Yellow-chevroned parakeet

Last updated

Yellow-chevroned parakeet
Yellow-chevroned parakeet 1 BH Zoo.jpg
In Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes
Family: Psittacidae
Genus: Brotogeris
Species:
B. chiriri
Binomial name
Brotogeris chiriri
(Vieillot, 1818)
Brotogeris chiriri map.svg

The yellow-chevroned parakeet (Brotogeris chiriri) is native to tropical South America south of the Amazon River basin from central Brazil to southern Bolivia, Paraguay, and northern Argentina. Caged birds have been released in some areas, and the birds have established self-sustaining populations in the Miami, Florida, and Los Angeles and San Francisco, California. This bird seems to be doing better in its North American feral population than the closely related white-winged parakeet. The species is also established in the downtown area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and in Buenos Aires, Argentina; where it was introduced. The native population in South America continues to do well.

Contents

Description

The bird is 20–25 cm in length, and is mostly light green in color. It has a trailing yellow edge on its folded wings, which is also seen when the bird is in flight. It was considered conspecific with the white-winged parakeet until 1997. Wild birds primarily use disturbed forests and forest clearings around settlements. They rarely use deep tropical forests.

Diet

The bird feeds mostly on seeds and fruit in its native habitat, and feral populations have adapted to eat blossoms and nectar. During dry periods, which often leads to fruit scarcity, the bird adapts by eating more seeds, particularly from the plant Erythrina dominguezii. [2] [3] They also consume Bombacaceae trees, commonly known as silk cotton trees, which is the most popular food choice for the parakeet. [4] These birds have been observed participating in geophagia, the deliberate ingestion of soil, commonly in location of clay licks. [5] Feral birds also come to bird feeders. Yellow-chevroned parakeets also consume arboreal termite nests, which are made of a mixture of clay and organic matter, as well as termite feces and saliva that acts as glue for the nest. [6] The termite nests appear to provide more physiological benefits than ordinary ground soil, including macronutrients like potassium, magnesium, and aluminum, which may help with egg formation during the breeding season. [7]

Breeding

Yellow-chevroned parakeets usually find holes in trees for nesting. They also form nesting tunnels in dead palm fronds. The female lays four to five eggs. After raising their young, all birds form rather large communal roosts until the next breeding season.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rose-ringed parakeet</span> Species of bird

The rose-ringed parakeet, also known as the ringneck parrot or the Kramer parrot, is a medium-sized parrot in the genus Psittacula, of the family Psittacidae. It has disjunct native ranges in Africa and the Indian Subcontinent, and is now introduced into many other parts of the world where feral populations have established themselves and are bred for the exotic pet trade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-bellied elaenia</span> Species of bird

The yellow-bellied elaenia is a small bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. It breeds from southern Mexico and the Yucatán Peninsula through Central and South America as far as northern Argentina, and on Trinidad and Tobago.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toco toucan</span> Species of bird

The toco toucan is a species of bird in the toucan family Ramphastidae. It is the largest species of toucan and has a distinctive appearance, with a black body, a white throat, chest and uppertail-coverts, and red undertail-coverts. Its most conspicuous feature is its massive beak, which is yellow-orange with a black base and large spot on the tip. It is endemic to South America, where it has a wide distribution from the Guianas south to northern Argentina and Uruguay, and its range has recently been expanding southwards. Unlike other toucans, which inhabit continuous forests, toco toucans inhabit a variety of semi-open habitats at altitudes of up to 1,750 m. They are especially common in the Brazilian cerrado, gallery forests, and the wetlands of the Pantanal.

<i>Eupsittula canicularis</i> Species of Central American bird

Eupsittula canicularis, also known as the orange-fronted parakeet, orange-fronted conure, half-moon conure or Petz's conure is a Vulnerable species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found from western Mexico to Costa Rica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-winged parakeet</span> Species of bird

The white-winged parakeet, or canary-winged parakeet is a small parrot native to the Amazon River basin from southeast Colombia to the river's mouth in Brazil. Caged birds have been released and the birds have established self-sustaining populations in Lima, Peru, Los Angeles, and Miami, Florida areas of the United States, and in Puerto Rico. They were also present in San Francisco, California until the mid-2000s. Although feral birds are showing some recent declines as nesters in the United States, they seem to be doing well in their native habitat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden parakeet</span> Species of bird

The golden parakeet or golden conure, or the Queen of Bavaria conure is a medium-sized golden-yellow Neotropical parrot native to the Amazon Basin of interior northern Brazil. It is the only species placed in the genus Guaruba.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Feral parrot</span> Parrot in non-native environment

A feral parrot is a parrot that has adapted to life in an ecosystem to which it is not native. The birds are often descended from pets that have escaped or been deliberately released. Many species of parrots are highly social, and like to gather in large flocks. Not all feral parrots are able to adapt to life outside of captivity, although having a pre-existing nearby parrot colony can assist with the adaptation process.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cobalt-rumped parrotlet</span> Species of bird

The cobalt-rumped parrotlet or blue-winged parrotlet is a species of parrot in the family Psittacidae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peach-fronted parakeet</span> Species of bird

The peach-fronted parakeet, known as the peach-fronted conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, and Suriname.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caatinga parakeet</span> Species of bird

The Caatinga parakeet, also called the cactus parakeet and in aviculture the cactus conure, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to eastern Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Brown-throated parakeet</span> Species of bird

The brown-throated parakeet, also known as the St. Thomas conure or brown-throated conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in the subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Costa Rica, Panama, the northern mainland of South America, and islands off the South American coast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden-winged parakeet</span> Species of bird

The golden-winged parakeet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.

<i>Brotogeris</i> Genus of birds

Brotogeris is a genus of small parrots endemic to Central and South America. Their closest relatives are the monk parakeet and the cliff parakeet in the genus Myiopsitta. They eat seeds and fruit. The word brotogeris means "having the voice of a human". In the language of their native countries, which is mostly Spanish, they are called pericos – the translation of which is "parakeet". Their average lifespan is 15 years, although some have been reported to have lived up to 35 years. Also, the bird was found in Rio Grande do Sul in South America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cobalt-winged parakeet</span> Species of bird

The cobalt-winged parakeet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orange-chinned parakeet</span> Species of bird

The orange-chinned parakeet, also known as the Tovi parakeet, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found from southern Mexico through Central America into Colombia and Venezuela.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey-cheeked parakeet</span> Species of bird

The grey-cheeked parakeet, less commonly known as fire-winged parakeet, is a vulnerable species of bird in the subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Ecuador and Peru.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tui parakeet</span> Species of bird

The tui parakeet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and possibly Ecuador.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plain parakeet</span> Species of bird

The plain parakeet is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to Brazil.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern bristle tyrant</span> Species of bird

The southern bristle tyrant is a species of passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is found in Brazil, Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. This species is sometimes placed in the genus Phylloscartes. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Monk parakeet</span> South American true parrot

The monk parakeet, also known as the monk parrot or Quaker parrot, is a species of true parrot in the family Psittacidae. It is a small, bright-green parrot with a greyish breast and greenish-yellow abdomen. Its average lifespan is 20–30 years. It originates from the temperate to subtropical areas of South America. Self-sustaining feral populations occur in many places, mainly in areas of similar climate in North America and Europe.

References

  1. BirdLife International (2018). "Brotogeris chiriri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T22685963A130103839. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22685963A130103839.en . Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. Ragusa-Netto, J. (2002). "Exploitation of Erythrina dominguezii Hassl. (Fabaceae)nectar by perching birds in a dry forest in western Brazil". Brazilian Journal of Biology. 62 (4b): 877–883. doi: 10.1590/S1519-69842002000500018 . ISSN   1519-6984.
  3. Ragusa-Netto, J. (2004). "Flowers, fruits, and the abundance of the yellow-chevroned parakeet (Brotogeris chiriri) at a gallery forest in the South Pantanal (Brazil)". Brazilian Journal of Biology. 64 (4): 867–877. doi: 10.1590/S1519-69842004000500017 . ISSN   1519-6984.
  4. Paranhos, S. J. (2007). Feeding behavior of the Yellow-chevroned Parakeet at the northeast of the State of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Ararajuba, 15(1), 95–101.
  5. Costa-Pereira, Raul; Severo-Neto, Francisco; Inforzato, Igor; Laps, Rudi Ricardo; Pizo, Marco Aurélio (2015). "Nutrients Drive Termite Nest Geophagy in Yellow-chevroned Parakeets ( Brotogeris chiriri )". The Wilson Journal of Ornithology. 127 (3): 506–510. doi:10.1676/14-142.1. ISSN   1559-4491.
  6. Costa-Pereira, R., Severo-Neto, F., Inforzato, I., Laps, R. R., & Pizo, M. A. (2015). Nutrients drive termite nest geophagy in yellow-chevroned parakeets (brotogeris chiriri). The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 127(3), 506–510. https://doi.org/10.1676/14-142.1
  7. Costa-Pereira, R., Severo-Neto, F., Inforzato, I., Laps, R. R., & Pizo, M. A. (2015). Nutrients drive termite nest geophagy in yellow-chevroned parakeets (brotogeris chiriri). The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 127(3), 506–510. https://doi.org/10.1676/14-142.1

Further reading