2021 Nobel Prizes

The 2021 Nobel Prizes were awarded by the Nobel Foundation, based in Sweden. Six categories were awarded: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences. ^[1]

Nobel Week took place from December 6 to 12, including programming such as lectures, dialogues, and discussions. The award ceremony and banquet for the Peace Prize were scheduled in Oslo on December 10, while the award ceremony and banquet for all other categories were scheduled for the same day in Stockholm. ^{[2] [3]}

Prizes

Physics

Awardee(s)
	Syukuro Manabe (b. 1931)	Japanese American [4]	"for the physical modelling of Earth's climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming"	[5]
	Klaus Hasselmann (b. 1931)	German
	Giorgio Parisi (b. 1948)	Italian	"for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales"

Chemistry

Awardee(s)
	Benjamin List (b. 1968)	German	"for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis"	[6]
	David W.C. MacMillan (b. 1968)	British

Physiology or Medicine

Main article: 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

Awardee(s)
	David Julius (b. 1955)	United States	"for the discovery of receptors for temperature and touch"	[7]
	Ardem Patapoutian (b. 1967)	Lebanon United States

Literature

Main article: 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature

Awardee(s)
	Abdulrazak Gurnah (b. 1948)	Tanzania United Kingdom (born in the Sultanate of Zanzibar)	"for his uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee in the gulf between cultures and continents"	[8]

Peace

Main article: 2021 Nobel Peace Prize

Awardee(s)
	Maria Ressa (b. 1963)	Philippines United States	"for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace."	[9]
	Dmitry Muratov (b. 1961)	Russia

Economic Sciences

Main article: 2021 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences

Awardee(s)
	David Card (b. 1956)	Canada United States	"for his empirical contributions to labour economics"	[10]
	Joshua Angrist (b. 1960)	United States Israel	"for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships"
	Guido Imbens (b. 1963)	United States Netherlands

References

1. "All Nobel Prizes 2021". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2024-12-09.
2. "2021 Nobel Peace Prize Award Ceremony - Nobel Peace Prize". www.nobelpeaceprize.org. 2022-01-06. Retrieved 2024-12-09.
3. Royen, Ulrika (2021-11-05). "The Nobel Prize award ceremony 2021". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2024-12-09.
4. "He is considered a U.S. citizen by Nobel Prize Committee". Reuters . Archived from the original on 5 October 2021. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
5. "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021". Nobel Foundation. 5 October 2021. Archived from the original on 4 May 2024. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
6. "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 6 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
7. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine" (PDF). Nobel Foundation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
8. "The Nobel Prize in Literature 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
9. "The Nobel Peace Prize 2021 - Press Release". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
10. "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2021". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2021-10-11. Retrieved 2021-10-11.