Politics of Bangladesh takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Constitution of Bangladesh was written in 1972 and has undergone seventeen amendments.
The Bangladesh Awami League, simply known as Awami League, is one of the major political parties in Bangladesh. The oldest existing political party in the country, the party played a large role in achieving Bangladeshi independence both before and after the Bangladesh Liberation War. It is also one of the two most dominant parties in the country, along with its archrival Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Throughout its tenure as the ruling party from 2009 to August 5, 2024, it has been consistently described as authoritarian.
Bangladesh elects on national level a legislature with one house or chamber. The unicameral Jatiyo Sangshad, meaning national parliament, has 350 members of which 300 members are directly elected through a national election for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies while 50 memberships are reserved for the women who are selected by the ruling party or coalition. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The president who is the head of the state is elected by the National Parliament. The president of Bangladesh is a ceremonial post and does not exercise any control over the running of the state.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 29 December 2008. The two main parties in the election were the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), led by Khaleda Zia, and the Bangladesh Awami League Party, led by Sheikh Hasina. The Bangladesh Awami League Party formed a fourteen-party Grand Alliance including Ershad's Jatiya Party, while the BNP formed a four-party alliance which included the Islamist party Jamaat-e-Islami. The election was originally scheduled for January 2007, but it was postponed by a military-controlled caretaker government for an extended period of time.
The history of Bangladesh (1971–present) refers to the period after the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan.
Dhaka City Corporation (DCC) was the former self-governing corporation that was entrusted with the task of administering the municipal affairs of Dhaka. The incorporated area was divided into several wards. Each ward has an elected ward commissioner. The mayor of the city was elected by popular vote every five years, although the last mayoral election took place in 2002. The corporation was dissolved by the Local Government Amendment Bill 2011 on 29 November, passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh, and formally ceased to exist on 1 December 2011, following the President's approval, making way for a Dhaka North and a Dhaka South city corporations.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 5 January 2014, in accordance with the constitutional requirement that elections must take place within the 90-day period before the expiration of the term of the Jatiya Sangshad on 24 January 2014.
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 30 December 2018 to elect 300 directly-elected members of the Jatiya Sangsad. The result was another landslide victory for the Awami League-led Grand Alliance led by Sheikh Hasina. The elections were marred by violence, and were widely considered by opposition politicians and the international community to be rigged.
Islami Andolan Bangladesh, abbreviated as IAB, is a major Islamist political party in Bangladesh. It was founded in 1987 by Fazlul Karim as Islami Shashontantra Andolan, and took its current name in 2008.
Sayeed Khokon is a Bangladeshi businessman, politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Dhaka-6 constituency. He was Mayor of Dhaka South City Corporation from 2015 to 2020. He is the Executive Member of Bangladesh Awami League Central Committee. His father Mohammad Hanif was first elected Mayor of Dhaka City Corporation.
Sheikh Fazle Noor Taposh is a Bangladeshi politician and current mayor of South Dhaka. He previously served as a member of the Jatiya Sangsad for Dhaka-10 and Dhaka-12 from the Bangladesh Awami League.
Amir Khasru Mahmud Chowdhury is a standing committee member of Bangladesh Nationalist Party, and former minister of commerce. He hails from a political family in Chittagong and headed the city's BNP unit momentarily to organize the party.
Abdullah Al Noman is a Bangladeshi politician who is a vice-chairman of Bangladesh Nationalist Party. He is a 3-term Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Chittagong-9 constituency. He served as a minister of fisheries and food in the second Khaleda Cabinet.
A. K. M. Bahauddin Bahar ' is a Bangladeshi politician from Awami League and was the former Member of Parliament from Comilla-6.
AKM Fazlul Haque Milon is a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and the former Member of Parliament of Gazipur-3.
Serniabat Sadiq Abdullah is a Bangladeshi politician and businessman. He served as mayor of the Barisal City Corporation from 2018 to 2023. He is a son of Awami League politician Abul Hasanat Abdullah and grandson of Abdur Rab Serniabat.
The 2020 mayoral election of Dhaka North City Corporation was held on 1 February 2020. A total of 6 candidates participated in the election. The result was a victory for the Awami League candidate Atiqul Islam. However, the results were rejected by the main opposition candidate, Tabith Awal of Bangladesh Nationalist Party.
Electronic voting machines (EVMs) were introduced in Bangladesh to resolve problems of using paper ballots. They were first successfully used in 2007 for the election of the working committee of Dhaka Officers' Club. Since then, EVMs have been used sparingly in various city corporation elections in the country. In 2018 they were used in six constituencies for the first time in a general election.
The 2023 Barishal City Corporation election was an election in Barisal, Bangladesh, held on 12 June 2023 to elect the next mayor & councillors of Barisal. A total of 276,298 people cast their votes in 894 rooms of 126 polling stations in Barishal City Corporation election.
The 2018 Barishal City Corporation election was an election in Barisal, Bangladesh, held on 30 July 2018 to elect the next Mayor of Barisal. Serniabat Sadiq Abdullah was elected as second mayor of the Barishal City Corporation in August 2018.
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