1958 Pacific typhoon season | |
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Seasonal boundaries | |
First system formed | January 6, 1958 |
Last system dissipated | December 8, 1958 |
Strongest storm | |
Name | Ida |
• Maximum winds | 325 km/h (200 mph) (1-minute sustained) |
• Lowest pressure | 877 hPa (mbar) |
Seasonal statistics | |
Total depressions | 24 |
Total storms | 23 |
Typhoons | 21 |
Super typhoons | 9 (unofficial) |
Total fatalities | Unknown |
Total damage | Unknown |
Related articles | |
The 1958 Pacific typhoon season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The season had no official bounds, but tropical cyclones in the Western Pacific Ocean normally develop between May and October. The season was below average in storms, with only twenty-three forming. However, all but two of those storms developed into typhoons, resulting in a well above-average number of typhoons, and a very high ACE figure of 445.8 units. In addition, there were also nine tropical storms tracked only by the JMA. The season began very early, with a very rare super typhoon in January, Typhoon Ophelia, and ended in early December with Typhoon Olga. It also featured Typhoon Ida, the strongest storm ever recorded at that time.
The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1958 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Fleet Weather Center on Guam.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | January 6 – January 17 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 260 km/h (160 mph) (1-min); 940 hPa (mbar) |
At noon on December 31, a vortex was noted along the Intertropical Convergence Zone about 1,300 miles (2,100 km) south of Hawaii. On January 7, the relatively small tropical storm struck Jaluit Atoll within the southern Marshall Islands, killing 14 people. It rapidly intensified, and reached winds of 140 miles per hour (230 km/h) the next day. Conditions became unfavorable, and steadily weakened to 105 miles per hour (169 km/h) winds. Ponape was struck on January 10, where Ophelia tore off the roof of the United States Weather Bureau office. On January 11, Truk was struck. The Weather Bureau's inflation shelter was destroyed, with other buildings on site severely damaged. On the 12th, favorable conditions allowed Ophelia to reintensify, reaching a peak of 160 miles per hour (260 km/h) on the 13th. Ophelia severely impacted Yap, removing the Weather Bureau office's sheet metal roof and damaging the inflation building, theodolite, and radio antenna. [1] After maintaining that intensity for 18 hours, it quickly weakened as it drifted northward, and dissipated on the 17th. Typhoon Ophelia caused widespread damage on several islands of the Western Pacific. [2] Ophelia also killed nine people when a USAF WB-50 crashed during a recon flight into the storm on January 15. [3]
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | April 29 – April 30 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min); 995 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm 02 developed on April 29. It struck Philippines before dissipating on the following day.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | May 23 – June 2 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 295 km/h (185 mph) (1-min); 940 hPa (mbar) |
On May 29, Super Typhoon Phyllis attained a peak of 185 miles per hour (298 km/h), the strongest typhoon on record in May at the time. [4] Phyllis remained over open waters, and dissipated on June 2, southeast of Japan.
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | May 26 – June 6 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 90 km/h (55 mph) (1-min); 990 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm 04 developed in the South China Sea on May 26. It struck the Chinese province of Guangdong and Hainan, before dissipating on June 6.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | June 7 – June 13 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min); 985 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Rita existed from June 7 to June 13 in which it didn't bring any significant damage to land.
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | June 8 – June 13 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 70 km/h (45 mph) (1-min); 998 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm 06 developed on June 8. It crossed the Ryukyu Islands of Japan, before dissipating on June 13.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | June 13 – June 17 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min); 985 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Susan existed from June 13 to June 17.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | June 28 – July 6 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min); 1000 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Tess developed in the vicinity of the Federated States of Micronesia on June 28. The storm moved generally west-northwestward and northwestward, reaching the Ryukyu Islands before dissipating on July 6.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | July 8 – July 14 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min); 965 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Viola existed from July 8 to July 14.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | July 11 – July 17 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 280 km/h (175 mph) (1-min); 925 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm Winnie formed on July 12 to the east of Luzon. It moved northwestward, rapidly intensifying to a Category 4 typhoon within 12 hours. The typhoon weakened slightly, but rapidly strengthened to a 175-mile-per-hour (282 km/h) super typhoon just before hitting eastern Taiwan on the 15th. Winnie rapidly weakened over the mountainous terrain, and after crossing the Formosa Strait Winnie hit southeastern China. It continued to weaken over land, and dissipated on the 17th. [5] Winnie caused 31 casualties and 53 injuries in Taiwan while crossing. [6]
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | July 13 – July 16 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min); 985 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Betty existed in the South China Sea from July 13 to July 16.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | July 13 – July 24 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min); 925 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm Alice developed on July 14 in the open western Pacific Ocean. It moved to the northwest and attained typhoon status on the 16th. Alice rapidly intensified on the 19th to a 150-mile-per-hour (240 km/h) super typhoon, and after turning to the northeast it weakened. Alice hit southeastern Japan on the 22nd, and became extratropical on the 24th near the Kamchatka Peninsula. [5]
Shortly after Typhoon Alice made landfall, storm surges occurred in Tokyo Bay, [7] causing floods in Kōtō and Edogawa on Shitamachi region. [8] [9] [10] In the area of Kameido (now a station), storm surge in Tokyo Bay reached 2.89 meters in height. Storm surges caused flooding of rivers around Tokyo Bay [9] that damaged 21 ships, damaged 27,673 hectare of crops, destroyed 1,089 and inundated 46,243 houses. Alice caused the deaths of 26 people in total, injuring 64 people and 14 people went missing. [11]
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | July 19 – July 25 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min); 992 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm Fourteen developed in the South China Sea on July 19. It struck Fujian before dissipating on July 25.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | July 22 – July 29 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min); 935 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Doris existed from July 22 to July 29.
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | August 5 – August 11 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 145 km/h (90 mph) (1-min); 995 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon 16 developed in the South China Sea on August 5. It struck China before dissipating on August 11.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | August 4 – August 9 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min); 965 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Elsie existed from August 4 to August 9.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | August 21 – August 26 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 165 km/h (105 mph) (1-min); 970 hPa (mbar) |
On August 21, a tropical depression formed in the open ocean and moved northward. It reached tropical storm status later that day, and attained typhoon strength on the 22nd. Flossie peaked at 105 miles per hour (169 km/h) on the 22nd, and weakened to a 70-mile-per-hour (110 km/h) tropical storm just before hitting the southeastern coast of Japan on the 25th. Flossie turned to the east, and after becoming extratropical on the 26th the storm dissipated on the 27th. [5] The storm caused 15 casualties (with 30 missing) and 39 injuries in Tokyo. [6]
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | August 25 – August 31 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 105 km/h (65 mph) (1-min); 994 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm 18 existed from August 25 to August 31.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | August 27 – September 10 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 305 km/h (190 mph) (1-min); 905 hPa (mbar) |
Another typhoon developed in the vicinity of the Federated States of Micronesia on August 29. The system moved northwestward and eventually strengthened into a super typhoon. Grace peaked with a minimum barometric pressure of 905 mbar (26.7 inHg). It later struck Zhejiang before becoming extratropical on September 5.
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | September 2 – September 13 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 105 km/h (65 mph) (1-min); 986 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm 24 existed from September 2 to September 13.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | September 9 – September 20 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 280 km/h (175 mph) (1-min); 920 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Helen, which formed on September 9, rapidly intensified to a 175-mile-per-hour (282 km/h) super typhoon on the 14th. It moved to the northeast, and steadily weakened until hitting southeastern Japan as a 105-mile-per-hour (169 km/h) typhoon on the 17th. It paralleled the Japanese coastline, and after turning northward it became extratropical on the 19th in the Sea of Okhotsk. [5] Helen's effects caused 24 fatalities (with 44 missing) and 108 injuries. [6]
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | September 20 – September 27 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 325 km/h (200 mph) (1-min); 877 hPa (mbar) |
On September 20, Tropical Storm Ida formed in the central Western Pacific. It moved to the west, rapidly strengthening to a 115-mile-per-hour (185 km/h) typhoon by the next day. On the 22nd Ida turned to the north and quickly intensified, reaching super typhoon status on the 23rd and peak winds of 200 miles per hour (320 km/h) on the 24th. Such winds are speculative, due to the lack of satellite or quality in measurements, but Ida was likely a formidable typhoon with a record low pressure (at the time) of 877 mbar. [12] Ida weakened as it continued to the north-northeast, and made landfall on southeastern Honshū with winds of 80 miles per hour (130 km/h) on the 26th. It became extratropical the next day, and dissipated on the 28th to the east of the country. [5] Ida caused torrential flooding to southeastern Japan, resulting in over 1,900 mudslides. Damage along the coastline was extensive, including two small villages that were washed away completely. Nearly 500,000 were left homeless, [13] 888 were killed, 496 were injured, and 381 were missing from the storm. [14]
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | September 20 – September 22 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min); 990 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon June existed from September 20 to September 22. Its track was somewhat similar to Hurricane Patsy in the 1959 Pacific hurricane season.
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | September 24 – September 29 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 70 km/h (45 mph) (1-min); 1000 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm 24 existed from September 24 to September 29.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | October 21 – October 27 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min); 975 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Kathy developed just east of the Philippines on October 21. It moved across the islands and entered the South China Sea. There, the system strengthened, and subsequently dissipated on October 27.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | October 23 – November 3 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 205 km/h (125 mph) (1-min); 940 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Lorna existed from October 23 to November 3.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | October 26 – November 3 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 220 km/h (140 mph) (1-min); 940 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Marie existed from October 26 to November 3.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | November 21 – November 26 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 260 km/h (160 mph) (1-min); 920 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Nancy developed near Palau on November 21. The system strengthened into a super typhoon, peaking with a minimum barometric pressure of 920 mbar (27 inHg). Nancy dissipated on November 26.
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Tropical storm (SSHWS) | |
Duration | November 30 – December 4 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min); 1000 hPa (mbar) |
Tropical Storm Pamela existed from November 30 to December 4.
Typhoon (JMA) | |
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | December 2 – December 8 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 230 km/h (145 mph) (1-min); 950 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon Olga existed from December 2 to December 8.
Tropical storm (JMA) | |
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS) | |
Duration | December 9 – December 12 |
---|---|
Peak intensity | 125 km/h (80 mph) (1-min); 985 hPa (mbar) |
Typhoon 31 existed from December 9 to December 12.
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The 2004 Pacific typhoon season was an extremely active season that featured the second-highest ACE ever recorded in a single season, second only to 1997, which featured 29 named storms, nineteen typhoons, and six super typhoons. It was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation, in which tropical cyclones form in the western Pacific Ocean. The season ran throughout 2004, though most tropical cyclones typically develop between May and October. The season's first named storm and also the first typhoon, Sudal, developed on April 4, later was reached typhoon status two days later, and became the first super typhoon of the year three days later. The season's last named storm, Noru, dissipated on December 21.
The 2001 Pacific typhoon season was an average season with twenty-six named storms, sixteen typhoons and three super typhoons, with a near normal Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) of 307.3 units. It ran year-round in 2001, with most tropical cyclones in the northwestern Pacific Ocean tending between May and November.
The 2000 Pacific typhoon season marked the first year using names contributed by the World Meteorological Organization. It was a rather below-average season, producing a total of 23 tropical storms, 13 typhoons and 4 intense typhoons. The season ran throughout 2000, though typically most tropical cyclones develop between May and October. The season's first named storm, Damrey, developed on May 7, while the season's last named storm, Soulik, dissipated on January 4 of the next year. The Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) index for the 2000 Pacific typhoon season as calculated by Colorado State University using data from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center was 252.9 units.
The 1979 Pacific hurricane season was an inactive North Pacific hurricane season, featuring 10 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 4 major hurricanes. All tropical cyclone activity this season was confined to the Eastern Pacific, east of 140°W. For the first time since 1977, no tropical cyclones formed in, or entered into the Central Pacific, between 140°W and the International Date Line.
The 1998 Pacific typhoon season was the least active Pacific typhoon season on record, until it was surpassed 12 years later. It would produce 16 tropical storms, 8 strengthening into typhoons. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1998 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west Pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.
The 1996 Pacific typhoon season was a relatively active season, producing 30 tropical storms, 16 typhoons and six super typhoons. It has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1996, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. However the first named storm, Ann, did not develop until April 3. The final named storm, Greg, dissipated on December 27.
The 1994 Pacific typhoon season was an extremely active season in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation in the Western North Pacific, being the second most active season in the basin, only behind 1964. With a total of 36 tropical storms, where 20 of them reached typhoon strength and 6 further strengthening into super typhoons, during the course of the season, much like the Pacific hurricane season. The season had no official bounds and it ran year-round in 1994, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. Tropical storms that formed west of the date line were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. The World Meteorological Organization-designated Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre for tropical cyclones for the region is the Japan Meteorological Agency. Tropical depressions that entered or formed in the Philippine area of responsibility were assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can result in some storms having two names.
The 1983 Pacific typhoon season was the latest start for a Pacific typhoon season on record, and also slightly below-average in terms of named storms. It ran year-round in 1983, but all tropical cyclones formed between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. A total of 32 tropical depressions formed this year, of which only 23 became tropical storms and were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Additionally, tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names. This year, a total of 23 storms were named this way.
The 1980 Pacific typhoon season was a slightly-below average season when compared to the long-term average, though it featured several intense storms. It ran year-round in 1980, but most tropical cyclones formed between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. A total of 28 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 24 became tropical storms and were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Beginning in March, tropical cyclones formed in each subsequent month through December. Of the 24 named storms, 15 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 2 reached super typhoon strength.
The 1979 Pacific typhoon season featured the largest and most intense tropical cyclone recorded globally, Typhoon Tip. The season also used both male and female names as tropical cyclone names for the first time. Additionally, the season was slightly below-average in terms of tropical cyclone activity, with only 24 storms, 12 typhoons, and 4 super typhoons developing. The season had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1979, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1959 Pacific typhoon season was regarded as one of the most devastating years for Pacific typhoons on record, with China, Japan and South Korea sustaining catastrophic losses. It was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The season had no official bounds, but tropical cyclones in the Western Pacific Ocean normally develop between May and October.
The 1976 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1976, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1970 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1970, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1975 Pacific typhoon season was one of the deadliest tropical cyclone seasons on record, with nearly 229,000 fatalities occurring during the season. It had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1975, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1971 Pacific typhoon season was an extremely active season that featured the second highest typhoon count on record. It has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1971, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1972 Pacific typhoon season was an above average season, producing 31 tropical storms, 24 typhoons and 2 intense typhoons. It has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1972, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1965 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1965, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1960 Pacific typhoon season had no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1960, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1957 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1957, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.
The 1939 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1939, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.