KRT78

KRT78
Identifiers
Aliases	KRT78 , CK-78, K5B, K78, Kb40, keratin 78
External IDs	OMIM: 611159 MGI: 1917529 HomoloGene: 65261 GeneCards: KRT78
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (human)
End	52,849,092 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 15 (mouse)
End	101,862,722 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	cavity of mouth; ; amniotic fluid; ; body of tongue; ; gums; ; skin of abdomen; ; superior surface of tongue; ; human penis; ; vulva; ; vagina; ; thymus;
	Top expressed in
	esophagus; ; lip; ; condyle; ; conjunctival fornix; ; fossa; ; stomach; ; skin of back; ; cornea; ; molar; ; belly cord;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	structural molecule activity ;
Cellular component	intermediate filament ; keratin filament ; extracellular exosome ; extracellular space ; cytosol ;
Biological process	keratinization ; cornification ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	196374
	332131
	ENSG00000170423
	ENSMUSG00000050463
	Q8N1N4
	n/a
	NM_001300814 ; NM_173352
	NM_212487
	NP_001287743 ; NP_775487
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated August 19, 2023

Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 78 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT78 gene.^[5]^[6]

This gene is a member of the type II keratin gene family and encodes a protein with an intermediate filament domain. Keratins are the major structural proteins in epithelial cells, forming a cytoplasmic network of 10 to 12 nm wide intermediate filaments and creating a scaffold that gives cells the ability to withstand mechanical and non-mechanical stresses. The genes of the type II keratin family are located as a gene cluster at 12p13.13. Four pseudogenes of this gene family have been identified.^[6]

Related Research Articles

Keratin 6A is one of the 27 different type II keratins expressed in humans. Keratin 6A was the first type II keratin sequence determined. Analysis of the sequence of this keratin together with that of the first type I keratin led to the discovery of the four helical domains in the central rod of keratins. In humans Keratin 6A is encoded by the KRT6A gene.

Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 4 also known as cytokeratin-4 (CK-4) or keratin-4 (K4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT4 gene.

Keratin 3 also known as cytokeratin 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT3 gene. Keratin 3 is a type II cytokeratin. It is specifically found in the corneal epithelium together with keratin 12.

Type II keratins constitutes the Type II intermediate filaments (IFs) of the intracytoplasmatic cytoskeleton, which is present in all mammalian epithelial cells. The type 2 cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral, high molecular weight proteins which in vivo are arranged in pairs of heterotypic Type I and Type II keratin chains, coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. It has been seen that Type II Keratins are developed before Type 1 keratins during human embryonic development.

Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 10 also known as cytokeratin-10 (CK-10) or keratin-10 (K10) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT10 gene. Keratin 10 is a type I keratin.

Keratin 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT9 gene.

Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 19 also known as cytokeratin-19 (CK-19) or keratin-19 (K19) is a 40 kDa protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT19 gene. Keratin 19 is a type I keratin.

Keratin 16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT16 gene.

Keratin, type II cuticular Hb1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT81 gene.

Keratin, type II cuticular Hb6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT86 gene.

Keratin, type I cuticular Ha3-II is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT33B gene.

Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 23 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT23 gene.

Keratin, type I cuticular Ha2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT32 gene.

Keratin, type I cuticular Ha3-I is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT33A gene.

Keratin, type I cuticular Ha4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT34 gene.

Keratin, type II cuticular Hb5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT85 gene.

Keratin, type I cuticular Ha6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT36 gene.

Keratin 83, also known as KRT83, is a protein which humans is encoded by the KRT83 gene.

Keratin 80, also known as KRT80, is a protein which humans is encoded by the KRT80 gene.

Keratin 79 also known as KRT79 is a protein which humans is encoded by the KRT79 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170423 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000050463 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA, Langbein L, Lane EB, Magin TM, Maltais L, Omary MB, Parry DA, Rogers MA, Wright MW (Jul 2006). "New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins". J Cell Biol. 174 (2): 169–74. doi:10.1083/jcb.200603161. PMC 2064177 . PMID 16831889.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: KRT78 keratin 78".

Coulombe PA, Omary MB (2002). "'Hard' and 'soft' principles defining the structure, function and regulation of keratin intermediate filaments". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 14 (1): 110–22. doi:10.1016/S0955-0674(01)00301-5. PMID 11792552.
Mischke D, Wild G (1987). "Polymorphic keratins in human epidermis". J. Invest. Dermatol. 88 (2): 191–7. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12525329. PMID 2433356.
Rogers MA, Winter H, Langbein L, et al. (2000). "Characterization of a 300 kbp region of human DNA containing the type II hair keratin gene domain". J. Invest. Dermatol. 114 (3): 464–72. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00910.x . PMID 10692104.
Hesse M, Magin TM, Weber K (2002). "Genes for intermediate filament proteins and the draft sequence of the human genome: novel keratin genes and a surprisingly high number of pseudogenes related to keratin genes 8 and 18". J. Cell Sci. 114 (Pt 14): 2569–75. doi:10.1242/jcs.114.14.2569. PMID 11683385.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285 . PMID 14702039.
Hesse M, Zimek A, Weber K, Magin TM (2004). "Comprehensive analysis of keratin gene clusters in humans and rodents". Eur. J. Cell Biol. 83 (1): 19–26. doi:10.1078/0171-9335-00354. hdl: 11858/00-001M-0000-0012-EE54-6 . PMID 15085952.
Rogers MA, Edler L, Winter H, et al. (2005). "Characterization of new members of the human type II keratin gene family and a general evaluation of the keratin gene domain on chromosome 12q13.13". J. Invest. Dermatol. 124 (3): 536–44. doi: 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.23530.x . PMID 15737194.
Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129 . PMID 16344560.
Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948 . PMID 17353931.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170423 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000050463 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid16831889-5] Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA, Langbein L, Lane EB, Magin TM, Maltais L, Omary MB, Parry DA, Rogers MA, Wright MW (Jul 2006). "New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins". J Cell Biol. 174 (2): 169–74. doi:10.1083/jcb.200603161. PMC 2064177 . PMID 16831889.

[entrez-6] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: KRT78 keratin 78".

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KRT78

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading