Usun Apau National Park Taman Negara Usun Apau | |
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Map of Malaysia | |
Location | Miri Division, Sarawak, Malaysia |
Coordinates | 3°1.76′N114°38.98′E / 3.02933°N 114.64967°E (Wikidata) |
Area | 471.22 km2 (181.94 sq mi) |
Designated | 2005 |
Governing body | Sarawak Forestry Corporation (SFC) |
Usun Apau National Park (Malay : Taman Negara Usun Apau) is a national park in Sarawak, Malaysia, on the island of Borneo. It was designated in 2005. [1] It covers the Usun Apau Plateau in the highlands of central Borneo. [2]
Usun Apau is a volcanic plateau covering an area of approximately 1,550 km2, and averaging 1000 meters in elevation. There are three extinct volcanoes in the center of the plateau – Selidang (1,370 m), Kenawang (1,280 m), and Mabun (1,280 m). The northern, eastern, and western edges of the plateau end in steep escarpments nearly 300 meters high. Three rivers drop from the northern edge of the escarpment, including the Julan River, which forms the Julan waterfall almost 245 meters high. Streams from the plateau form the headwaters of the Rajang and Baram rivers. [2]
The plateau is covered by montane rain forests, including kerapa, a stunted forest of small trees with gnarled trunks and which forms on poor soil with bad drainage, and kerangas forest, made up of tall trees with thin trunks growing on infertile volcanic soil. [2] Hill dipterocarp forest covers the lower slopes of the plateau. [3]
The plateau is home to several vulnerable and near-threatened bird species, including the Bulwer's pheasant (Lophura bulweri), Bornean ground cuckoo (Carpococcyx radiceus), rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros), ferruginous partridge (Caloperdix oculeus), Dulit frogmouth (Batrachostomus harterti), Gould's frogmouth (Batrachostomus stellatus), Whitehead's trogon (Harpactes whiteheadi), Hose's broadbill (Calyptomena hosii), black oriole (Oriolus hosii), Sunda laughingthrush (Garrulax palliatus), and Everett's thrush (Zoothera everetti). It is designated an Important Bird Area. [3]
The gracile slender toad (Ansonia teneritas) is known only from the plateau and one other locality. [4]
The plateau is relatively inaccessible, with access to the base of the plateau on logging roads, and only trails and no roads on the plateau itself. [2]
In August 2022, Sarawak's premier Abang Abdul Rahman Johari Abang Openg announced that the Government of Sarawak would improve road access to the national park, and Julan Waterfall in particular, to open it to tourism, as part of the state's Post-COVID-19 Development Strategy through 2030. [5]
The Gunung Mulu National Park, also known simply as the Mulu National Park is a national park in Miri Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that encompasses caves and karst formations in a mountainous equatorial rainforest setting. The park is famous for its caves and the expeditions that have been mounted to explore them and their surrounding rainforest, most notably the Royal Geographical Society Expedition of 1977–1978, which saw over 100 scientists in the field for 15 months. This initiated a series of over 20 expeditions now named the Mulu Caves Project.
The rhinoceros hornbill is a large species of forest hornbill (Bucerotidae). In captivity it can live for up to 35 years. It is found in lowland and montane, tropical and subtropical climates and in mountain rain forests up to 1,400 metres in Borneo, Sumatra, Java, the Malay Peninsula, Singapore, and southern Thailand.
Maludam National Park is a national park in Betong Division, Sarawak, Malaysia on the island of Borneo. It is located in the Maludam Peninsula and consists entirely of low-lying, flat peat swamp forest. Such forests cover about 10% of the total land area of Sarawak, but have mostly been exploited for timber and plantation agriculture. The Maludam National Park encompasses the largest single patch of peat swamp forest remaining in Sarawak and Brunei.
Kayan Mentarang National Park is a densely forested national park located in the Indonesian province of North Kalimantan, on the island of Borneo. The national park is named after a great dispersed Mentarang mountain trails plateau of Apau Kayan which covers the entire park from Datadian area in south region to Apau Ping area in mid region until Long Bawan in north region.
The Kenyah people are an indigenous, Austronesian-speaking people of Borneo, living in interior North and East Kalimantan, Indonesia and Sarawak, Malaysia.
The Blyth’s frogmouth is a species of bird in the family Podargidae. They are brownish or rufescent brown with a slightly round bill and tail, and have tufts of bristles in front of the eyes and at the base of the bill. Batrachostomus occur from India and Sri Lanka, across mainland southeast Asia and as far as Borneo, Java, and Sumatra. More specifically, the Blyth’s frogmouths are scattered between southeastern Myanmar and Indonesia. Like other frogmouth species, they are insectivorous.
The large frogmouth is a species of bird in the family Podargidae. It is found in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest. Logging of its habitat poses a risk to its survival, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has listed it as a vulnerable species.
The Dulit frogmouth is a little-known species of bird in the frogmouth family, Podargidae, with a patchily recorded distribution in the mountain forests of northern and central Borneo to which it is endemic. The species is monotypic.
The Javan frogmouth, sometimes known as Horsfield's frogmouth, is a species of bird in the family Podargidae. It is sometimes considered conspecific with the Blyth's and Palawan frogmouths. Found in Southeast Asia, Indonesia and the Philippines, it lives in subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest.
The Bornean frogmouth is bird species in the family Podargidae. Some taxonomists consider it to be a subspecies of the short-tailed frogmouth, but others consider it to be a distinct species. It is found in Indonesia and Malaysia and is endemic to the island of Borneo. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Gould's frogmouth is a nocturnal species of bird in the order Caprimulgiformes and the family Podargidae. It is one of the 12 species in the Batrachostomus genus. Its common name commemorates the English ornithologist and bird artist John Gould (1804-1881).
The Borneo lowland rain forests is an ecoregion, within the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests biome, of the large island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. It supports approximately 15,000 plant species, 380 bird species and several mammal species. The Borneo lowland rain forests is diminishing due to logging, hunting and conversion to commercial land use.
The Borneo montane rain forests is an ecoregion on the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. It includes montane tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, also known as a cloud forests. The ecoregion is partly in East Malaysia and Indonesia (Kalimantan).
The Pulong Tau National Park is a national park in Kelabit Highlands in Limbang Division and Miri Division of Sarawak, Malaysia.
Mount Dulit is a mountain in Borneo. It peaks at 1,311 metres (4,301 ft) above sea level and stands at the head of the Baram River in northern Sarawak, Malaysia. It is a western outlier of the Bornean cordillera and is largely covered with montane tropical rainforest. It has given its name to various plants and animals including the Dulit frogmouth, Dulit partridge, the frog Rhacophorus dulitensis, the caecilian Ichthyophis dulitensis, the trilobite beetle genus Duliticola and the Vatica dulitensis tree. It is the site from which Charles Hose collected the holotype specimen of the rare and elusive Hose's palm civet in 1891.
Long Julan is a Kenyah longhouse in the interior of the Miri division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 524.6 kilometres (326 mi) east-northeast of the state capital Kuching.
Usun Apau Plieran is a remote abandoned Kenyah Jamuk, Badeng and Lepu Aga' village settled in 1860, Belaga district. To be exact, Usun Apau Plieran is located at the upstream of Sungai Plieran and Sungai Tiyut. The highest peak that close to this area are Bukit Busing 1300m and Mudung Batu Bora about 1450m. There are a few old longhouse sites in this area such as Long Metalon, Long Ampan Aing, Long Bora, Long Taa, Ka Laeh, Lidung Jelo and Lolau Mabo.
Lidung Jelo was an ancient remote Kenyah's longhouse settlement in the mountainous interior located by the Plieran river bank, Belaga division of Sarawak. There are many local fruit trees like durian, alim, terap, rambutan and langsat which still grows wild in these old settlement areas.
Ansonia teneritas, the gracile slender toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae, described in 2016. It is endemic to central Sarawak in Malaysian Borneo and is only known from two isolated mountain ridges. Its name is derived from its slender body.
Quercus percoriacea is a species of oak endemic to Borneo, where it is known only from northern Sarawak state of Malaysia. It is placed in Quercus subgenus Cerris, section Cyclobalanopsis.