Ardem Patapoutian

Last updated

Ardem Patapoutian
Ardem Patapoutian by C Michel 67 (cropped).jpg
Ardem Patapoutian in 2022
BornOctober 1, 1967 (age 56–57)
Beirut, Lebanon
Citizenship
  • Armenia
  • Lebanon
  • United States
Education American University of Beirut
University of California, Los Angeles (BS)
California Institute of Technology (MS, PhD)
Known forresearch of PIEZO1, PIEZO2, TRPM8 receptors
Awards Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2021)
Scientific career
Fields Molecular biology, neuroscience
Institutions Scripps Research
Thesis The role of the MyoD family genes during mouse development  (1996)
Doctoral advisor Barbara Wold

Ardem Patapoutian (born 1967) [1] is a Lebanese-American molecular biologist, neuroscientist, and Nobel Prize laureate of Armenian descent. [2] He is known for his work in characterizing the PIEZO1, PIEZO2, and TRPM8 receptors that detect pressure, menthol, and temperature. Patapoutian is a neuroscience professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at Scripps Research in La Jolla, California. In 2021, he won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with David Julius. [3]

Contents

Early life

Ardem Patapoutian (Armenian : Արտեմ Փաթափութեան) was born to a Lebanese Armenian family in Beirut, Lebanon. [2] [4] [5] His father, Sarkis Patapoutian (better known by the pen name Sarkis Vahakn  [ hy ]), is a poet and an accountant, [6] while his mother, Haiguhi Adjemian, was the principal of an Armenian school in Beirut. He has a brother, Ara, and a sister, Houry. [7] His grandparents settled in Lebanon from Hadjin after surviving the Armenian Genocide. [8] [9] [10]

He is childhood friends with journalist and author Vicken Cheterian. [11] He attended the Demirdjian and Hovagimian Armenian schools in Beirut. [11] He enrolled at the American University of Beirut for a year before emigrating to the United States in 1986. [5] [12] He received a B.S. degree in cell and developmental biology from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1990 and a Ph.D. degree in biology from the California Institute of Technology in 1996 under direction of Barbara Wold. [13] [5] [14]

As a postdoctoral fellow, Patapoutian worked with Louis F. Reichardt at the University of California, San Francisco. [15] In 2000, he became an assistant professor at the Scripps Research Institute. [16] Between 2000 and 2014, he had an additional research position for the Novartis Research Foundation. [17] Since 2014, Patapoutian has been an investigator for the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI). [14]

Personal life

Patapoutian, a naturalized US citizen, [5] lives in Del Mar, California with his wife Nancy Hong, a venture capitalist, and son, Luca. [18] [19] [20] [21]

Research

Patapoutian's research is into the biological receptors for temperature and touch (nociception). [3] The knowledge is used to develop treatments for a range of diseases, including chronic pain. [22] The discoveries made it possible to understand how heat, cold and mechanical forces trigger nerve impulses. [22]

Patapoutian researches the signal transduction of sensors. Patapoutian and co-workers inactivated genes. [23] In this way, they identified the gene, that made the cells insensitive for touch. [23] The channel for the sense of touch was called PIEZO1 (transl. pressure). [23] Through its similarity to PIEZO1, a second gene was discovered and named PIEZO2. [24] This ion channel, the more important of the two mechanoreceptors, is essential for the sense of touch. [24] [25] PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 channels have been shown to regulate additional important physiological processes including blood pressure, respiration and urinary bladder control. [24]

Patapoutian also made significant contributions to the identification of novel ion channels and receptors that are activated by temperature, mechanical forces or increased cell volume. [26] [27] Patapoutian and his collaborators were able to show that these ion channels play an outstanding role in the sensation of temperature, in the sensation of touch, in proprioception, [28] in the sensation of pain and in the regulation of vascular tone. More recent work uses functional genomics techniques to identify and characterize mechanosensitive ion channels (mechanotransduction). [16] [29] [30] [31]

Awards and honors

Patapoutian on a 2022 stamp of Armenia Ardem Patapoutian 2022 stamp of Armenia.jpg
Patapoutian on a 2022 stamp of Armenia
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021: Discovery of TRPV1 and PIEZO2 22 Hegasy EN Nobel Prize 2021 TRPV1 Piezo2.png
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021: Discovery of TRPV1 and PIEZO2

Patapoutian has an h-index of 68 according to Google Scholar, [32] and of 63 according to Scopus [33] (As of May 2020). He has been a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science since 2016, a member of the National Academy of Sciences since 2017 [34] and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2020. [35]

In 2017, Patapoutian received the W. Alden Spencer Award, [36] in 2019 the Rosenstiel Award, [37] in 2020 the Kavli Prize for Neuroscience, [38] and the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Biology / Biomedicine. [39]

In 2021, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with David Julius for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch. [3] [40] [41]

In October 2021 President of Lebanon Michel Aoun awarded Patapoutian the Lebanese Order of Merit. [42]

In December 2021, Patapoutian received the American Academy of Achievement’s Golden Plate Award presented by Awards Council member Frances Arnold. [43]

In 2022, Patapoutian was named by Carnegie Corporation of New York as an honoree of the Great Immigrants Award. [44]

Recognition in Armenia

Patapoutian, the first Armenian Nobel laureate, received a hero's welcome when he visited Armenia in June 2022. Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan awarded him the Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots, [45] while the Armenian National Academy of Sciences elected him an honorary member, [46] and the Yerevan State Medical University awarded him an honorary doctorate. [47] Patapoutian gifted a replica of his Nobel medal to the History Museum of Armenia. [48] [49] HayPost issued a stamp dedicated to him. [50]

Selected publications

PIEZO1 + PIEZO2

PIEZO2

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nobel Prize</span> Prizes established by Alfred Nobel in 1895

The Nobel Prizes are five separate prizes awarded to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind, as established by the 1895 will of Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist Alfred Nobel, in the year before he died. Prizes were first awarded in 1901 by the Nobel Foundation. Nobel's will indicated that the awards should be granted in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. A sixth prize for Economic Sciences, endowed by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, and first presented in 1969, is also frequently included, as it is also administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel Prizes are widely regarded as the most prestigious awards available in their respective fields.

In physiology, thermoception or thermoreception is the sensation and perception of temperature, or more accurately, temperature differences inferred from heat flux. It deals with a series of events and processes required for an organism to receive a temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal in order to trigger an appropriate defense response.

The year 1967 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Max Planck Society</span> Association of German research institutes

The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. Founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, it was renamed to the Max Planck Society in 1948 in honor of its former president, theoretical physicist Max Planck. The society is funded by the federal and state governments of Germany.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scripps Research</span> Nonprofit American medical research institute

Scripps Research is a nonprofit American medical research facility that focuses on research and education in the biomedical sciences. Headquartered in San Diego, California, the institute has over 170 laboratories employing 2,100 scientists, technicians, graduate students, and administrative and other staff.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aaron Ciechanover</span> Israeli biologist and Nobel Laureate

Aaron Ciechanover is an Israeli biologist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for characterizing the method that cells use to degrade and recycle proteins using ubiquitin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daron Acemoglu</span> Turkish-American economist (born 1967)

Kamer Daron Acemoğlu is a Turkish-American economist of Armenian descent who has taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology since 1993, where he is currently the Elizabeth and James Killian Professor of Economics, and was named an Institute Professor at MIT in 2019. He received the John Bates Clark Medal in 2005, and the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2024.

Mechanosensitive channels (MSCs), mechanosensitive ion channels or stretch-gated ion channels are membrane proteins capable of responding to mechanical stress over a wide dynamic range of external mechanical stimuli. They are present in the membranes of organisms from the three domains of life: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. They are the sensors for a number of systems including the senses of touch, hearing and balance, as well as participating in cardiovascular regulation and osmotic homeostasis (e.g. thirst). The channels vary in selectivity for the permeating ions from nonselective between anions and cations in bacteria, to cation selective allowing passage Ca2+, K+ and Na+ in eukaryotes, and highly selective K+ channels in bacteria and eukaryotes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">David Julius</span> American physiologist and Nobel laureate 2021

David Jay Julius is an American physiologist and Nobel Prize laureate known for his work on molecular mechanisms of pain sensation and heat, including the characterization of the TRPV1 and TRPM8 receptors that detect capsaicin, menthol, and temperature. He is a professor at the University of California, San Francisco.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Order of Merit (Lebanon)</span>

The Order of Merit is a Lebanese order of merit and the highest honorary decoration in Lebanon. Founded on 16 January 1922 by the mandate authorities, it has since its inception rewarded civilians who perform acts of chivalry and loyalty to the Nation. It can be awarded posthumously to those who deserve it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots</span>

The Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots is awarded for significant achievements in economic development of Armenia, natural and social sciences, inventions, culture, education, healthcare, and public service, as well as for activities promoting scientific, technological, economic and cultural cooperation with foreign countries. The law on the St. Mesrop Mashtots Order has been in effect since July 26, 1993. It is named after Mesrop Mashtots.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PIEZO1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

PIEZO1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel protein that in humans is encoded by the gene PIEZO1. PIEZO1 and its close homolog PIEZO2 were cloned in 2010, using an siRNA-based screen for mechanosensitive ion channels.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PIEZO2</span>

Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PIEZO2 gene. It has a homotrimeric structure, with three blades curving into a nano-dome, with a diameter of 28 nanometers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Emmanuelle Charpentier</span> French microbiologist, biochemist and Nobel laureate

Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier is a French professor and researcher in microbiology, genetics, and biochemistry. As of 2015, she has been a director at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin. In 2018, she founded an independent research institute, the Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens. In 2020, Charpentier and American biochemist Jennifer Doudna of the University of California, Berkeley, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the development of a method for genome editing". This was the first science Nobel Prize ever won by two women only.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yoda1</span> Chemical compound

Yoda1 is a chemical compound which is the first agonist developed for the mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO1. This protein is involved in regulation of blood pressure and red blood cell volume, and Yoda1 is used in scientific research in these areas.

Arun Kumar Shukla is an Indian structural biologist and the Joy-Gill Chair professor at the department of biological sciences and bioengineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. Known for his studies on G protein-coupled receptor, Shukla is a Wellcome Trust-DBT Intermediate Fellow and a recipient of the SwarnaJayanti Fellowship of the Department of Science and Technology. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences, in 2017/18. He received the 2021 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology in Biological Science. He was awarded the Infosys Prize 2023 in Life Sciences his outstanding contributions to the biology of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs).

The 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was jointly awarded to the American physiologist David Julius and Armenian-American neuroscientist Ardem Patapoutian "for the discovery of receptors for temperature and touch." During the award ceremony on December 10, 2021, Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet member Patrik Ernfors expressed:

"The 2021 Nobel Prize laureates have explained fundamental mechanisms underpinning how we sense the world within and around us. Our temperature and touch sensors are used all the time in every day of our lives. They continuously keep us updated about our environment, and without them even the simplest of our daily tasks would be impossible to perform."

References

  1. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. January 10, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
  2. 1 2 Ahlander, Johan; Burger, Ludwig (October 4, 2021). "Two Americans win Medicine Nobel for work on heat and touch". Reuters . Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  4. ↑ "Americans Julius and Patapoutian win 2021 Nobel Prize in Medicine". The Indian Express . October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Scripps Research neurobiologist Ardem Patapoutian elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences". Scripps Research . April 30, 2020. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  6. ↑ Braidy, Nour (October 12, 2021). "Ardem Patapoutian: The journey of a boy from Beirut who won the Nobel Prize". L'Orient-Le Jour . Archived from the original on November 6, 2021.
  7. ↑ "Նոբելյան մրցանակ է շնորհվել հայազգի գիտնական Արտեմ Փաթափությանին". sci.am (in Armenian). National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. October 6, 2021. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021.
  8. ↑ Patapoutian, Ardem (April 24, 2022). "The Armenian Genocide is still denied and ignored by many but is commemorated by Armenians around the globe on April 24 (107th anniversary this year). Today I am thinking of my ancestors who perished and those who survived and started a new life in Lebanon". Twitter. Archived from the original on May 7, 2022.
  9. ↑ "'My family's history is represented here' – Ardem Patapoutian visits Armenian Genocide Memorial". Armenpress. June 16, 2022. Archived from the original on June 25, 2022.
  10. ↑ "ARDEM PATAPOUTIAN WINS NOBEL PRIZE IN MEDICINE". Armenianprelacy.org.
  11. 1 2 Taryan, Mari (October 5, 2021). "Արտեմ Փաթափությանի մանկությունը՝ բասկետբոլի եւ պատերազմի արանքում". mediamax.am (in Armenian). Archived from the original on November 8, 2021.
  12. ↑ "Nobel Prize for AUB alumnus and former student Ardem Patapoutian". American University of Beirut. October 5, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  13. ↑ Patapoutian, Ardem (1996). The Role of the MyoD Family Genes During Mouse Development (Ph.D. thesis). California Institute of Technology. OCLC   35966904. ProQuest   304282071.
  14. 1 2 "Ardem Patapoutian". www.kavliprize.org. March 12, 2021. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  15. ↑ "Scripps Research neuroscientist Ardem Patapoutian receives 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology". Scripps Research. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  16. 1 2 "Ardem Patapoutian". Scripps Research. Archived from the original on February 2, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  17. ↑ "Medizin-Nobelpreis für Entschlüsselung des Taststinns". tagesschau.de (in German). October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
  18. ↑ Robbins, Gary (December 9, 2021). "Del Mar's Ardem Patapoutian receives Nobel Prize during special ceremony in Irvine". Del Mar Times . The San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021.
  19. ↑ Robbins, Gary (November 7, 2021). "San Diego's Ardem Patapoutian experiences the dizzying, fragile joy of winning the Nobel Prize". The San Diego Union-Tribune . Archived from the original on December 25, 2021. ...Patapoutian and his wife, venture capitalist Nancy Hong...
  20. ↑ "Nobel Prize Laureate Finds Out He Won While in Bed, Check Out Viral Picture Here". The Quint . October 5, 2021. Archived from the original on October 5, 2021.
  21. ↑ "New medicine laureate Ardem Patapoutian and his son Luca, watching the #NobelPrize press conference shortly after finding out the happy news". Twitter. The Nobel Prize. October 4, 2021. Archived from the original on December 25, 2021.
  22. 1 2 "Medizin-Nobelpreis – US-Forscher David Julius und Ardem Patapoutian ausgezeichnet". Deutschlandfunk (in German). April 15, 2019. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  23. 1 2 3 4 "Nobel Prize in Medicine Awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian". The New York Times . October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  24. 1 2 3 "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021". NobelPrize.org. October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  25. 1 2 "Medizin-Nobelpreis: Wie Nervenzellen Temperaturen und Berührungen erkennen". Deutsches Ärzteblatt (in German). October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  26. ↑ Syeda, Ruhma; Qiu, Zhaozhu; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Murthy, Swetha E.; Florendo, Maria N.; Mason, Daniel E.; Mathur, Jayanti; Cahalan, Stuart M.; Peters, Eric C.; Montal, Mauricio; Patapoutian, Ardem (January 28, 2016). "LRRC8 Proteins Form Volume-Regulated Anion Channels that Sense Ionic Strength". Cell. 164 (3): 499–511. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.031. ISSN   1097-4172. PMC   4733249 . PMID   26824658.
  27. ↑ Qiu, Zhaozhu; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Mathur, Jayanti; Tu, Buu; Reddy, Kritika; Miraglia, Loren J.; Reinhardt, Jürgen; Orth, Anthony P.; Patapoutian, Ardem (2014). "SWELL1, a Plasma Membrane Protein, Is an Essential Component of Volume-Regulated Anion Channel". Cell. 157 (2). Elsevier BV: 447–458. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.024. ISSN   0092-8674. PMC   4023864 . PMID   24725410.
  28. ↑ Woo, Seung-Hyun; Lukacs, Viktor; de Nooij, Joriene C; Zaytseva, Dasha; Criddle, Connor R; Francisco, Allain; Jessell, Thomas M; Wilkinson, Katherine A; Patapoutian, Ardem (November 9, 2015). "Piezo2 is the principal mechanotransduction channel for proprioception". Nature Neuroscience. 18 (12). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 1756–1762. doi:10.1038/nn.4162. ISSN   1097-6256. PMC   4661126 . PMID   26551544.
  29. ↑ "Piezo channels in mechanotransduction: Sensory biology to disease – Ardem Patapoutian". Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute. December 17, 2019. Archived from the original on October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
  30. ↑ Syeda, Ruhma; Xu, Jie; Dubin, Adrienne E; Coste, Bertrand; Mathur, Jayanti; Huynh, Truc; Matzen, Jason; Lao, Jianmin; Tully, David C; Engels, Ingo H; Petrassi, H Michael; Schumacher, Andrew M; Montal, Mauricio; Bandell, Michael; Patapoutian, Ardem (May 22, 2015). "Chemical activation of the mechanotransduction channel Piezo1". eLife. 4. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd. doi: 10.7554/elife.07369 . ISSN   2050-084X. PMC   4456433 . PMID   26001275.
  31. ↑ Murthy, Swetha E.; Dubin, Adrienne E.; Patapoutian, Ardem (October 4, 2017). "Piezos thrive under pressure: mechanically activated ion channels in health and disease". Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 18 (12). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 771–783. doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.92. ISSN   1471-0072. PMID   28974772. S2CID   20977908.
  32. ↑ Ardem Patapoutian publications indexed by Google Scholar OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
  33. ↑ Ardem Patapoutian publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
  34. ↑ "Ardem Patapoutian". www.nasonline.org. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  35. ↑ "Members Elected in 2020". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. December 9, 2020. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  36. ↑ "The Thirty-Ninth Annual W. Alden Spencer Award and Lecture". Kavli Institute for Brain Science. June 4, 2020. Archived from the original on December 27, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  37. ↑ "Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Basic Medical Research". www.brandeis.edu. Archived from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  38. ↑ "2020 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience". www.kavliprize.org. March 12, 2021. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 23, 2021.
  39. ↑ "Fundación BBVA". FBBVA. Archived from the original on January 30, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  40. ↑ "Armenian President congratulates Ardem Patapoutian on winning the Nobel Prize in Medicine". Public Radio of Armenia . October 4, 2021. Retrieved October 5, 2021.
  41. ↑ "Armenian President congratulates Ardem Patapoutian on winning the Nobel Prize in Medicine". Public Radio of Armenia. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
  42. ↑ "Nobel prize winner Ardem Patapoutian awarded Lebanese Order of Merit". The National . October 6, 2021. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021.
  43. ↑ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  44. ↑ "Ardem Patapoutian". Carnegie Corporation of New York. Retrieved June 10, 2024.
  45. ↑ "PM Pashinyan hosts Nobel Laureate Ardem Patapoutian, awards him with the Order of St. Mesrop Mashtots". The Office to the Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia. June 16, 2022. Archived from the original on June 22, 2022.
  46. ↑ "Նոբելյան մրցանակի դափնեկիր Արտեմ Փաթափությանն ընտրվել է ՀՀ ԳԱԱ պատվավոր անդամ [Nobel Laureate Artem Pataputyan was elected an honorary member of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia]". sci.am (in Armenian). National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. June 14, 2022. Archived from the original on June 20, 2022.
  47. ↑ "First Armenian Nobel Prize winner Ardem Patapoutian is YSMU Honorary Doctor". Yerevan State Medical University. June 14, 2022. Archived from the original on June 22, 2022.
  48. ↑ Patapoutian, Ardem (June 15, 2022). "The 2nd (out of 3) replica medals has found a home at the History Museum of Armenia in Yerevan!". Twitter. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022.
  49. ↑ Ghazanchyan, Siranush (June 16, 2022). "Replica of Ardem Patapoutian's Nobel medal to be on display at History Museum of Armenia". Public Radio of Armenia. Archived from the original on June 21, 2022.
  50. ↑ "World famous Armenians. Ardem Patapoutian". stamps.am. HayPost. June 14, 2022. Archived from the original on July 1, 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.