1144 papal election

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Papal election
1144
Dates and location
9 March 1144
Rome
Key officials
Dean Corrado Demetri della Suburra
Protopriest Gherardo Caccianemici
Protodeacon Gregorio Tarquini
Elected pope
Gherardo Caccianemici
Name taken: Lucius II
←  1143
1145  →

The 1144 papal election followed the death of Pope Celestine II and resulted in the election of Pope Lucius II.

Contents

Election of Lucius II

Pope Celestine II died on 8 March 1144 at Rome, after a pontificate of only five months. [1] The election of his successor took place in the shadow of this municipal revolution, which opposed the secular rule of the Pope. [2] Celestine II was unable to recover full control over the city of Rome; in addition he had to face also the demands of the king Roger II of Sicily. [3] This problem remained unresolved on his death, because he had refused to confirm the privileges granted to Roger by his predecessor Innocent II. [3]

The cardinals present at Rome elected Cardinal Gherardo Caccianemici, priest of the titulus of S. Croce in Gerusalemme and former canon regular of S. Frediano di Lucca. The details concerning the place of the election or the exact date of electoral proceedings are not registered. [4] Since the elect was chancellor of the Holy See and close collaborator of both Innocent II and Celestine II, it may be assumed that the cardinals wanted to continue their policy, friendly towards the Empire and hostile towards the king Roger. [5] The elect took the name Lucius II and received episcopal consecration on 12 March 1144. [6]

Cardinal-electors

There were probably 39 cardinals in the Sacred College of Cardinals in March 1144. [7] Based on examination of the subscriptions of the papal bulls in 1144 [8] and the available data about the external missions of the cardinals, it is possible to establish that no more than 36 cardinals participated in the election:

ElectorCardinalatial TitleElevatedElevatorNotes
Corrado Demetri della Suburra Bishop of Sabina 1113/14Paschalis II Dean of the College of Cardinals; future Pope Anastasius IV (1153–1154)
Theodwin, O.S.B. Bishop of Santa Rufina ca. 1133Innocent II
Alberic de Beauvais, O.S.B.Cluny Bishop of Ostia 3 April 1138Innocent II
Étienne de Châlons, O.Cist. Bishop of Palestrina 21 February 1141Innocent II
Imar, O.S.B.Cluny Bishop of Tusculum 13 March 1142Innocent II
Pietro Bishop of Albano 17 September 1143Innocent II
Gherardo Caccianemici, Can.Reg.Priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme9 March 1123Callixtus II Protopriest; Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church; elected Pope Lucius II
Guido Florentinus Priest of S. Crisogono1139Innocent II
RainieroPriest of S. Prisca22 December 1139Innocent II
GoizoPriest of S. Cecilia22 December 1139Innocent II
Gregorio della Suburra Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere1 March 1140Innocent II
TommasoPriest of S. Vitale1 March 1140Innocent II
PietroPriest of S. Pudenziana20 September 1140Innocent IIArchpriest of the Vatican Basilica
Ubaldo Allucingoli Priest of S. Prassede16 December 1138Innocent IIFuture Pope Lucius III (1181–1185)
UbaldoPriest of SS. Giovanni e Paolo19 December 1141Innocent II
GilbertoPriest of S. Marco13 March 1142Innocent II
NiccoloPriest of S. Ciriaco13 March 1142Innocent II
ManfredoPriest of S. Sabina17 December 1143Celestine II
RainieroPriest of S. Stefano in Monte Celio17 December 1143Celestine II
Guido de Summa Priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso17 December 1143Celestine II
AribertoPriest of S. Anastasia17 December 1143Celestine II
Gregorio Tarquini Deacon of SS. Sergio e Bacco9 March 1123Callixtus II Protodeacon
Odone Bonecase Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro4 March 1132Innocent II
Guido PisanoDeacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano4 March 1132Innocent II
GerardoDeacon of S. Maria in Domnica27 May 1138Innocent II
Guido de Castro Ficeclo Deacon of Holy Roman Church1139Innocent II
PietroDeacon of S. Maria in Aquiro21 February 1141Innocent II
PietroDeacon of S. Maria in Portico19 September 1141Innocent II
GregorioDeacon of the Holy Roman Church19 December 1141Innocent II
GregorioDeacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria17 December 1143Celestine II
Astaldo degli Astalli Deacon of S. Eustachio17 December 1143Celestine II
Giovanni Caccianemici, Can.Reg.Deacon of S. Maria Nuova17 December 1143Celestine IINephew of the elect
Giovanni Paparoni Deacon of S. Adriano17 December 1143Celestine II
Ugo NovariensisDeacon of S. Lucia in Orphea17 December 1143Celestine II
RodolfoDeacon of S. Lucia in Septisolio17 December 1143Celestine II

Twenty two electors were created by Pope Innocent II, ten by Celestine II, two by Pope Callixtus II and one by Pope Paschalis II.

Absentees

ElectorCardinalatial TitleElevatedElevatorNotes
Rainaldo di Collemezzo, O.S.B.Cas.Priest of SS. Marcellino e Pietroca. 1139-1141Innocent II Abbot of Montecassino (external cardinal [9] )
Adenulf, O.S.B.Deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin16 December 1132Innocent IIAbbot of Farfa; papal legate in Germany [10]
Ottaviano de Monticelli Deacon of S. Nicola in Carcere25 February 1138Innocent IIPapal legate in the Kingdom of Sicily; [11] future Antipope Victor IV (1159–1164)

Notes

  1. ↑ Jaffé, II, p. 7
  2. ↑ Robinson, p. 78.
  3. 1 2 See Robinson, p. 387
  4. ↑ Jaffé, II, p. 7. Election in 1143 took place in the Lateran Basilica, in 1145 at the church S. Cesareo in Palatio.
  5. ↑ Robinson, p. 387
  6. ↑ Robinson, p. 525; Jaffé, II, p. 7.
  7. ↑ Reconstruction is based on Brixius, p. 22 note 4 with the following corrections: Bishop Rodolfo of Orte has been excluded because he was not a cardinal at that time (Zenker, p. 52-53). Additionally, Brixius indicates that also Bernardo da Pisa, future Pope Eugene III, belonged to the College of Cardinals (similarly Zenker, pp. 184–187), but see M. Horn: Studien zur Geschichte Papst Eugens III. (1145–1153), Peter Lang Verlag 1992, pp. 42–45.
  8. ↑ Jaffé, p.1 and 7
  9. ↑ Zenker, p. 191–192; see also G. Loud, The Latin Church in Norman Italy , Cambridge University Press, 2007, p. 157-158
  10. ↑ Mary Stroll, The Medieval Abbey of Farfa: Target of Papal and Imperial Ambitions, BRILL 1997, p. 254
  11. ↑ Bruno W. Häuptli (2004). "Victor IV. (Victor V., Ottaviano de' Monticelli), Gegenpapst 1159-1164". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 23. Nordhausen: Bautz. cols. 1533–1536. ISBN   3-88309-155-3.; he did not subscribe any papal bulls between 19 February and 14 May 1144 (Jaffé, p.1 and 7)

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