Xenuroturris

Xenuroturris
Shell of Xenuroturris legitima (specimen at MNHN, Paris)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Order:	Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Conoidea
Family:	Turridae
Genus:	Xenuroturris Iredale, 1929
Synonyms [1]
ClamturrisIredale, 1931 Lophiotoma (Xenuroturris)Iredale, 1929

Xenuroturris also known as Iotyrris is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Turridae, the turrids. ^{[1] [2]}

Description

This genus characterized by a polygonal protoconch. The anterior siphonal canal is relatively short. The sinus rib is margined. ^[3]

Taxonomy

The genus Iotyrris was synonymized with Xenuroturris in 2024 following a comprehensive phylogenetic revision of the family Turridae. ^[4] Iotyrris had originally been distinguished from Xenuroturris based on radular morphology; while species of Xenuroturris were characterized by "duplex" marginal radular teeth, those assigned to Iotyrris possessed "semi-enrolled" marginal teeth. ^[4]

However, molecular analyses utilizing exon-capture data demonstrated that these radular traits were homoplastic and not consistent with the phylogeny. ^[4] The study found that species possessing duplex teeth (such as X. olangoensis, X. kingae, and X. notata) fell into the same well-supported clade as species with semi-enrolled teeth. ^[4] Because the radular morphology was found to lack diagnostic value at the generic level, ^[5] Iotyrris was reduced to a synonym of Xenuroturris. ^[6]

Distribution

This marine genus occurs in the Red Sea and extends from the tropical Indian Ocean to the tropical Pacific Ocean as far east as Hawaii; also off Australia (Queensland) and Mozambique in the Western Pacific Ocean.^{[ citation needed ]}

Species

Species within the genus Xenuroturris include: ^[1]

• † Xenuroturris antiselli (F. Anderson & B. Martin, 1914)
• Xenuroturris castanellus Powell, 1964 ^[7]
• Xenuroturris emmae Bozzetti, 1993 ^[8]
• Xenuroturris legitima Iredale, 1929
• Xenuroturris millepunctata (Sowerby III, 1908) ^[9] Species within the former genus Iotyrris include:
• Iotyrris cerithiformis (Powell, 1964)
• Iotyrris cingulifera (Lamarck, 1822)
• Iotyrris conotaxis Abdelkrim, Aznar-Cormano, Buge, Fedosov, Kantor, Zaharias & Puillandre, 2018
• Iotyrris devoizei Kantor et al., 2008 ^[10]
• Iotyrris kingae (Powell, 1964)
• Iotyrris marquesensis Sysoev, 2002 ^[11]
• Iotyrris musivum Kantor et al., 2008 ^[12]
• Iotyrris notata (G. B. Sowerby III, 1889)
• Iotyrris olangoensis (Olivera, 2002)

Synonyms

• † Xenuroturris bisculptusPowell, 1944: synonym of † Veruturris bisculptus (Powell, 1944)
• Xenuroturris cerithiformisPowell, 1964: ^[13] synonym of Iotyrris cerithiformis (Powell, 1964)
• Xenuroturris cingulifera(Lamarck, 1822): ^[14] synonym of Iotyrris cingulifera (Lamarck, 1822)
• † Xenuroturris cochleatusPowell, 1944: synonym of † Veruturris cochleatus (Powell, 1944)
• Xenuroturris coronaLaseron, 1954: synonym of Typhlomangelia corona (Laseron, 1954) (original combination)
• Xenuroturris gemmuloidesPowell, 1967: ^[15] synonym of Pseudogemmula gemmuloides (A. W. B. Powell, 1967)
• Xenuroturris kingaePowell, 1964: ^[16] synonym of Iotyrris kingae (Powell, 1964) (original combination)
• † Xenuroturris quadricarinatusPowell, 1944: synonym of † Veruturris quadricarinatus (Powell, 1944)
• † Xenuroturris subconcavus(G.F. Harris, 1897): synonym of † Veruturris subconcavus (G. F. Harris, 1897)
• † Xenuroturris tomopleuroidesPowell, 1944: synonym of † Veruturris tomopleuroides (Powell, 1944)

References

1. Xenuroturris Iredale, 1929 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 October 2010.
2. Iotyrris Medinskaya & Sysoev, 2001 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 4 October 2010.
3. Powell, A.W.B. (1967) The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 1a. The subfamily Turrinae concluded. Indo-Pacific Mollusca, 1, 409–444
4. Kantor et al. 2024, p. 13.
5. Kantor et al. 2024, p. 36.
6. Kantor et al. 2024, p. 1.
7. Xenuroturris castanella Powell, 1964 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
8. Xenuroturris emmae Bozzetti, 1993 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
9. Xenuroturris millepunctata (Sowerby III, 1908) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
10. Iotyrris devoizei Kantor et al., 2008 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
11. Iotyrris marquesensis Sysoev, 2002 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
12. Iotyrris musivum Kantor et al., 2008 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
13. Xenuroturris cerithiformis Powell, 1964 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
14. Xenuroturris cingulifera (Lamarck, 1822) . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
15. Xenuroturris gemmuloides Powell, 1967 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.
16. Xenuroturris kingae Powell, 1964 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species  on 14 April 2010.

Sources

• Abdelkrim, J.; Aznar-Cormano, L.; Buge, B.; Fedosov, A.; Kantor, Y.; Zaharias, P.; Puillandre, N. (2018). Delimiting species of marine gastropods (Turridae, Conoidea) using RAD sequencing in an integrative taxonomy framework. Molecular Ecology. 27(22): 4591-4611
• Kantor, Y.I., Puillandre, N., Olivera, B.M. & Bouchet, P. 2008. Morphological Proxies for Taxonomic Decision in Turrids (Mollusca, Neogastropoda): a Test of the Value of Shell and Radula Characters using Molecular Data. Zoological Science (Tokyo) 25: 1156-1170
• Kantor, Yuri; Bouchet, Philippe; Fedosov, Alexander; Puillandre, Nicolas; Zaharias, Paul (2024). "Generic revision of the Recent Turridae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea)" (PDF). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 90 (5) eyae032. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyae032.
• Medinskaya, A.A., & Sysoev, A.V. 2001. The foregut anatomy of the genus Xenuroturris (Gastropoda, Conoidea, Turridae), with a description of a new genus. Ruthenica 11: 7–14.
• Olivera, B.M. 2002. The gastropod genus Xenuroturris (Iredale, 1929) evaluated and a new turrid Lophiotoma olangoensis described from the Central Philippines. Science Diliman 14(2): 39-49

External links

• redale, T. (1929). Queensland molluscan notes, No. 1. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 9(3): 261-297, pls 30-31
• Iredale, T. (1931). Australian molluscan notes. No I. Records of the Australian Museum. 18(4): 201-235, pls. 22-25 Archived 2012-11-04 at the Wayback Machine
• Bouchet, P.; Kantor, Y. I.; Sysoev, A.; Puillandre, N. (2011). A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda). Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77(3): 273-308
• Tucker, J.K. (2004). "Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 682: 1–1295. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.682.1.1.