1934 NFL season

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1934 NFL season
Regular season
DurationSeptember 9 – December 9, 1934
East Champions New York Giants
West Champions Chicago Bears
Championship Game
Champions New York Giants
USA Midwest and Northeast.svg
Green pog.svg
Giants
Green pog.svg
Eagles
Green pog.svg
Dodgers
Green pog.svg
Pirates
Green pog.svg
Redskins
Yellow ffff00 pog.svg
Bears
Yellow ffff00 pog.svg
Cardinals
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Packers
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Reds
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Lions
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Gunners
NFL teams: Yellow ffff00 pog.svg West, Green pog.svg East

The 1934 NFL season was the 15th regular season of the National Football League (NFL). Before the season, the Portsmouth Spartans moved from Ohio to Detroit, Michigan, and were renamed the Detroit Lions.

Contents

The season ended on December 9 with the NFL Championship Game played for the new Ed Thorp Memorial Trophy. In this final game the New York Giants defeated the Chicago Bears 30–13 at the Polo Grounds in what has become known as the "Sneakers Game".

Overview

A total of 60 regular season games were played during course of the 1934 season. This was followed by the single game play-off between the Eastern division champion New York Giants and the Chicago Bears, undefeated winners of the Western division. This 1934 NFL Championship Game, held December 9 in New York City, was won by the Giants, 33 - 13, denying the Bears the first ever undefeated, untied season.

The Cincinnati Reds lost their first eight games — being shellacked 243–10 in the process — and then were suspended for not paying league dues. [1] The St. Louis Gunners, an independent team, played the last three games of the Reds' 1934 schedule in their stead, managing a surprising shutout victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates in the process. [1]

The top offensive team for the second consecutive year was the Chicago Bears, who racked up 3,750 yards — topping their 1933 total by more than 700. [2] Three other teams — the Boston Redskins, Detroit Lions, and Green Bay Packers — also finished with more yards gained than the 1933 high water mark. [2]

Despite the increase in yardage gained around the league, total passing totals showed a decline, with the average completion rate falling to 30.4% despite an almost equal number of attempts in 1934 compared to 1933. [2] Coaching attention to pass defense hampered the aerial attack although opening up running lanes, with the counterintuitive result that the league's increased offensive output came via the ground rather than the air. [2] Bears rookie running back Beattie Feathers set a new league record of 1,004 yards in 11 games, averaging 9.9 yards per carry en route to shattering the old league mark by nearly 300 yards. [2]

The top defensive unit of 1934 was the Detroit Lions — the freshly relocated and rebranded incarnation of the Portsmouth Spartans. The Lions shut out their first 7 opponents of the year in marching to a 10–0 record, only to lose once to the Packers and twice to the Bears to fall from contention. [1] The Lions still managed to finish the year allowing only 59 points — a niggardly 4.5 points per contest. [1]

The move of the goal posts to the goal line in an attempt to increase the number of field goals accomplished the desired aim of reducing deadlocked results, with more than 20 games decided by three points or less and no games ending in a tie for the first time since the league's inception. [2]

Teams

The league again included 10 teams during the 1934 season. However, the Cincinnati Reds franchise folded mid-season, with its final three games picked up by the St. Louis Gunners.

First season in NFL * Last active season †
TeamHead coachStadium
Boston Redskins William Dietz Fenway Park
Brooklyn Dodgers Cap McEwan Ebbets Field
Chicago Bears George Halas Wrigley Field
Chicago Cardinals Paul J. Schissler Comiskey Park
Cincinnati Reds Algy Clark (various)
Detroit Lions George Clark University of Detroit Stadium
Green Bay Packers Curly Lambeau City Stadium and Wisconsin State Fair Park
New York Giants Steve Owen Polo Grounds
Philadelphia Eagles Lud Wray Baker Bowl
Pittsburgh Pirates Luby DiMeolo Forbes Field
St. Louis Gunners Chile Walsh Sportsman's Park

Major rule changes

Final standings

NFL Eastern Division
WLTPCTDIVPFPASTK
New York Giants 850.6157–1147107L1
Boston Redskins 660.5005–310794W1
Brooklyn Dodgers 470.3644–461153L3
Philadelphia Eagles 470.3643–512785W2
Pittsburgh Pirates 2100.1671–751206L7
Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.
NFL Western Division
WLTPCTDIVPFPASTK
Chicago Bears 13001.0008–028686W13
Detroit Lions 1030.7695–323859L3
Green Bay Packers 760.5384–5156112W1
Chicago Cardinals 560.4554–58084W1
St. Louis Gunners 120.3330–22761L2
Cincinnati Reds 080.0000–610243L8

NFL Championship Game

N.Y. Giants 30, Chi. Bears 13 at Polo Grounds, New York City, December 9, 1934

Statistical leaders

The 1934 season marked the third year in which official statistics were tracked and retained by the NFL. [4] Certain statistics later regarded as staples were not maintained, including interceptions, punting average, kickoff return yardage and average, and field goal percentage, among others. [1]

Halfback Beattie Feathers of the Chicago Bears rushed for more than 1,000 yards for the first time in league history. [5] This shattered the previous league record by nearly 300 yards. [5] In the table below, ‡ denotes a new NFL record.

NameTeamYards
Passing1. Arnie "Flash" Heber Green Bay Packers799
2. Warren Heller Pittsburgh Pirates511
3. Harry Newman New York Giants391
Rushing1. Beattie Feathers Chicago Bears1,004 ‡
2. Swede Hanson Philadelphia Eagles805
3. Dutch Clark Detroit Lions763
Receiving1. Harry Ebding Detroit Lions264
2. Joe Carter Philadelphia Eagles238
3. Joe Skladany Pittsburgh Pirates222
Touchdowns1. Beattie FeathersChicago Bears9 ‡
2. Swede HansonPhiladelphia Eagles8
2. Dutch ClarkDetroit Lions8

Source: Gary Gillette, et al. (eds.), The ESPN Pro Football Encyclopedia. First Edition. New York: Sterling Publishing, 2006; p. 1042.

Coaching changes

Stadium changes

Awards

The Ed Thorp Memorial Trophy was established as the league's award for the NFL champion, and was awarded through 1967. The host team for the NFL Championship Game would now alternate between the two divisions, with the Eastern Division champion hosting in even-numbered years, and the Western champion hosting in odd-numbered years. [7]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Gary Gillette, et al. (eds.), The ESPN Pro Football Encyclopedia. First Edition. New York: Sterling Publishing, 2006; p. 1042.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Joe F. Carr (ed.), Official Guide of the National Football League, 1935. New York: American Sports Publishing Co., 1935; pp. 43-44.
  3. Schultz, Mark. "NFL100: 90-year old rules made for a different game". Football Zebras. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  4. Gillette, et al. (eds.), The ESPN Pro Football Encyclopedia. First Edition. New York: Sterling Publishing, 2006; p. 1040.
  5. 1 2 Ned Irish, "National Football League Statistics," in Joe F. Carr (ed.) Official Guide of the National Football League 1935. New York: American Sports Publishing Co., 1935; pp. 43–44.
  6. "Cincinnati Football Reds". Cincy Sports History. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved June 13, 2011.
  7. "Thorp memorial trophy for pro football champs". The Day. New London, Connecticut. Associated Press. July 2, 1934. p. 14.

Further reading