Endau-Rompin National Park Taman Negara Endau-Rompin | |
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![]() View from the top of Janing Barat. | |
Location | Johor and Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia |
Nearest city | Kahang |
Area | 870 km2 (340 sq mi) |
Established | 1993 |
Governing body | Johor Park Corporation |
Endau-Rompin National Park (Malay: Taman Negara Endau-Rompin) is a protected tropical rainforest situated within a massif in the southern foothills of the Tenasserim Hills, straddling Segamat and Mersing Districts in northeastern Johor and Rompin District in southern Pahang. It covers a total land area of approximately 870 km2 (340 sq mi), making it the second-largest national park in Peninsular Malaysia after Taman Negara. It has approximately 26 km (16 mi) of trail. It is the second national park proclaimed by the government of Malaysia. Gunung Besar, the second-highest peak in Johor, is in the park.
The park takes its name from the Endau and Rompin rivers that flow through the park. Other rivers in the park are the Segamat, Selai, and Jasin.
There are two official entry points to the park: the Kampung Peta entrance located along the eastern boundary in Mersing District, and the Selai entrance at the southwestern boundary in Segamat District.
During the monsoon season from November till March, the park is closed to the public. Fishing is banned from September till October during the mating season.
The first scientific study of the area was conducted in 1892 by H.W. Lake and Lieutenant H.J. Kelsall. With the aid of the study, the forest complex of Endau-Kluang was gazetted as a forest reserve in 1933. Later in 1972, the forest reserve was expanded to include Lesong forest reserve in Pahang. [1]
In the same year, the federal government came up with a proposal to federally protect 2,000 km2 of the complex as a national park. At that time there was no legal mechanism to create a national park. In 1980, the National Parks Act 1980 (Malaysia) was passed by the Malaysian Parliament. However, dispute between federal and state powers prevented the creation of a national park in the area at that time. [2] Five years later, the Department of Wildlife and National Parks proposed roughly the same areas to be gazetted as wildlife sanctuary to protect the critically endangered Sumatran rhinoceros. [2] In 2022, Endau-Rompin National Park was declared an ASEAN heritage park.
Endau-Rompin is one of the oldest tropical rainforest complexes in the world and features rock formations some 248 million years old.
Mammals endemic to Endau-Rompin include the Malayan tiger, Indochinese leopard, Clouded leopard, Asian golden cat, Leopard cat, Marbled cat, Asian elephant, Malayan tapir, Bornean bearded pig, Banded pig, Barking deer, Sambar deer, Lesser mouse deer, Greater mouse deer, Sunbear, Long-tailed macaque, Pig-tailed macaque, Dusky leaf monkey and Banded Langur.
It used to have the largest remaining population of the threatened Northern Sumatran rhinoceros species on the Malay Peninsula, but they are now extinct in the wild for the whole of Malaysia. [3]
The Gollum's toad, Ingerophrynus gollum , is only known from the Endau-Rompin National Park. [4] [5]
Taman Negara is a national park in Peninsular Malaysia. It was established in 1938 and 1939 as the King George V National Park after Theodore Hubback lobbied the sultans of Pahang, Terengganu and Kelantan to set aside a piece of land that covers the three states for the creation of a protected area. After independence, it was renamed Taman Negara, which means "national park" in Malay.
The Segamat District or simply Segamat is a district in the Malaysian state of Johor. Segamat is also the name of the district's primary town. Segamat district is one of the three landlocked districts in Johor, the other being Kluang and Kulai.
Endau is a small town in Mersing District, Johor, Malaysia. It lies on the northern tip of east Johor, on the border with the Pahang state.
The Muar River is a river which flows through the states of Negeri Sembilan and Johor in Malaysia. Its drainage basin encompasses the states aforementioned, as well as Pahang and Malacca.
The state of Johor in Malaysia is noted for its national parks and forest reserves which preserve virgin rainforests known for its biodiversity and endangered species of animals. Mangrove swamps and coral reefs are also protected within these parks.
The National Zoo is a Malaysian zoo located on 110 acres (45 ha) of land in Ulu Klang, Gombak District, Selangor, Malaysia. It was officially opened on November 14, 1963, by the country's first prime minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman. The zoo is managed by a non-governmental organization known as the Malaysian Zoological Society and is home to 5,137 animals of 476 different species. It received MS ISO 9001:2008 certification in July 2007 and is a member of the South East Asian Zoos Association (SEAZA). The president and chairman of the zoo is Y. Bhg. Dato' Ismail Hutson.
Tourism in Malaysia is a major industry and contributor to the Malaysian economy. Malaysia was once ranked 9th in the world for tourist arrivals. In 2017, the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report ranked Malaysia 26 out of 141 countries using its Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI) which measures the various components and policies of a country that are in place to allow for the sustainable development of its travel and tourism sectors.
The National Parks Act 1980 is a Malaysian federal law that governs the creation and the maintenance national parks in Malaysia. It was created in 1980 during the controversy surrounding the protection of Endau Rompin forest complex. The act provides for the states to establish national parks to be administered by Department of Wildlife and National Parks under the federal government.
The wildlife of Malaysia is diverse, with Malaysia being a megadiverse country. Most of the country is covered in rainforest, which hosts a huge diversity of plant and animal species. There are approximately 361 mammal species, 694 bird species, 250 reptile species, and 150 frog species found in Malaysia. Its large marine territory also holds a great diversity of life, with the country's coastal waters comprising part of the Coral Triangle.
Livistona endauensis is a species of palm tree of the genus Livistona. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It has been called Endau fan palm in English. In Malay the palm is known as bertam or serdang Endau.
Ingerophrynus gollum is a toad species in the family Bufonidae, the true toads. It is endemic to the Peninsular Malaysia and has only been recorded from its type locality in the Endau-Rompin National Park, Johor. However, I. gollum is genetically so close to Ingerophrynus divergens that its validity as a distinct species can be questioned.
The Tenasserim Hills or Tenasserim Range is the geographical name of a roughly 1,700 km long mountain chain, part of the Indo-Malayan mountain system in Southeast Asia.
Johor is a state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula. It borders with Pahang, Malacca and Negeri Sembilan to the north. Johor has maritime borders with Singapore to the south and Indonesia to the east and west. As of 2023, the state's population is 4.19 million, making it the second most populous state in Malaysia, after Selangor. Johor Bahru is the capital city and the economic centre of the state, Kota Iskandar is the state administrative centre and Muar serves as the royal capital.
Mersing District is one of the 10 districts district in Johor, Malaysia. Its seat is located at Mersing Town.
The Indochinese leopard is a leopard subspecies native to mainland Southeast Asia and southern China. In Indochina, leopards are rare outside protected areas and threatened by habitat loss due to deforestation as well as poaching for the illegal wildlife trade. In 2016, the population was previously thought to comprise 973–2,503 mature individuals, with only 409–1,051 breeding adults. The historical range had decreased by more than 90%. However, as of 2019, it is estimated that there are 77-766 mature Indochinese leopards and that their numbers are decreasing.
The Zoo Taiping is a zoological park located at Bukit Larut, Taiping, Perak, Malaysia. Established in 1961, is the only zoo in northern Malaysia.
The Peninsular Malaysian rain forests is an ecoregion on the Malay Peninsula and adjacent islands. It is in the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests biome.
The Peninsular Malaysian montane rain forests is an ecoregion on the Malay Peninsula. It occupies the mountainous spine of the peninsula in Malaysia and southernmost Thailand. It is in the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests biome.
Taman Negeri Rompin or Rompin State Park is a state park located within Rompin District, in the state of Pahang, Malaysia. It spans an area of 31,797 hectares, consisting of lowland mixed dipterocarp forest, edaphic hill forest formation and rivers. The geological history of the park dates back at least 248 million years to the Permian-Carboniferous age, which the rock types include low grade metamorphics, igneous, granite and sedimentary sequence that has shaped the ecosystem within the protected area.