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| Constitutional history of Turkey |
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| Constitutional documents |
| Constitutions |
| Referendums |
| Constitutional Court |
A constitutional referendum was held in Turkey on 7 November 1982. The new constitution was approved by 91% of voters, with a 91% turnout. [1]
In 1980 the Grand National Assembly was scheduled to elect a new President to replace Fahri Korutürk. However, the parties were unable to agree on a candidate, and on 12 September 1980, the Turkish Armed Forces led by Kenan Evren staged a coup d'état, dissolved the Grand National Assembly and started ruling the country through the National Security Council.
The NSC set up a Consultative Assembly and appointed all 160 members. Political parties were shut down, and those who had been members of parties were excluded from the Assembly. [2] It worked from 23 November 1981 and 17 July 1982 to draw up the new constitution, [3] which would replace the 1961 document. Evren claimed the 1961 constitution had liberties "luxurious" for Turkey. [4]
One of the transitional provisions of the constitution named Evren as President until 1989. [5] The constitution also banned civil society organisations from political activity, whilst political parties were banned from working with civil society organisations, including trade unions. [2] The Army was given a majority in the National Security Council, which was also deemed to be superior to the cabinet. [2]
| Choice | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| For | 17,215,559 | 91.37 | |
| Against | 1,626,431 | 8.63 | |
| Total | 18,841,990 | 100.00 | |
| Valid votes | 18,841,990 | 99.77 | |
| Invalid/blank votes | 43,498 | 0.23 | |
| Total votes | 18,885,488 | 100.00 | |
| Registered voters/turnout | 20,690,914 | 91.27 | |
| Source: Nohlen et al. | |||
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Ahmet Kenan Evren was a Turkish politician and military officer who served as the seventh President of Turkey from 1980 to 1989. He assumed the post by leading the 1980 military coup.
The prime minister of Turkey, officially the prime minister of the Republic of Türkiye, was the head of government of the Republic of Türkiye from 1920 to 2018, who led a political coalition in the Turkish Parliament and presided over the cabinet. Throughout the political history of Turkey, functions and powers of the post have changed occasionally. Prior to its dissolution as a result of the 2017 Constitutional Referendum, the holder of the premiership was generally the dominant figure in Turkish politics, outweighing the president.
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The 1980 Turkish coup d'état, headed by Chief of the General Staff General Kenan Evren, was the third coup d'état in the history of the Republic of Turkey, the previous having been the 1960 coup and the 1971 coup by memorandum.
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The Constitution of Turkey, formally known as the Constitution of the Republic of Türkiye, also known as the Constitution of 1982, is Turkey's fundamental law. It establishes the organization of the government,and sets out the principles and rules of the state's conduct along with its responsibilities in regards to its citizens. The constitution also establishes the rights and responsibilities of the latter while setting the guidelines for the delegation and exercise of sovereignty that belongs to the Turkish people.
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Events in the year 1983 in Turkey.
The Advisory Parliament existed from 15 October 1981 to 6 December 1983. It was established by the military rule of 1980 Turkish coup d'état. 120 MPs were representatives of the provinces and 40 MPs were appointed by the military rule.
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| Presidential elections | |
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| Parliamentary elections | |
| Local elections | |
| Senate elections | |
| Referendums | |
| By-elections | |
See also: Elections in the Ottoman Empire | |
