2012 Nobel Prizes

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The 2012Nobel Prizes were awarded by the Nobel Foundation, based in Sweden. Six categories were awarded: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences. [1]

Contents

Nobel Week took place from December 6 to 12, including programming such as lectures, dialogues, and discussions. The award ceremony and banquet for the Peace Prize were scheduled in Oslo on December 10, while the award ceremony and banquet for all other categories were scheduled for the same day in Stockholm. [2] [3]

Prizes

Physics

Awardee(s)
Serge Haroche - Theatre de la Commune d'Aubervilliers - 4 mai 2009.jpg Serge Haroche

(b. 1944)

Flag of France (lighter variant).svg French"for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems." [4]
David Wineland 2008crop.jpg [[[David J. Wineland]]

(b. 1944)

Flag of the United States.svg American

Chemistry

Awardee(s)
Lefkowitz3.jpg Robert Lefkowitz

(b. 1943)

Flag of the United States.svg American"for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors" [5]
Brian Kobilka (649437151).jpg Brian Kobilka

(b. 1955)

Physiology or Medicine

Awardee(s)
John Gurdon Cambridge 2012.JPG Sir John B. Gurdon

(b. 1933)

Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent" [6]
Shinya Yamanaka 3x4.jpg Shinya Yamanaka

(b. 1962)

Flag of Japan.svg  Japan

Literature

Awardee(s)
MoYan Hamburg 2008 (cropped).jpg Mo Yan

(b. 1955)

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary" [7]

Peace

Awardee(s)
Flag of Europe.svg European Union

(founded 1958)

European Union"for over six decades contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe." [8]

Economic Sciences

Awardee(s)
Al Roth, Sydney Ideas lecture 2012d.jpg Alvin E. Roth

(b. 1951)

Flag of the United States.svg  United States "for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design" [9]
Shapley, Lloyd (1980) crop.jpg Lloyd S. Shapley

(1923–2016)

Controversies

Peace

The Peace Prize's awarding to the European Union drew various criticisms from Eurosceptics and both Europe's far-left and far-right; detractors questioned the union's alleged record of peacemaking activities and peace outcomes. [10] [11] [12] Previous laureates Desmond Tutu, Mairead Maguire and Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, in an open letter written to the Nobel Foundation, also criticized the awarding on the basis of the European Union's imposition of "... security based on military force and waging wars rather than insisting on the need for an alternative approach". [13]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nobel Prize</span> Prizes established by Alfred Nobel in 1895

The Nobel Prizes are five separate prizes awarded to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind, as established by the 1895 will of Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist Alfred Nobel, in the year before he died. Prizes were first awarded in 1901 by the Nobel Foundation. Nobel's will indicated that the awards should be granted in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. A sixth prize for Economic Sciences, endowed by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, and first presented in 1969, is also frequently included, as it is also administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel Prizes are widely regarded as the most prestigious awards available in their respective fields.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</span> One of the five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Alfred Nobel

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895, awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. This award is administered by the Nobel Foundation, and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on proposal of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry which consists of five members elected by the Academy. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dawn Gifford Engle</span> American peace activist & film director

Dawn Engle is the co-founder and former executive director of the non-profit PeaceJam Foundation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Nobel Peace Prize</span> Edition of award

The 2012 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the European Union (EU) "for over six decades [having] contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe" by a unanimous decision of the Norwegian Nobel Committee.

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The 2005Nobel Prizes were awarded by the Nobel Foundation, based in Sweden. Six categories were awarded: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences. Typically announced in early October alongside the other prizes, the Literature Prize experienced a delay.

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References

  1. ↑ "Nobel Prizes 2012". www.cbsnews.com. 2012-12-10. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
  2. ↑ Royen, Ulrika (2013-06-01). "Video - The 2012 Nobel Peace Prize Award Ceremony". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
  3. ↑ Royen, Ulrika (2015-01-08). "Photo gallery - The Nobel Prize Award Ceremony 2012". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
  4. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 11 October 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  5. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 11 October 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2007.
  6. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 11 October 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2007.
  7. ↑ "Nobel Prize in Literature 2012". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2012.
  8. ↑ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2012". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 10 October 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2012.
  9. ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2012". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2013-05-17. Retrieved 2016-07-01.
  10. ↑ Volkery, Carsten (12 October 2012). "Euroskeptics Deride Nobel Honor for European Union - SPIEGEL ONLINE". Der Spiegel. Spiegel.de. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
  11. ↑ "The Associated Press: EU detractors slam Nobel Peace Prize decision" . Retrieved 2012-10-13.[ dead link ]
  12. ↑ Steinhauser, Gabriele (12 October 2012). "European Union Wins Nobel Peace Prize - WSJ.com". Wall Street Journal. Online.wsj.com. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
  13. ↑ "Desmond Tutu, other Nobel Peace Prize laureates contest 2012 winner choice of EU". The Washington Post . Associated Press. 30 November 2012. Archived from the original on 1 December 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
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