Discovery [1] | |
---|---|
Discovered by | Hebb et al. (SuperWASP) |
Discovery date | December 10, 2009 |
Transit | |
Designations | |
Banksia [2] | |
Orbital characteristics | |
0.01655 ± 0.00013 AU (2,476,000 ± 19,000 km) | |
Eccentricity | 0.0046+0.0044 −0.0028 [3] |
0.79 ± 0.0000003 d (18.9600000 ± 7.2×10−6 h; 68,256.000 ± 0.026 s) [1] | |
Inclination | 79.4±0.4 [3] |
Star | WASP-19 |
Physical characteristics | |
Mean radius | 1.386±0.032 [3] RJ |
Mass | 1.168±0.023 [3] MJ |
Mean density | 680 kg/m3 (1,150 lb/cu yd) |
Albedo | <0.26 [4] 0.16±0.04 [5] |
Temperature | 2350+168 −314 [6] 2240±40 [5] |
WASP-19b, formally named Banksia, [2] is an exoplanet, notable for possessing one of the shortest orbital periods of any known planetary body: 0.7888399 days or approximately 18.932 hours. It has a mass close to that of Jupiter (1.15 Jupiter masses), but by comparison has a much larger radius (1.31 times that of Jupiter, or 0.13 Solar radii); making it nearly the size of a low-mass star. [1] It orbits the star WASP-19 in the Vela constellation. At the time of discovery it was the shortest period hot Jupiter discovered as planets with shorter orbital periods had a rocky, or metallic composition.
A study in 2012, utilizing the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, determined the planetary orbit is well aligned with the equatorial plane of the star, misalignment equal to -15±11°. [7]
In 2013, secondary eclipse and orbital phases were barely observed from the data gathered with ASTEP telescope, making it the first detection of such kind through ground-based observations. This was possible due to the large size of the planet and its small semi-major axis. [4]
In 2019 the planet was observed with TESS and the eclipse of the planet was measured. The broad variations caused by the changing aspect of the heated face of the planet were measured. The study deduced that the dayside has a temperature of 2240 ± 40 K (1967 ± 40 °C) and that the planet reflects 16 ± 4 percent of the light that falls on it. The last value is relatively high compared to other planets. [8] [5]
Despite the short orbital period, orbital decay of WASP-19b was not detected as of 2019. [9]
In August 2022, this planet and its host star were included among 20 systems to be named by the third NameExoWorlds project. [10] The approved names, proposed by a team from Brandon Park Primary School in Wheelers Hill (Melbourne, Australia), led by scientist Lance Kelly and teacher David Maierhofer [11] were announced in June 2023. WASP-19b is named Banksia and its host star is named Wattle, after the Banksia and wattle plants. [2]
In December 2013, scientists working with the Hubble Space Telescope reported detecting water in the atmosphere of the exoplanet. [12] [13]
In September 2017, astronomers using the Very Large Telescope at the European Southern Observatory reported the detection of titanium oxide (TiO) in WASP-19b's atmosphere. [6] This was the first time titanium oxide had been detected in an exoplanet atmosphere. [14] They also detected a strongly scattering haze in the atmosphere as well as the element sodium, and additionally confirmed the presence of water. [6] Strong haze and barely discernible titanium oxide signal were confirmed in 2021, while no sign of water or alkali metals can be found. [15]
A study using TESS data concluded that the atmosphere of WASP-19b is moderately efficient at transporting heat from the dayside to the nightside. [5]
A carbon planet is a theoretical type of planet that contains more carbon than oxygen. Carbon is the fourth most abundant element in the universe by mass after hydrogen, helium, and oxygen.
XO-1 is a magnitude 11 G-type main-sequence star located approximately 530 light-years away in the constellation Corona Borealis. XO-1 has a mass and radius similar to the Sun. In 2006 the extrasolar planet XO-1b was discovered orbiting XO-1 by the transit method using the XO Telescope.
WASP-4b is an exoplanet, specifically a hot Jupiter, approximately 891 light-years away in the constellation of Phoenix.
WASP-6b, also named Boinayel, is an exoplanet approximately 650 light years away in the constellation Aquarius. It was discovered in 2008, by the WASP survey, by astronomical transit across its parent star WASP-6. This planet orbits at only 4% of the Earth-Sun distance. The planet has a mass half that of Jupiter, but its insolation has forced a thermal expansion of its radius to greater than that of Jupiter. Thus, this planet is an inflated hot Jupiter. Starspots on the host star WASP-6 helped to refine the measurements of the mass and the radius of the planet.
WASP-12b is a hot Jupiter orbiting the star WASP-12, discovered on April 1, 2008, by the SuperWASP planetary transit survey. The planet takes only a little over one Earth day to orbit its star, in contrast to about 365.25 days for the Earth to orbit the Sun. Its distance from the star is only the Earth's distance from the Sun, with an eccentricity the same as Jupiter's. Consequently, it has one of the lowest densities for exoplanets. On December 3, 2013, scientists working with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) reported detecting water in the atmosphere of the exoplanet. In July 2014, NASA announced finding very dry atmospheres on three exoplanets orbiting sun-like stars.
WASP-17b is an exoplanet in the constellation Scorpius that is orbiting the star WASP-17. Its discovery was announced on 11 August 2009. It is the first planet discovered to have a retrograde orbit, meaning it orbits in a direction counter to the rotation of its host star. This discovery challenged traditional planetary formation theory. In terms of diameter, WASP-17b is one of the largest exoplanets discovered and at half Jupiter's mass, this made it the most puffy planet known in 2010. On 3 December 2013, scientists working with the Hubble Space Telescope reported detecting water in the exoplanet's atmosphere.
WASP-18b is an exoplanet that is notable for having an orbital period of less than one day. It has a mass equal to 10 Jupiter masses, just below the boundary line between planets and brown dwarfs. Due to tidal deceleration, it is expected to spiral toward and eventually merge with its host star, WASP-18, in less than a million years. The planet is approximately 3.1 million km from its star, which is about 400 light-years from Earth. A team led by Coel Hellier, a professor of astrophysics at Keele University in England, discovered the exoplanet in 2009.
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HAT-P-14b, officially named Sissi also known as WASP-27b, is an extrasolar planet located approximately 224.2 ± 0.6 parsecs (731.2 ± 2.0 ly) away in the constellation of Hercules, orbiting the 10th magnitude F-type main-sequence star HAT-P-14. This planet was discovered in 2010 by the HATNet Project using the transit method. It was independently detected by the SuperWASP project.
WASP-33b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star HD 15082. It was the first planet discovered to orbit a Delta Scuti variable star. With a semimajor axis of 0.026 AU and a mass likely greater than Jupiter's, it belongs to the hot Jupiter class of planets.
WASP-43b, formally named Astrolábos, is a transiting planet in orbit around the young, active, and low-mass star WASP-43 in the constellation Sextans. The planet is a hot Jupiter with a mass twice that of Jupiter, but with a roughly equal radius. WASP-43b was flagged as a candidate by the SuperWASP program, before they conducted follow-ups using instruments at La Silla Observatory in Chile, which confirmed its existence and provided orbital and physical characteristics. The planet's discovery was published on April 14, 2011.
WASP-121b, formally named Tylos, is an exoplanet orbiting the star WASP-121. WASP-121b is the first exoplanet found to contain water in an extrasolar planetary stratosphere. WASP-121b is in the constellation Puppis, and is about 858 light-years from Earth.
WASP-121, also known as CD-38 3220, is a magnitude 10.4 star located approximately 858 light-years away in the constellation Puppis. WASP-121 has a mass and radius similar to the Sun's. It hosts one known exoplanet.
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−350 K is suspected on wide orbit.
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Media related to WASP-19b at Wikimedia Commons