Ulmus 'Densa' | |
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![]() 'Densa' | |
Genus | Ulmus |
Cultivar | 'Densa' |
Origin | C. Asia |
The elm cultivar UlmusDensa was described from specimens growing near Ashkabad as U. densaLitv. in Schedae ad Herbarium Florae Rossicae (1908). [1] Litvinov, reporting it growing wild in the mountains of Turkestan, Ferghana, and Aksu, as well as in cultivation, considered it a species, a view upheld by the Soviet publications Trees and Shrubs in the USSR (1951) [2] and Flora of Armenia (1962), [3] and by some current plant lists. [4] [5] [note 1] Other authorities take it to be a form of U minor, distinctive only in its dense crown and upright branching. [6] [7] [8] The Moscow State University herbarium gives (2020) Ulmus minor as the "accepted name" of U. densaLitv.. [9] [10]
Litvinov considered U. minor 'Umbraculifera', with its "denser crown and more rounded form", a cultivar of U. densa, [6] calling it U. densa var. bubyriana. Rehder (1949) and Green (1964), ignoring reports of the wild form, considered U. densa a synonym of 'Umbraculifera'. [11] [12] The U. densa photographed by Meyer in Aksu, Chinese Turkestan on his 1911-12 expedition does not appear to be the tidy grafted cultivar 'Umbraculifera' and was said to be named 'Seda'. [13] [14] Zielińksi in Flora Iranica (1979) considered 'Umbraculifera' an U. minor cultivar. [15]
In its natural range U. densa overlaps with U. pumila. The extent of hybridization between the two is not known.
Litvinov noted that the tree "differed little from U. glabraMill." [:U. minor] [16] except in its erect branches and dense oblong crown. [17] The leaves were "generally smaller" [18] and the branches "smooth and lighter in colour". As with the hybrid U. × androssowii, its compact branch structure helps the tree conserve moisture. [19]
Not known.
Litvinov said that U. densa was "widely cultivated" in gardens in Turkestan. It is one of a number of elms known locally as 'karagach' or 'karagatch' [:'black tree' = elm]. [20] [21] [22] In western Europe U. densaLitv. was distributed by Hesse's Nurseries, Weener, Germany, in the 1930s. [23]
A large, well-grown specimen stands in Dushanbe Botanic Gardens, Tajikistan (2019). [24] [25]
These include one of the oldest of elm cultivars, 'Umbraculifera', and a number of elms introduced to the West by the Späth nursery of Berlin.
Meyer (1912) identified three cultivars of U. densa: 'Stamboul', 'Kitaisky' and 'Seda'. [26] [14]
The tree, or its cultivar form 'Umbraculifera', has hybridised with U. pumila to produce U. × androssowii.
None known.
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