
• 1707 – Battle of Toulon (1707). ^[1]
• 1720 – Plague. ^[1]
• 1738 – Porte du Musée de la Marine (Toulon)  [ fr ] (gate) built.
• 1744 – February: Battle of Toulon fought near city. ^[1]
• 1748 – Bagne of Toulon (prison) begins operating. ^[1]
• 1788 – Saint Louis Church, Toulon  [ fr ] built. ^[2]
• 1790 – Toulon becomes part of the Var souveraineté. ^[3]
• 1793 – Siege of Toulon. ^[1] As a punishment, the Convention changes the name of the city to Port-la-Montagne,. ^[4]
• 1800 – Société des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts de Toulon  [ fr ] founded. ^[5]
• 1801 – Catholic diocese disestablished, per Concordat of 1801. ^[6]
• 1806 – Population: 28,170. ^[3]
• 1833 – Var Chamber of Commerce  [ fr ] established. ^[7]
• 1841 – Population: 45,449. ^[3]
• 1846 – Population: 62,941. ^[3]
• 1853 – Shipbuilder Société Nouvelle des Forges et Chantiers de la Méditerranée established in nearby La Seyne-sur-Mer.
• 1859 – Toulon station opens.
• 1862 – Toulon Opera hall opens on the Boulevard de Strasbourg (Toulon)  [ fr ].
• 1873
  • République du Var newspaper begins publication. ^[8]
  • Bagne of Toulon (prison) closes. ^[1]
• 1879 – Le Petit Var  [ fr ] newspaper begins publication. ^[8]
• 1884 – Cholera epidemic. ^[1]
• 1886
  • Tram  [ fr ] begins operating.
  • Société de géographie de Toulon founded. ^[9]
  • Population: 70,122. ^[10]
• 1888 – Musée d'art de Toulon  [ fr ] opens. ^[1]
• 1890 – Fountain installed in the Place de la Liberté (Toulon)  [ fr ]. ^[11]

20th century

1900s–1940s

• 1901
  • Canton de Toulon-1  [ fr ], Canton de Toulon-2  [ fr ], Canton de Toulon-3  [ fr ], and Canton de Toulon-4  [ fr ] created. ^[3]
  • Population: 101,602. ^[1]
• 1908 – Société des sciences naturelles et d'archéologie de Toulon et du Var founded. ^[9]
• 1911 – Population: 104,582. ^[12]
• 1912 – Société des Amis du Vieux Toulon et de sa Région established.
• 1920 – Stade Mayol (stadium) opens.
• 1935 – August: Violent uprisings by shipyard workers against the government's restrictive austerity policy is resulting in a large number of deaths and injuries.
• 1936 – Population: 150,310. ^[3]
• 1940 – 12–13 June: Bombing of Toulon  [ fr ] by Italian forces.
• 1942 – 27 November: Scuttling of the French fleet in Toulon.
• 1944 – Sporting Toulon Var football club formed.
• 1948 – Bazeille apartment building constructed in Port Marchand. ^[13]
• 1949 – Toulon trolleybus  [ fr ] begins operating.

1950s–1990s

• 1950 – 12 February: Communist demonstration. ^[14]
• 1957 – Lycée Dumont-d'Urville (Toulon)  [ fr; Lycée Dumont-d'Urville ] (school) founded.
• 1959 – Maurice Arreckx becomes mayor.
• 1961 – Musée des arts asiatiques de Toulon  [ fr ] opens. ^[15]
• 1964
  • A57 autoroute opens.
  • Canton de Toulon-5  [ fr ] created. ^[3]
• 1966 – Toulon–Hyères Airport opens.
• 1967 – Toulon Tournament of football begins.
• 1968 - University of Toulon founded.
• 1970 - Hôtel de Ville completed. ^[16]
• 1973
  • August: Racial unrest. ^[17]
  • Canton de Toulon-6  [ fr ], Canton de Toulon-7  [ fr ], Canton de Toulon-8  [ fr ], and Canton de Toulon-9  [ fr ] created. ^[3]
• 1975 – Population: 181,801. ^[3]
• 1979 – University of the South, Toulon-Var established.
• 1980 – Toulon Book Fair begins. ^[18]
• 1982 – Toulon becomes part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
• 1986 – March: Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regional election, 1986  [ fr ] held.
• 1989 – 15 February: Maison des Têtes de Toulon  [ fr ] explosion occurs. ^[19]
• 1990 – Population: 167,619. ^[3]
• 1992 – 16 December: Toulon bank robbery  [ fr ] occurs.
• 1995 – Jean-Marie Le Chevallier becomes mayor. ^[20]
• 1997 – Fête du livre du Var  [ fr ] (book fair) begins. ^{[21] [22]}

21st century

• 2001 – Hubert Falco becomes mayor.
• 2002
  • Toulon tunnel  [ fr ] opens on the A50 autoroute.
  • Conservatoire à rayonnement régional de Toulon  [ fr ] (school) established.
• 2003
  • Regional Réseau Mistral  [ fr ] bus begins operating.
  • Mosque established.
• 2006 – Palais des Sports de Toulon opens.
• 2010 – June: 2010 Var floods occur in vicinity of Toulon. ^[23]
• 2011
  • Théâtre Liberté  [ fr ] opens.
  • Population: 163,974.
• 2014 – 23 March: Toulon municipal election, 2014  [ fr ] held.
• 2015 – December: 2015 Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regional election held. ^[24]

See also

• Toulon history
• History of Toulon  [ fr ]
• List of mayors of Toulon  [ fr ]
• List of historic sites in Var  [ fr ]
• History of Var  [ fr ] department
• History of Provence region
• Timeline of Provence  [ fr ]

Other cities in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region:

• Timeline of Aix-en-Provence
• Timeline of Arles  [ fr ]
• Timeline of Avignon
• Timeline of Marseille
• Timeline of Nice

References

1. Britannica 1910.
2. "Patrimoine de caractère". Toulon.fr (in French). Mairie de Toulon. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
3. Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Toulon , EHESS (in French).
4. Table alphabetique et analytique des archives parlementaires, LXXXII (in French). Archives Parlementaires. p. 789. Retrieved 10 November 2023. Port-la-Montagne (Commune de). La Convention décrète que la commune de Toulon portera désormais le nom de Port-la-Montagne (4 nivôse an II — 24 décembre 1793, t. LXXXII, p. 259).
5. Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
6. "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: France". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo . Retrieved 30 November 2015.
7. United States Department of Commerce; Archibald J. Wolfe (1915). "List of Chambers". Commercial Organizations in France. USA: Government Printing Office.
8. A. de Chambure (1914). A travers la presse (in French). Paris: Fert, Albouy & cie.
9. "Sociétés savantes de France (Toulon)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques . Retrieved 30 December 2015.
10. "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590527.
11. Baedeker 1914.
12. "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
13. Jean-Charles Bruno (ed.). "Chronologie". Ensembles et résidences de la période 1945/1975 sur le territoire de Toulon Provence Méditerranée (in French). France: Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication . Retrieved 30 December 2015.
14. "2–15 February 1950". Chronology of International Events and Documents. 6. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1950. JSTOR   40545261.
15. "Musées et galeries". Toulon.fr (in French). Mairie de Toulon. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
16. "Avec l'hôtel de ville de Toulon, De Mailly prend de la hauteur". Var-martin. 8 February 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
17. Mahfoud Bennoune (January 1975). "Maghribin Workers in France". MERIP Reports (34). USA: Middle East Research and Information Project: 1–30. doi:10.2307/3011470. JSTOR   3011470.
18. "French Book Fair Writhes, Poisoned by Politics", New York Times, 22 November 1996
19. Police say 13 die in explosion, United Press International, 16 February 1989
20. "French Cold-Shoulder Riviera City", New York Times, 26 August 1995
21. "Historique" (in French). Fête du livre du Var. Archived from the original on 23 October 2011.
22. "Annuaire des structures (Ville: Toulon)" (in French). Aix-en-Provence: Agence régionale du Livre Paca. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
23. French storms and floods kill 15, Reuters, 16 June 2010
24. "Résultats élections: Toulon", Le Monde (in French), retrieved 11 April 2022

This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

• Clement Cruttwell (1793). "Toulon". Gazetteer of France. London: G.G.J. and J. Robinson. hdl:2027/njp.32101072026824.
• Abraham Rees (1819), "Toulon", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, hdl:2027/mdp.39015068382954
• "Toulon", Handbook for Travellers in France, London: John Murray, 1861
• William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Toulon". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.
• C. B. Black (1896), "Toulon", The Riviera (9th ed.), London: Adam & Charles Black
• "Toulon". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t56d64f6t.
• Hannay, David McDowall (1910). "Toulon"  . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 27 (11th ed.). pp. 98–99.
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Toulon", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776
• "Toulon", Southern France (6th ed.), Leipzig: Baedeker, 1914
• Daniel C. Haskell, ed. (1922), "Provencal literature and language, including the local history of southern France", Bulletin of the New York Public Library , vol. 26, hdl:2027/mdp.39015035117657, Local history: Toulon
• Malcolm Crook (1991). Toulon in War and Revolution: From the Ancien Régime to the Restoration, 1750–1820. Manchester University Press. ISBN   978-0-7190-3567-8.

in French

• Eusèbe Girault de Saint-Fargeau [in French] (1850). "Toulon". Guide pittoresque: portatif et complet, du voyageur en France (in French) (3rd ed.). Paris: Firmin Didot frères. p. 665. hdl:2027/uiug.30112081968700.
• Octave Teissier [in French] (1869). Histoire de Toulon au moyen âge (in French). Paris.
• "Toulon". Provence. Guides Joanne (in French). 1906. hdl:2027/uc1.$b192331.
• "Toulon". Dictionnaire Bouillet (in French) (34th ed.). 1914. hdl:2027/mdp.39015074817142.

External links

• Map of Toulon, 1999
• Items related to Toulon, various dates (via Europeana).
• Items related to Toulon, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).