The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) is an independent agency of the US government created in 1974 that regulates the U.S. derivatives markets,which includes futures,swaps,and certain kinds of options.
The Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000 (CFMA) is United States federal legislation that ensured financial products known as over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives remained unregulated. It was signed into law on December 21,2000 by President Bill Clinton. It clarified the law so most OTC derivative transactions between "sophisticated parties" would not be regulated as "futures" under the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936 (CEA) or as "securities" under the federal securities laws. Instead,the major dealers of those products would continue to have their dealings in OTC derivatives supervised by their federal regulators under general "safety and soundness" standards. The Commodity Futures Trading Commission's (CFTC) desire to have "functional regulation" of the market was also rejected. Instead,the CFTC would continue to do "entity-based supervision of OTC derivatives dealers". The CFMA's treatment of OTC derivatives such as credit default swaps has become controversial,as those derivatives played a major role in the financial crisis of 2008 and the subsequent 2008–2012 global recession.
Robert Edward Rubin is an American retired banking executive,lawyer,and former government official. He served as the 70th United States Secretary of the Treasury during the Clinton administration. Before his government service,he spent 26 years at Goldman Sachs,eventually serving as a member of the board and co-chairman from 1990 to 1992.
Herbert Monroe Allison,Jr. was an American businessman who oversaw the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability from 2009 to 2010. His previous positions included president and CEO of Fannie Mae,a post to which he was appointed in September 2008,after Fannie was placed into conservatorship. Prior to that,Allison was chairman,president and chief executive officer of TIAA from 2002 until his retirement in 2008.
The Under Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Finance is a high-ranking position within United States Department of the Treasury that reports to,advises,and assists the Secretary of the Treasury and the Deputy Secretary of the Treasury. The under secretary leads the department's policy on the issues of domestic finance,fiscal policy,fiscal operations,government assets,government liabilities,and other related economic and fiscal matters.
A United States Assistant Secretary of the Treasury is one of several positions in the United States Department of the Treasury,serving under the United States Secretary of the Treasury.
The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) is a program of the United States government to purchase toxic assets and equity from financial institutions to strengthen its financial sector that was passed by Congress and signed into law by President George W. Bush. It was a component of the government's measures in 2009 to address the subprime mortgage crisis.
Neel Tushar Kashkari is an American banker,economist and politician who is the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. As interim Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability from October 2008 to May 2009,he oversaw the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) that was a major component of the U.S. government's response to the Financial crisis of 2007–2008. A Republican,he unsuccessfully ran for Governor of California in the 2014 election.
Timothy Franz Geithner is a former American central banker who served as the 75th United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013. He was the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from 2003 to 2009,following service in the Clinton administration. Since March 2014,he has served as president and managing director of Warburg Pincus,a private equity firm headquartered in New York City.
Michael S. Barr is an American legal scholar who has been the second vice chair of the Federal Reserve for supervision since 2022. From 2009 to 2011,he was assistant secretary of the treasury for financial institutions under President Barack Obama.
Jill E. Sommers was sworn in as a commissioner of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission on August 8,2007 to a term that expired April 13,2009. She was nominated on July 20,2009 by President Barack Obama to serve a five-year second term.,and confirmed by the United States Senate on October 8,2009.
The Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability was the head of the Office of Financial Stability in the United States Department of the Treasury.
Mathew Pendo is an investment banker,having worked for Merrill Lynch and Barclays before taking a position as Chief Investment Officer of the Office of Financial Stability of the United States Treasury in 2011. After several years managing his responsibilities under the Troubled Asset Relief Program and coordinating divestiture of the portfolio,Pendo has returned to the private sector as an investment banker.
Phillip Lee "Phill" Swagel is an American economist who is currently the director of the Congressional Budget Office. As Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy from 2006 to 2009,he played an important role in the Troubled Asset Relief Program that was part of the U.S. government's response to the financial crisis of 2007–08. He was recently a Professor in International Economics at the University of Maryland School of Public Policy,a non-resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute,senior fellow at the Milken Institute,and co-chair of the Bipartisan Policy Center's Financial Regulatory Reform Initiative.
J. Christopher Giancarlo is an American attorney and former business executive who served as 13th chairman of the United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). Giancarlo was sworn in as a CFTC commissioner on June 16,2014 for a term expiring on April 13,2019. Starting on January 20,2017,with President Donald Trump's inauguration,Giancarlo began serving as acting chair of the CFTC. In March 2017,the president nominated Giancarlo to be full-time chair of the commission. Giancarlo was confirmed as chairman of the commission by the United States Senate on August 3,2017.
Heath Price Tarbert is an American lawyer and former government official who most recently served as the 14th Chairman and a Commissioner of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). Prior to leading the CFTC,he served as Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for International Markets and Development and as acting Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs. As of April 6,2021,he is the Chief Legal Officer of Citadel Securities.
Dan Michael Berkovitz was nominated by President Donald Trump to serve as a commissioner of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission on April 24,2018. He was unanimously confirmed by the Senate on August 28,2018 and sworn into office on September 7,2018 for a five-year term expiring on April 13,2023.
Mark P. Wetjen is an American lawyer. In 2011,he was nominated by Barack Obama to serve a five-year term as a Commissioner of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). He also served for five months as acting chairman of the CFTC upon the departure of his predecessor,Gary Gensler.
