Timeline of women rabbis

This is a timeline of women rabbis :

• 1930s
  • 1935: In Germany, Regina Jonas became the first woman to be ordained as a rabbi. ^[1]
• 1970s:
  • 1972: Sally Priesand became America's first female rabbi ordained by a rabbinical seminary, and the second formally ordained female rabbi in Jewish history, after Regina Jonas. ^{[2] [3] [4]}
  • 1974: Sandy Eisenberg Sasso became the first female rabbi in Reconstructionist Judaism. ^{[5] [6]}
  • 1975: Jackie Tabick, born in Dublin, became the first female rabbi in Britain. ^{[7] [8]}
  • 1975: Jackie Tabick became the first female rabbi to marry a rabbi (Larry Tabick). ^[9]
  • 1976: Michal Mendelsohn became the first presiding female rabbi in a North American congregation when she was hired by Temple Beth El Shalom in San Jose, California. ^{[10] [11]}
  • 1977: Sandy Eisenberg Sasso and her husband Dennis Sasso became the first couple to serve jointly as rabbis when they were hired by Beth-El Zedeck in Indianapolis. ^[12]
  • 1979: Linda Joy Holtzman became the first woman to serve as a rabbi for a Conservative congregation when she was hired by Beth Israel Congregation of Chester County, which was then located in Coatesville, Pennsylvania. ^[10] She had graduated in 1979 from the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College in Philadelphia, yet was hired by Beth Israel despite their being a Conservative congregation. ^[13]

• 1980s:
  • 1980: Joan Friedman became the first woman to serve as a rabbi in Canada in 1980, when she was appointed as an Assistant Rabbi at Holy Blossom Temple in Toronto. ^[14] Her appointment was followed shortly after by that of Elyse Goldstein as Assistant Rabbi from 1983 to 1986; Goldstein has been described as the first female rabbi in Canada, but that is incorrect. ^{[15] [16]}
  • 1981: Helene Ferris became the first second-career female rabbi. ^{[17] [18] [19]}
  • 1981: Lynn Gottlieb became the first female rabbi in Jewish Renewal. ^[20]
  • 1981: Bonnie Koppell became the first female rabbi to serve in the U.S. military. ^{[21] [22]} She joined the army reserves in 1978 while a rabbinical student at the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ^{[21] [22]} and was ordained in 1981. ^[23]
  • 1981: Karen Soria, born and ordained in the United States, became Australia's first female rabbi. ^{[24] [25] [26]}
  • 1984: From 1984 to 1990 Barbara Borts, born in America, was a rabbi at Radlett Reform Synagogue, making her the first woman rabbi to have a pulpit of her own in a UK Reform Judaism synagogue. ^{[27] [28]}
  • 1985: Amy Eilberg became the first female rabbi in Conservative Judaism. ^[29]
  • 1986: Amy Perlin became the first female rabbi in America to start her own congregation, Temple B'nai Shalom in Fairfax Station, which she was the founding rabbi of in 1986. ^{[30] [31]}
  • 1986: Leslie Alexander became the first female rabbi of a major Conservative Jewish synagogue in the United States in 1986 at Adat Ari El synagogue in North Hollywood. ^{[32] [33] [34]}
  • 1987: Rabbi Joy Levitt became the first female president of the Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association. ^{[35] [36]}
  • 1988: Stacy Offner became the first openly lesbian rabbi hired by a mainstream Jewish congregation (Shir Tikvah in Minneapolis). ^{[37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42]}
  • 1989: Einat Ramon, ordained in New York, became the first female native-Israeli rabbi. ^{[43] [44] [45]}

• 1990s:
  • 1990: Pauline Bebe became the first female rabbi in France. ^{[46] [47]}
  • 1992: Naamah Kelman, born in the United States, became the first female rabbi ordained in Israel. ^{[48] [49] [50]}
  • 1992: Karen Soria became the first female rabbi to serve in the U.S. Marines, which she did from 1992 until 1996. ^{[51] [25] [52]}
  • 1993: Rebecca Dubowe became the first Deaf woman to be ordained as a rabbi in the United States. ^{[53] [54]}
  • 1993: Valerie Stessin, born in France, became the first woman to be ordained as a Conservative rabbi in Israel, as well as the first woman to be ordained by the Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies. ^{[55] [56] [57] [58]}
  • 1993: Maya Leibovich became the first native-born female rabbi in Israel; she was ordained in 1993 at the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion in Jerusalem. ^{[59] [60] [61]}
  • 1993: Ariel Stone became the first American rabbi to lead a congregation in the former Soviet Union, and the first progressive rabbi to serve the Jewish community in Ukraine. ^{[62] [63] [64]}
  • 1993: Chana Timoner became the first female rabbi to hold an active duty assignment as a chaplain in the U.S. Army. ^{[65] [66]}
  • 1994: Rabbi Laura Geller became the first woman to lead a major metropolitan congregation, specifically Temple Emanuel in Beverly Hills. ^{[67] [68]}
  • 1994: Analia Bortz became the first female rabbi ordained in Argentina at the Seminario Rabinico Latinoamericano Marshall T. Meyer. ^{[69] [70]}
  • 1995: Dianne Cohler-Esses became the first Syrian woman to become a rabbi, and the first Syrian non-Orthodox rabbi, when she was ordained by the Jewish Theological Seminary in 1995. ^{[71] [72] [73] [74]}
  • 1995: Bea Wyler, born in Switzerland, who had studied at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America in New York, became the first female rabbi in postwar Germany, in the city of Oldenburg. ^[75]
  • 1996: Cynthia Culpeper became the first pulpit rabbi to announce being diagnosed with AIDS, which she did when she was rabbi of Agudath Israel in Montgomery, Alabama. ^[76]
  • 1997: Chava Koster became the first female rabbi from the Netherlands. ^[77]
  • 1999: Tamara Kolton became the very first rabbi of either sex in Humanistic Judaism. ^[78]

• 2000s:
  • 2000: Helga Newmark, born in Germany, became the first female Holocaust survivor ordained as a rabbi. She was ordained in America. ^{[79] [80] [81] [82]}
  • 2001: Angela Warnick Buchdahl, born in Korea, became the first Asian-American rabbi. She was ordained in America. ^{[83] [84] [85] [86] [87] [53]}
  • 2001: Eveline Goodman-Thau became the first female rabbi in Austria. ^[88]
  • 2002: Jacqueline Mates-Muchin was ordained by Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion in New York, and thus became the first Chinese-American rabbi. ^{[89] [90] [91]}
  • 2003: Sandra Kochmann, born in Paraguay, became the first female rabbi in Brazil. ^{[92] [93]}
  • 2003: Tsipi Gabai became the first woman from Morocco to be ordained as a rabbi. ^{[94] [95]}
  • 2003: Janet Marder was named the first female president of the Central Conference of American Rabbis on March 26, 2003, making her the first woman to lead a major rabbinical organization and the first woman to lead any major Jewish co-ed religious organization in the United States. ^[96]
  • 2003: Sivan Malkin Maas became the first Israeli ordained by the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism in 2003. ^[97]
  • 2003: Sarah Schechter became the first female rabbi to serve as a chaplain in the U.S. Air Force. ^{[98] [99] [100] [101]}
  • 2004: Barbara Aiello, born in the United States, became the first female rabbi in Italy. ^[102]
  • 2005: Floriane Chinsky, born in France, became Belgium's first female rabbi. ^[103]
  • 2005: Elisa Klapheck, born in Germany, became the first female rabbi in the Netherlands. ^{[104] [105] [106]}
  • 2006: Chaya Gusfield and Lori Klein became the first openly lesbian rabbis ordained by the Jewish Renewal movement. ^[107]
  • 2007: Tanya Segal, born in Russia, became the first full-time female rabbi in Poland. ^{[108] [109]}
  • 2007: Toba Spitzer was elected to a two-year term as president of the Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association, making her the first openly gay rabbi to lead any national rabbinical association. ^[110]
  • 2008: Julie Schonfeld was named the new executive vice president of the Conservative movement's Rabbinical Assembly, becoming the first female rabbi to serve in the chief executive position of an American rabbinical association. ^{[111] [112]}
  • 2009: Alysa Stanton, born in Cleveland and ordained by a Reform Jewish seminary in Cincinnati, became the first African-American female rabbi. ^{[113] [114]} Later in 2009 she began work as a rabbi at Congregation Bayt Shalom, a small majority-white synagogue in Greenville, North Carolina, making her the first African-American rabbi to lead a majority-white congregation. ^[115]
  • 2009: Lynn Feinberg became the first female rabbi in Norway, where she was born. ^{[116] [117] [118]}
  • 2009: Karen Soria, born in America, became the first female rabbi in the Canadian Forces; she was assigned to the 3 Canadian Forces Flying Training School in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba. ^{[24] [119]}
  • 2009: Sara Hurwitz was ordained by Rabbi Daniel Sperber and Rabbi Avi Weiss, making her the first woman to receive Orthodox ordination. She took the title “Maharat,” an acronym for "Morah Hilchatit Ruchanut Toranit", which literally translates as "Torah-based, spiritual teacher according to Jewish law". ^{[120] [121] [122]} She founded Yeshivat Maharat to offer ordination to more Orthodox women. In February 2010, Weiss announced that he was changing Maharat to a more familiar-sounding title "Rabba". ^[123] Hurwitz continues to use the title Rabba and is considered by some to be the first female Orthodox rabbi. ^{[124] [125] [126]}

• 2010s:
  • 2010: Alina Treiger, born in Ukraine, became the first female rabbi to be ordained in Germany since World War II. ^{[127] [128] [129] [130]}
  • 2011: Antje Deusel became the first German-born woman to be ordained as a rabbi in Germany since the Nazi era. ^[131] She was ordained by Abraham Geiger College. ^[132]
  • 2011: American Rachel Isaacs became the first openly lesbian rabbi ordained by the Conservative Jewish movement's Jewish Theological Seminary of America. ^[133]
  • 2011: Sandra Kviat became the first female rabbi from Denmark; she was ordained in England. ^{[134] [135]}
  • 2012: Ilana Mills was ordained, thus making her, Jordana Chernow-Reader, and Mari Chernow the first three female siblings in America to become rabbis. ^{[136] [137]}
  • 2012: Alona Lisitsa became the first female rabbi in Israel to join a religious council. ^[138] Although Leah Shakdiel, who was not a rabbi, joined the Yerucham religious council in 1988 after a Supreme Court decision in her favor, no female rabbi had joined a religious council until Lisitsa joined Mevasseret Zion's in 2012. ^[138] She was appointed to the council three years before that, but the Religious Affairs Ministry delayed approving her appointment until Israel's High Court of Justice ordered it to. ^[139]
  • 2012: American Emily Aviva Kapor, who had been ordained privately by a "Conservadox" rabbi in 2005, began living as a woman in 2012, thus becoming the first openly transgender female rabbi. ^[140]
  • 2014: American rabbi Deborah Waxman was inaugurated as the president of the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College and Jewish Reconstructionist Communities on October 26, 2014. ^[141] As the president of the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College, she is believed to be the first woman and first lesbian to lead a Jewish congregational union, and the first female rabbi and first lesbian to lead a Jewish seminary; the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College is both a congregational union and a seminary. ^{[73] [142]}
  • 2014: American rabbi Judith Hauptman became the first guest lecturer from abroad to address the Israeli Knesset’s weekly religious study session. ^[143]
  • 2015: Ute Steyer became the first female rabbi in Sweden. ^[144]
  • 2015: Mira Rivera, born in Michigan, ^[145] became the first Filipino-American woman to be ordained as a rabbi. ^[146]
  • 2015: Lila Kagedan, born in Canada, became the first graduate of Yeshivat Maharat to use the title "Rabbi". ^{[147] [148]} She officially became the first female Modern Orthodox rabbi in the United States of America when the Modern Orthodox Mount Freedom Jewish Center in Randolph, New Jersey hired her as a spiritual leader in January 2016. ^{[149] [150]}
  • 2015: Abby Stein came out as transgender and thus became the first openly transgender woman to have been ordained by an Orthodox Jewish institution, having received her rabbinical degree in 2011, before coming out as transgender. ^{[151] [152]} Since then she worked in many capacities as a rabbi. ^[153] In 2018, she co-founded Sacred Space, a multi-faith project "which celebrates women and non-binary people of all faith traditions". ^[154]
  • 2016: After four years of deliberation, Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion decided to give women being ordained as rabbis a choice of wording on their ordination certificates beginning in 2016, including the option to have the same wording as men. ^[155] Previously, male candidates' ordination certificates identified them by the Reform movement's traditional "morenu harav," or "our teacher the rabbi," while female candidates' certificates only used the term "rav u’morah," or "rabbi and teacher." ^[155]
  • 2017: During this year Connie Golden served as the first woman president of the (American) National Association of Retired Reform Rabbis. ^{[156] [157]}
  • 2017: Nitzan Stein Kokin, who was German, became the first person to graduate from Zecharias Frankel College in Germany, which also made her the first Conservative rabbi to be ordained in Germany since before World War II. ^{[158] [159]}
  • 2018: Dina Brawer, born in Italy but living in Britain, was ordained by Yeshivat Maharat and thus became Britain's first female Orthodox rabbi; she chose the title "rabba", the feminine form of rabbi. ^{[160] [161]}
  • 2018: Lauren Tuchman was ordained at the Jewish Theological Seminary, becoming the first blind woman to enter the rabbinate. ^[162]

• 2020s:
  • 2022: Irene Muzás Calpe, born in Spain and ordained in Germany, became the first female rabbi in Spain upon starting a job as a rabbi at the Atid synagogue in Barcelona. ^[163]
  • 2023: Miriam Udel, a Yiddish professor at Emory University, on February 1 became the first female Orthodox rabbi to give an opening prayer at any state legislature, by giving one at the Georgia House of Representatives. ^[164]
  • 2023: Kamila Kopřivová, born in the Czech Republic and ordained by Leo Baeck College in London, ^[165] became the first Czech female rabbi and started a job as a rabbi at the Westminster Synagogue in London. ^[166]
  • 2023: Myriam Ackermann-Sommer of France received a rabbinical degree from Yeshivat Maharat in America, thus making her France's first female Orthodox rabbi. ^[167]
  • 2024: The High Court of Justice in Israel ruled that women are eligible to serve as rabbis on the Chief Rabbi Election Assembly. ^[168]

See also

• Women in Judaism
• Women rabbis and Torah scholars

References

1. Klapheck, Elisa. "Regina Jonas 1902–1944". Jewish Women's Archive . Retrieved April 3, 2011.
2. "America's First Female Rabbi Reflects on Four Decades Since Ordination". eJewish Philanthropy. May 8, 2012.
3. "StackPath". www.lib.usm.edu.
4. Blau, Eleanor. "1st Woman Rabbi in U.S. Ordained; She May Be Only the Second in History of Judaism", The New York Times , June 4, 1972. Retrieved September 17, 2009. "Sally HJ. Priesand was ordained at the Isaac M. Wise Temple here today, becoming the first woman rabbi in this country and it is believed, the second in the history of Judaism."
5. O'Brien, Jodi A.; O'Brien, Jodi (2009). O'Brien, Jodi A. (ed.). Encyclopedia of gender and society, Volume 1. SAGE. p. 475. ISBN   978-1-4129-0916-7.
6. "Celebrating Sandy Eisenberg Sasso, the first woman Reconstructionalist rabbi". jwa.org. May 19, 2010. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
7. "Rabbi Jackie Tabick". North West Surrey Synagogue. Archived from the original on July 26, 2013. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
8. "Rabbi Jackie Tabick". Jewish Chronicle . September 23, 2009 [6 March 2008]. Retrieved November 2, 2012.
9. Einstein Schorr, Rebecca; Mendelson Graf, Alysa (May 17, 2016). The Sacred Calling: Four Decades of Women in the Rabbinate. CCAR Press. pp. 1–. ISBN   978-0-88123-280-6.
10. "22 Women Now Ordained As Rabbis Most of Them Do Not Have Pulpits". archive.jta.org. August 23, 1979. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
11. "The little shul that could: With just seven members, San Jose congregation keeps chugging along". www.jweekly.com. February 14, 2013. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
12. "Trail-blazing Rabbi Sandy Sasso retiring after 36 years". www.indystar.com. May 19, 2013. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
13. The New York Times (August 18, 1979). "First woman rabbi to head temple seeks to lead way for more women". The Ledger . Retrieved July 21, 2012.
14. Fischer, Carrie. "A Conversation with Holy Blossom Temple's newly appointed Senior Rabbi Yael Splansky – Women of Influence".
15. "Elyse Goldstein".
16. Malul, Chen (November 8, 2012). "Women of the Wall, breaking down walls – Israel News". Haaretz. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
17. Schwartz, Penny (July 28, 2011). "In their 40s and 50s, embarking on second careers as rabbis". JTA . Retrieved August 2, 2013.
18. Shaw, Dan (February 3, 2008). "He Got His Workshop, She Got Her Privacy". The New York Times . Retrieved September 4, 2012.
19. "Stephen Wise Synagogue > 4 Decades of Women Rabbis In the Rabbinate and SWFS". Swfs.org. Archived from the original on May 25, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
20. "Pioneering rabbi finds deep satisfaction in storytelling, living life..." www.fau.edu/library/br150.htm. January 2, 2000. Archived from the original on May 10, 2013. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
21. "Bonnie Koppell". Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. May 26, 1981. Retrieved November 25, 2011.
22. "Rabbi Bonnie Koppell: About Me". www.azrabbi.com. Retrieved August 31, 2013.
23. Winston-Macauley, Marnie (2007). Yiddishe Mamas: The Truth About the Jewish Mother, by Marnie Winston-Macauley - Google Books, pg. 195. ISBN   9780740763762 . Retrieved November 25, 2011.
24. Rutland, Suzanne D. (2005). The Jews in Australia – Suzanne D. Rutland, pg. 114. ISBN   9781139447164 . Retrieved September 7, 2013.
25. "Winnipeg rabbi served in the marines, navy". The Canadian Jewish News. October 30, 2008. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
26. "Staff Biographies". omjs.ca. Archived from the original on October 4, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
27. "Our history". About. Radlett Reform Synagogue. Archived from the original on January 27, 2015. Retrieved February 1, 2015.
28. "A JEWISH TELEGRAPH NEWSPAPER". www.jewishtelegraph.com.
29. "Amy Eilberg". jwa.org/. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
30. "Temple B'nai Shalom - Northern VA Reform Synagogue - Clergy". Temple B'nai Shalom. Tbs-online.org. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
31. "Building a community of women - Washington Jewish Week - Online Edition - Rockville, MD". Washington Jewish Week. November 28, 2012. Archived from the original on December 26, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
32. Idelle Davidson (November 20, 1986). "Rabbi Reaches Her Pulpit at End of a Long, Circuitous Path". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 5, 2013.
33. JUDITH CUMMINGS, Special to the New York Times (August 3, 1986). "Milestone For Conservative Judaism". NYTimes.com. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
34. "First Woman Rabbi of Major Conservative Synagogue Leads Services". Apnewsarchive.com. August 2, 1986. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
35. Keller, Rosemary Skinner; Ruether, Rosemary Radford; Cantlon, Marie, eds. (2006). Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America: Native American creation stories. Indiana University Press. p. 553. ISBN   978-0-253-34687-2.
36. "Schenectady Gazette" . Retrieved October 29, 2014.
37. "Rumor has it ... - Minnesota Women's Press - St. Paul, MN". Womenspress.com. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
38. "Rabbi Offner". urj.org. 2008. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
39. "Rabbis in Social Action". Shir Tikvah. February 14, 2013. Archived from the original on October 13, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
40. Dana Evan Kaplan Contemporary American Judaism: transformation and renewal Columbia University Press, 2009 ISBN   0231137281, p. 255
41. Our Roots. Shir Tikvah. Retrieved November 30, 2010.
42. ""Coming Out" in the Jewish Family". Lilith Magazine. Summer 1989. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
43. "Einat Ramot". Jewish Women's Archive. 2012. Retrieved January 20, 2012.
44. Goldstein, Elyse; Diamant, Anita (2008). jewh Feminism: Probing the past, forging the future. Jewish Lights Publishing. p. 218. ISBN   978-1-58023-359-0.
45. "Schechter Rabbinical Seminary: Dr. Einat Ramon". The Schechter Institutes. 2009. Archived from the original on April 28, 2012. Retrieved January 20, 2012.
46. (French) Th.Gausserand, Dédicace. "Dédicace. Une femme rabbin, un judaïsme libéral", Le depeche.fr, 21 January 2008.
47. "Bebe, Pauline". Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved September 7, 2013.
48. "Israel's First Female Rabbi Asks 'why Not?' Instead of 'why?'". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. August 6, 1992. Retrieved September 7, 2013.
49. Ari L. Goldman (July 11, 1992). "In what Reform Judaism says is the first time in history, a woman will be ordained to the rabbinate in Israel this month. Naamah Kelman, a 37-year-old scion of a rabbinical family, will become a rabbi on July 23 at the Jerusalem campus of Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion. Rabbi Alfred Gottschalk, president of the college, called the ordination 'historic and symbolic,' and said it was taking place at 'a hopeful time' for Reform Judaism in Israel". The New York Times . Retrieved September 20, 2009.
50. Stoner, Margaret. "Judaism gets in touch with its feminine side" Archived 2012-07-08 at archive.today , The Jerusalem Post , June 25, 2009. Accessed September 20, 2009. "Naama Kelman, the newly appointed dean of the Hebrew Union College in Jerusalem, is the first woman to be appointed to this position in Israel. She was also the first woman to be ordained in Israel."
51. "Staff Biographies". www.omjs.ca. Archived from the original on October 4, 2011. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
52. "Rabbi tackles LGBT in Jewish life | Jewish Tribune". Jewishtribune.ca. April 16, 2013. Archived from the original on October 13, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
53. "The Sisterhood 50: America's Influential Women Rabbis, dated 2010, published July 21, 2010, issue of July 30, 2010". July 22, 2010. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
54. "Galludet University website, "Pre-Passover seder hosted by the Washington Society of Jewish Deaf"". Archived from the original on September 29, 2011.
55. Goldstein, Elyse (2009). New Jewish Feminism: Probing the Past, Forging the Future. ISBN   9781580233590 . Retrieved September 8, 2013.
56. "Hudson Jewish Community Forum - USH Speaker: Rabbi Valerie Stessin". Hudsonjewish.org. July 24, 2010. Archived from the original on October 30, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
57. "Founders". Kashouvot. Archived from the original on May 27, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
58. "Israeli Conservative Movement Will Begin to Ordain Women As Rabbis". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. November 30, 1992. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
59. Oestermann, Richard (1999). Born Again – Richard Oestermann. ISBN   9789652292148 . Retrieved September 8, 2013.
60. Misra, Kalpana (2003). Jewish Feminism in Israel: Some Contemporary Perspectives. ISBN   9781584653257 . Retrieved September 8, 2013.
61. Cohen, Anat (August 11, 2003). "Rabbi Stakes Her Claim In Orthodox Stronghold". Women's eNews. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
62. "Rabbis Gone Wise | Melton Portland". Archived from the original on October 19, 2013. Retrieved October 17, 2013.
63. "Gainesville Sun - Google News Archive Search" . Retrieved October 29, 2014.
64. "A First: Female Rabbi Serving in Ukraine". Lilith Magazine. September 5, 1993. Retrieved October 29, 2014.
65. "Chana Timoner – Orlando Sentinel". Articles.orlandosentinel.com. July 18, 1998. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
66. "Chana Timoner, 46, Rabbi and Chaplain, Dies – New York Times". The New York Times. July 17, 1998. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
67. "Rabbi Laura Geller | Rabbi Jonathan Aaron | Rabbi Jill Zimmerman | Los Angeles". Tebh.org. August 24, 2006. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
68. "Laura Geller | Jewish Women's Archive". Jwa.org. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
69. "Rabinos Graduados". Seminario Rabínico. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
70. "Argentina: Jewish Education | Jewish Women's Archive". jwa.org. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
71. "Mispacha: A virtual community for real Jewish families". www.mishpacha.org. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
72. "Rabbi Dianne Cohler-Esses". Mechonhadar.org. Archived from the original on July 26, 2014. Retrieved November 17, 2012.
73. Dianne Cohler-Esses (May 24, 2011). "Connecting the World to Jewish News, Culture, and Opinion". The Jewish Week. Retrieved November 17, 2012.
74. "Names First Syrian Jewish Female Rabbi to be Director of Education". Romemu. August 8, 2012. Archived from the original on April 15, 2013. Retrieved November 17, 2012.
75. "Oldenburg". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
76. "Cynthia Culpeper Dies, Rabbi Who Battled AIDS". The Jewish Exponent. September 15, 2005. Retrieved October 14, 2012.^{[ permanent dead link ]}
77. "The Rabbi is a Woman" | a documentary film by Hannah Heer". "Kol Ishah. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
78. "Society for Humanistic Judaism - Rabbis and Leadership". Shj.org. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
79. "StackPath HUC-JIR: Press Room - In Memoriam: Rabbi Helga Newmark, z'l". Huc.edu. March 8, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
80. "docs.google.com;"Stolen Childhood: A Survivor of the Holocaust"". August 1994. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
81. "Helga Newmark, rabbi late in life, dies". NorthJersey.com. March 14, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
82. "Helga Newmark, rabbi late in life, dies : page 2". NorthJersey.com. March 14, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
83. ""Troublemaker" Women Honored, Receive Ivy | auburn". Auburnseminary.org. August 22, 2009. Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
84. "This Week in History - Angela Warnick Buchdahl invested as first Asian-American cantor | Jewish Women's Archive". Jwa.org. May 16, 1999. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
85. "Women's History Month: Unique Rabbi-Cantor Follows Her Own Melody". NY1. March 15, 2011. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
86. "Angela Buchdahl | Profiles | Finding Your Roots". PBS. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
87. "Our Clergy: Angela Warnick Buchdahl, Senior Cantor", Central Synagogue Web site
88. "Austria Gets First Female Rabbi". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. May 8, 2001.
89. dan pine (October 14, 2011). "New lecture series in Oakland hopes to generate a better acceptance of Jews of color". jweekly.com.
90. "China, Israel and Judaism". shma.com.
91. "Shorts: Bay Area". jweekly.com. November 21, 2003.
92. Marcus Moraes. "Brazil's First Female Rabbi Takes Praise – and Surprise – in Stride". Jewishfederations.org. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
93. "The Jews from Ipanema – Published April 21, 2010, issue of April 30, 2010". Forward. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
94. Hecht, Esther (January 24, 2013). "Letter from Bima: Women Rabbis II: Eastern Tropes". Hadassah Magazine. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
95. Corrigan, Patricia (December 11, 2015). "Two key players in Bay Area LGBT history are honored – J". Jweekly. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
96. "Rabbi Janet Marder becomes president of Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR)". Jwa.org. March 26, 2003. Retrieved November 19, 2010.
97. "Faculty & Staff | International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism". Iishj.org. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
98. "Wise Temple". Wise Temple. April 13, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
99. "Reform Judaism Magazine - This Rabbi Wears Combat Boots". Reformjudaismmag.org. Spring 2010. Archived from the original on October 19, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
100. Jeff Kunerth (April 1, 2013). "Air Force gets its first Jewish female chaplin". OrlandoSentinel.com. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
101. Shear, David (April 2, 2013). "Female rabbi joins US Air Force - Israel Jewish Scene, Ynetnews". Ynetnews. Ynetnews.com. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
102. "First Female Rabbi in Italy, Barbara Aiello to Speak in Toronto" (PDF). Rabbibarbara.com. October 26, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
103. "Brussels sprouting: Belgium gets its first female rabbi". Jweekly. January 27, 2006. Retrieved November 19, 2010.
104. "Elisa Klapheck". Jewish Women's Archive. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
105. Avrum Ehrlich, M. (2009). Encyclopedia of the Jewish diaspora: origins, experiences, and culture – Mark Avrum Ehrlich, pg. 891. ISBN   9781851098736 . Retrieved March 3, 2012.
106. Lustig, Sandra; Leveson, Ian (April 15, 2008). Turning the Kaleidoscope: Perspectives on European Jewry - S. H. Lustig, Ian Leveson. ISBN   9780857455796 . Retrieved March 3, 2012.
107. "Kehilla Community Synagogue - Spiritual Leadership". Kehillasynagogue.org. Archived from the original on November 15, 2010. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
108. Dasgupta, Rohee (July 12, 2008). "Of Cultural Deference" (in German). Gender Forum. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
109. Gera, Vanessa (February 14, 2008). "Religious News and Headlines". USA TODAY. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
110. Radin, Charles A. (March 13, 2007). "First openly gay rabbi elected leader". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on March 17, 2007.
111. "A White Plains rabbi replaces a White Plains rabbi as head of the Rabbinical Assembly | Blogging Religiously". Religion.lohudblogs.com. October 29, 2008. Archived from the original on February 4, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2012.
112. "News Briefs - Sun Sentinel". Articles.sun-sentinel.com. November 4, 2008. Retrieved July 7, 2012.^{[ dead link ]}
113. Kaufman, David (June 6, 2009). "Introducing America's First Black, Female Rabbi". Time . Archived from the original on June 11, 2009. Retrieved June 6, 2009.
114. Whitaker, Carrie (June 6, 2009). "First Black Female Jewish Rabbi Ordained". The Cincinnati Enquirer . Retrieved June 6, 2009.
115. "White House steps up Jewish outreach amid criticism of Mideast policy". CNN. May 26, 2010. Archived from the original on October 6, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
116. "Norwegian rabbi, Jewish Renewal adherent, to speak in Pittsburgh". Thejewishchronicle.net. Retrieved November 19, 2010.
117. Bet Debora. "Single Mother in an Orthodox Community". Bet-debora.de. Retrieved November 19, 2010.
118. "Bet Deborah". Bet-debora.de. June 12, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
119. Ellen Rothman. "Jewish Women on the Map – Temple Shalom". jwa.org. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
120. "home - Yeshivat Maharat" . Retrieved February 1, 2011.
121. Eisner, Jane (November 14, 2009). "Forward 50, 2009". The Forward. Retrieved March 13, 2010.
122. "Between a Rav and a Hard Place". Archived from the original on June 27, 2009. Retrieved September 15, 2014.
123. ""Rabba" Sara Hurwitz Rocks the Orthodox". Heeb Magazine. March 10, 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2010.
124. Harris, Ben (March 9, 2010). "Amid Furor, Weiss Backs Away from 'Rabba' Title for Women". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved March 22, 2010.
125. "The Jewish Chronicle - Classifieds, News, Business, and Events" . Retrieved October 29, 2014.
126. "Celebrating the First Lights of Women Rabbis" . Retrieved October 29, 2014.
127. Connolly, Kate (November 3, 2010). "Alina Treiger to become first female rabbi ordained in Germany since war". The Guardian . Retrieved September 4, 2012.
128. Martin, Michelle (November 5, 2010). "Germany ordains first female rabbi since Holocaust". Reuters . Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
129. "Germany's new female rabbi sign of growing Jewish community". BBC . November 4, 2010. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
130. "Making History In Germany". The Jewish Week (New York). November 23, 2010. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
131. "Germany's first female German-born rabbi since the Nazi era". The Canadian Jewish News. April 30, 2013. Retrieved September 6, 2013.
132. "EUPJ newsletter; European Union for Progressive Judaism; Five rabbis graduate at Geiger College fourth ordination (click on EUPJ Newsletter December 2011)". European Union for Progressive Judaism. December 2011. Archived from the original on September 8, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
133. Amy Stone (Summer 2011). "Out and Ordained" (PDF). Lilith. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
134. "Our Newsletter; Issue 416". The World Union for Progressive Judaism. July 28, 2011. Archived from the original on October 30, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
135. "Meet Denmark's First Female Rabbi". www.dis.dk. October 12, 2010. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
136. Heller, Rachel (April 23, 2012). "Sister Act, Part Three". Tribe Magazine. Archived from the original on July 8, 2012. Retrieved September 6, 2013.
137. "Rabbinic sisterhood: three rabbis now in Chernow family". The American Israelite. June 13, 2012. Archived from the original on June 28, 2013. Retrieved September 6, 2013.
138. "Female Rabbi Joins the Ultimate Men's Club – The Sisterhood". The Forward. May 28, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
139. "Female Rabbi Joins the Ultimate Men's Club – The Sisterhood". The Forward. May 28, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
140. "Emily Aviva Kapor: Creating a Jewish Community for Trans Women". The Forward. July 15, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2013.
141. "Waxman Inaugurated as Head of Reconstructionist Rabbinical College". Jewish Exponent.
142. "RRC Announces New President Elect" (PDF) (Press release). Wyncote, PA (USA): Reconstructionist Rabbinical College. October 9, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2015. Retrieved October 16, 2013.
143. "Maltz, Judy 'Eight major victories for non-Orthodox Judaism in 2014' (Dec 15, 2014) Haaretz" http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/jewish-world-news/.premium-1.631933
144. "Sweden to get first female rabbi". The Local. September 24, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
145. "Rabbi Mira Rivera, Romemu". National Council of Jewish Women.
146. "First Fil-Am woman rabbi is also a racial justice activist". Usa.inquirer.net. July 8, 2019. Retrieved July 11, 2019.
147. Rabbi Lila Kagedan (November 25, 2015). "Why Orthodox Judaism needs female rabbis". The Canadian Jewish News.
148. "First Woman Orthodox 'Rabbi' Is Hired by Synagogue – Sisterhood". Forward. January 3, 2016. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
149. "NJ Orthodox shul announces hire of woman using 'rabbi' title". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. January 11, 2016.
150. "Rabbi Lila Kagedan, First Female Rabbi at Orthodox Shul in Melbourne". The Jewish Press. March 21, 2016.
151. "'Gender began punching me in the face': How a Hasidic rabbi came out as trans woman", Debra Nussbaum Cohen, Haaretz, February 17, 2017.
152. Stein, Abby Chava (November 20, 2019). "'I Was Raised a Hasidic Man. When I Came Out as a Woman, the Sexism Shocked Me'". Glamour.
153. Temple Shaaray Tefila (June 26, 2020). "WATCH: Rabbi Reines in Conversation with Abby Stein" (Video). shaaraytefilanyc.org. Retrieved June 30, 2020. On being called Rabbi…
154. Lex Rofeberg (November 19, 2019). "Abby Stein: Judaism Unbound Episode 196 – Becoming Eve". Judaism Unbound (Podcast). Retrieved June 30, 2020.
155. Why a small word change is a big deal for Reform women rabbis JTA, May 31, 2016
156. https://jewishsacredaging.com/national-association-of-retired-reform-rabbis-with-rabbi-connie-golden-on-jewish-sacred-aging-podcast/#:~:text=Since%20her%20retirement%20she%20has,Association%20of%20Retired%20Reform%20Rabbis.
157. "NAORRR Past-Presidents - NAORRR-NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RETIRED REFORM RABBIS".
158. Leslee Komaiko (May 24, 2017). "One L.A. school: two German rabbis". Jewish Journal. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
159. Ryan Torok (June 22, 2017). "Moving & Shaking: Wise School, "Jerusalem of Gold," and Gene Simmons". Jewish Journal. Retrieved June 23, 2017.
160. Wolfisz, Francine. "Dina Brawer becomes UK's first female Orthodox rabbi | Jewish News". Jewishnews.timesofisrael.com. Retrieved May 10, 2018.
161. "Class of 2018". Yeshivat Maharat. Archived from the original on April 4, 2018. Retrieved May 10, 2018.
162. "Through a Different Lens: First Blind Woman Rabbi Talks Life, Judaism, and Inclusion". United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism. August 2, 2019. Retrieved August 24, 2022.
163. "Irene Muzás Calpe, the first female rabbi in Spain". La Vanguardia. October 22, 2022.
164. Glass, Alina (February 23, 2023). "Udel makes history as first female orthodox rabbi to open prayer at state legislature". The Emory Wheel. Retrieved March 7, 2023.
165. "New Progressive rabbi ordained by Leo Baeck College". Liberal Judaism. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
166. Reporter, J. C. "Westminster signs Czech to support growing community". www.thejc.com. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
167. Reporter, J. C. "French woman breaks down barriers to become France's first female Orthodox rabbi". www.thejc.com.
168. "High Court rules women can fill 'rabbi' slots in Chief Rabbinate's top bodies | The Times of Israel".

External links

• Women of Reform Judaism Executive Director: Rabbi Marla J. Feldman