Trithemis

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Trithemis
Trithemis annulata.jpg
Trithemis annulata
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Odonata
Infraorder: Anisoptera
Family: Libellulidae
Subfamily: Trithemistinae
Genus: Trithemis
Brauer, 1868

Trithemis is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. They are commonly known as dropwings. There are over 40 species, mainly from Africa; two are endemic to Madagascar, and five can be found in Asia. [1] They are found in a wide variety of habitats; some species being adapted to permanent streams in forests, and others being capable of breeding in temporary pools in deserts. [2]

Species

The genus contains the following species: [3]

MaleFemaleScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Trithemis aconita 15187709.jpg Trithemis aconita Lieftinck, 1969monkshood dropwing, [4] halfshade dropwing [1] Benin, Botswana, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi
Trithemis aenea Pinhey, 1961bronze dropwing [1] Western and Central Africa.
Trithemis aequalis Lieftinck, 1969swamp dropwing [1] Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia.
Trithemis africana (Brauer, 1867)western phantom dropwing [5] Western and Central Africa, in Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Côte d'Ivoire.
Trithemis annulata.jpg Trithemis annulata female (32441668485).jpg Trithemis annulata (Palisot de Beauvois, 1807)violet dropwing, [4] [6] violet-marked darter [7] Africa, in the Middle East, in the Arabian Peninsula and southern Europe.
Trithemis anomala Pinhey, 1955striped dropwing [1] Zambia
Trithemis arteriosa 2017 11 28 0874.jpg Trithemis arteriosa f.jpg Trithemis arteriosa (Burmeister, 1839)red-veined dropwing [4] Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mayotte, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia,Zimbabwe, Crete, Cyprus, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestinian Territory, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
Crimson marsh glider, male @ Thrippunithura 03.jpg Crimson marsh glider, female @ Thrippunithura 01.jpg Trithemis aurora (Burmeister, 1839)crimson marsh glider [8] Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
Trithemis basitincta Ris, 1912Angola, Cameroon, Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone
Trithemis bifida Pinhey, 1970shadow dropwing [1] Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Sierra Leone, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Tanzania.
Trithemis bredoi Fraser, 1953river dropwing [1] Gondokoro, Sudan
Trithemis brydeni Pinhey, 1970percher-like dropwing [1] Botswana and Zambia.
Trithemis congolica Pinhey, 1970Congo dropwing [1] Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon
Trithemis dejouxi.jpg Trithemis dejouxi Pinhey, 1978stonewash dropwing [1] Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Republic of Guinea
Trithemis dichroa Karsch, 1893small dropwing, [9] black dropwing [1] Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia.
Trithemis donaldsoni Denim Dropwing.jpg Trithemis donaldsoni (Calvert, 1899)denim dropwing [4] Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Republic of South Africa, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Trithemis dorsalis 019563-1.jpg Trithemis dorsalis.jpg Trithemis dorsalis (Rambur, 1842)round-hook dropwing, [4] highland dropwing [1] Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Kenya, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, possibly Burundi, and possibly Malawi
Trithemis ellenbeckii Förster, 1906Ethiopian dropwing [1] Ethiopia.
Trithemis festiva by kadavoor.jpg Trithemis festiva female 01.jpg Trithemis festiva (Rambur, 1842)indigo dropwing, [6] black stream glider [8] Greece, Cyprus and Turkey, throughout Asia to New Guinea
Trithemis fumosa Pinhey, 1962Central African Republic, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon
T furva AManson 007631-1.jpg T furva AManson 011842-1.jpg Trithemis furva Karsch, 1899navy dropwing [4] Angola, Cameroon, Chad, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Trithemis grouti Pinhey, 1961black dropwing, [10] dark dropwing [1] Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zambia.
Trithemis hartwigi Pinhey, 1970superb dropwing [1] Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea.
Trithemis hecate Ris, 1912silhouette dropwing, [4] hecate dropwing [11] Botswana, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gambia, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi.
Trithemis hinnula Dijkstra, Mézière & Kipping, 2015mule dropwing [12] Gabon
Trithemis imitata Pinhey, 1961copycat dropwing [1] Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda.
Trithemis integra Dijkstra, 2007Albertine dropwing [1] Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Uganda
Trithemis kalula Kirby, 1900pretty dropwing [1] Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinee-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Republic of Guinea, Sierra Leone
Trithemis kirbyi.jpg Female Orange-winged Dropwing (Trithemis kirbyi) - Flickr - gailhampshire (1).jpg Trithemis kirbyi Selys, 1891orange-winged dropwing, [6] Kirby's dropwing [4] Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinee-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Republic of South Africa, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Trithemis legrandi Dijkstra, Mézière & Kipping, 2015 [12] robust dropwing [12] Cameroon, Gabon
Trithemis lilacina Förster, 1899Indonesia
Trithemis longistyla (Fraser, 1953)Democratic Republic of the Congo
Monard's dropwing trithemis monardi female.jpg Trithemis monardi Ris, 1931Monard's dropwing, [13] fluttering dropwing [1] Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Trithemis morrisoni Damm & Hadrys, 2009rapids dropwing [1] Namibia, Zambia
Trithemis nigra Longfield, 1936São Tomé and Príncipe
Trithemis nuptialis Karsch, 1894hairy-legged dropwing [14] Angola, Cameroon, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia
Trithemis osvaldae d'Andrea & Carfi, 1997Cameroon, Gabon
Long-legged marsh glider (Trithemis pallidinervis) male Rajasthan.jpg Trithemis pallidinervis female by kadavoor.JPG Trithemis pallidinervis (Kirby, 1889)long-legged marsh glider [8] Asia
Trithemis palustris Damm & Hadrys, 2009marsh dropwing [1] Namibia
Trithemis persephone Ris, 1912Madagascar
T pluvialis AManson 008475-2.jpg Trithemis pluvialis Förster, 1906riffle-and-reed dropwing, [4] river dropwing, [15] russet dropwing [1] Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Republic of South Africa, Rwanda, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Trithemis pruinata Karsch, 1899cobalt dropwing [1] Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Republic of Guinea, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia
Dropwing (Trithemis selika) male.jpg Dropwing (Trithemis selika) female.jpg Trithemis selika Selys, 1869Madagascar
Trithemis stictica Jaunty Dropwing.jpg Trithemis stictica 1.jpg Trithemis stictica (Burmeister, 1839)jaunty dropwing [4] Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo-Brazzaville, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Republic of South Africa, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Trithemis werneri, Elegant Dropwing Front.jpg Trithemis werneri Ris, 1912elegant dropwing [4] Angola, the Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi.

Related Research Articles

<i>Zyxomma</i> Genus of insects

Zyxomma is a genus of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. Species of Zyxomma are small to medium-sized, dully coloured, crepuscular insects. They are known as Duskdarters. Members of Zyxomma are found in India, Japan, Africa and Australia.

<i>Orthetrum</i> Genus of dragonflies

Orthetrum is a large genus of dragonflies in the Libellulidae family. They are commonly referred to as skimmers.

<i>Diplacodes</i> Genus of dragonflies

Diplacodes is a genus of dragonflies in the Libellulidae family. They are commonly known as perchers. Their colours range from the totally black body of the African Diplacodes lefebvrii, the lovely pale blue of India's Diplacodes trivialis, to the intense red of the Asian–Australian Diplacodes haematodes.

<i>Crocothemis</i> Genus of dragonflies

Crocothemis is a genus of dragonflies in the Libellulidae family, subfamily Sympetrinae (darters). Various species of this genus occur in southern Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and the Southwest Pacific. They are generally small to medium-sized dragonflies.

<i>Brachythemis</i> Genus of dragonflies

Brachythemis is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. They are commonly known as groundlings.

<i>Bradinopyga</i> Genus of dragonflies

Bradinopyga is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. It contains the following species:

<i>Chlorocypha</i> Genus of damselflies

Chlorocypha is a genus of damselflies in the family Chlorocyphidae.

<i>Hadrothemis</i> Genus of dragonflies

Hadrothemis is a genus of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. They are commonly known as jungle-skimmers.

<i>Hemistigma</i> Genus of dragonflies

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Micromacromia</span> Genus of dragonflies

Micromacromia is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae.

<i>Nesciothemis</i> Genus of dragonflies

Nesciothemis is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. It contains the following species:

<i>Notiothemis jonesi</i> Species of dragonfly

Notiothemis jonesi, eastern forestwatcher, Jones’ forestwatcher or eastern elf, is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is found from South Africa to Kenya, Uganda, Malawi and Zambia. Its natural habitats include pools and swamps in subtropical or tropical forests; absent from lowlands.

<i>Palpopleura</i> Genus of dragonflies

Palpopleura is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. Five species are native to sub-Saharan Africa, one ranges widely in southern Asia, and one is a widespread endemic to Madagascar.

<i>Platycypha</i> Genus of damselflies

Platycypha is a genus of African damselflies in the jewel damselfly family (Chlorocyphidae).

<i>Rhyothemis</i> Genus of dragonflies

Rhyothemis is a genus of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. They are commonly known as flutterers.

<i>Trithemis aconita</i> Species of dragonfly

Trithemis aconita, the halfshade dropwing, is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is found in Benin, Botswana, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and possibly Burundi. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers.

<i>Trithemis donaldsoni</i> Species of dragonfly

Trithemis donaldsoni is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. Common names include denim dropwing and Donaldson’s dropwing.

<i>Trithemis kirbyi</i> Species of dragonfly

Trithemis kirbyi, also known as the Kirby's dropwing,orange-winged dropwing, or scarlet rock glider is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae.

<i>Urothemis</i> Genus of dragonflies

Urothemis is a genus of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. Species of Urothemis can be medium-sized dragonflies which occur from Africa, across Asia to Indonesia and Australia.

<i>Zygonyx</i> Genus of dragonflies

Zygonyx is a genus of dragonflies in the family Libellulidae. They are commonly known as cascaders because of their preference for living beside waterfalls and flying through the spray. They lay their eggs in wet dangling roots.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Dijkstra, K.-D.B.; Clausnitzer, V. (2014). The dragonflies and damselflies of eastern Africa. Tervuren: Royal Museum for Central Africa. ISBN   978-94-916-1506-1.
  2. ↑ Damm, S.; Dijkstra, K. D. B.; Hadrys, H. (2010). "Red drifters and dark residents: the phylogeny and ecology of a Plio-Pleistocene dragonfly radiation reflects Africa's changing environment (Odonata, Libellulidae, Trithemis)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 54 (3): 870–882. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.12.006. PMID   20004729.
  3. ↑ Paulson, D.; Schorr, M.; Abbott, J.; Bota-Sierra, C.; Deliry, C.; Dijkstra, K.-D.; Lozano, F. (2023). "World Odonata List". OdonataCentral, University of Alabama . Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Samways, Michael J. (2008). The Dragonflies and Damselflies of South Africa. Pensoft. ISBN   978-954-642-330-6.
  5. ↑ Clausnitzer, V. & Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2010). "Trithemis africana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T169243A6596888. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T169243A6596888.en .
  6. 1 2 3 "Checklist, English common names". DragonflyPix.com. Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
  7. ↑ Boudot, J.-P.; Clausnitzer, V.; Ferreira, S.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B.; Schneider, W.; Samraoui, B. (2016). "Trithemis annulata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T60052A83872427. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60052A83872427.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  8. 1 2 3 Subramanian, K. A. (2005). Dragonflies and Damselflies of Peninsular India (PDF).
  9. ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Trithemis dichroa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T60055A86125978. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60055A86125978.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  10. ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Trithemis grouti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T60059A86128396. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60059A86128396.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  11. ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Trithemis hecate". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T60060A86128927. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60060A86128927.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  12. 1 2 3 Dijkstra, Klaas-Douwe B.; Kipping, Jens; Mézière, Nicolas (2015). "Sixty new dragonfly and damselfly species from Africa (Odonata)" (PDF). Odonatologica. 44 (4): 447–678. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  13. ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F. & Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2010). "Trithemis monardi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T60063A12216622. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T60063A12216622.en .
  14. ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Trithemis nuptialis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T60064A86136750. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60064A86136750.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  15. ↑ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F. (2016). "Trithemis pluvialis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T60065A86140049. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60065A86140049.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.


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