221 Eos

Last updated
221 Eos
000221-asteroid shape model (221) Eos.png
3D model based on lightcurve data
Discovery
Discovered by Johann Palisa
Discovery date18 January 1882
Designations
(221) Eos
Pronunciation /ˈɒs/ [1]
Named after
Eos
A882 BA
Main belt (Eos)
Adjectives Eoan /ˈ.ən/ [2]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 31 July 2016 (JD 2457600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 130.21 yr (47561 d)
Aphelion 3.3249  AU (497.40  Gm)
Perihelion 2.69594 AU (403.307 Gm)
3.01044 AU (450.355 Gm)
Eccentricity 0.10447
5.22 yr (1907.8 d)
Average orbital speed
17.16 km/s
66.5202°
0° 11m 19.284s / day
Inclination 10.880°
141.845°
193.56°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions103.87±3.6  km [3]
103.52 ± 5.60 km [4]
Mass (5.87 ± 0.34) × 1018 kg [4]
Mean density
10.10 ± 1.74 g/cm3 [4]
10.443  h (0.4351  d)
0.1400±0.010
K
7.67

    Eos (minor planet designation: 221 Eos) is a large main-belt asteroid that was discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa on January 18, 1882, in Vienna. In 1884, it was named after Eos, the Greek goddess of the dawn, to honour the opening of a new observatory that was hoped to bring about a new dawn for Viennese astronomy. [5]

    The asteroid is orbiting the Sun with a semimajor axis of 3.01  AU , a period of 5.22 years, and an eccentricity of 0.1. The orbital plane is inclined by 10.9° to the plane of the ecliptic. It has a mean cross-section of 104 km, [3] and is spinning with a rotation period of 10.4 hours. Based upon its spectral characteristics, this object is classified as a K-type asteroid. The orbital properties show it to be a member of the extensive Eos asteroid family, which is named after it. [6] The spectral properties of the asteroid suggest it may have come from a partially differentiated parent body. [7]

    Related Research Articles

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">222 Lucia</span> Main-belt asteroid

    Lucia is a large Themistian asteroid. It was discovered by Johann Palisa on 9 February 1882 in Vienna and named after Lucia, daughter of Austro-Hungarian explorer Graf Wilczek.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">236 Honoria</span> Main-belt asteroid

    Honoria is a large main belt asteroid that was discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa on 26 April 1884 in Vienna. The asteroid was named after Honoria, granddaughter of the Roman Emperor Theodosius I, who started negotiations with Attila the Hun. It is classified as a stony S-type asteroid based upon its spectrum. 236 Honoria is orbiting close to a 5:2 mean motion resonance with Jupiter, which is located at 2.824 AU.

    Oppavia is a sizeable Main belt asteroid. It was discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa on 31 March 1886 in Vienna and was named after Opava, a town in the Czech Republic, then part of Austria-Hungary, where Palisa was born. It is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.75 AU with an orbital eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.077 and a period of 4.55 yr. The orbital plane is inclined by an angle of 9.47° to the plane of the ecliptic.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">308 Polyxo</span> Main-belt asteroid

    Polyxo is a main-belt asteroid that was discovered by A. Borrelly on March 31, 1891, in Marseilles. It is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.75 AU with a low orbital eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.04 and a period of 4.56 yr. The orbital plane is tilted at an angle of 4.36° to the plane of the ecliptic.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">339 Dorothea</span> Main-belt asteroid

    Dorothea is a large main belt asteroid that was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on 25 September 1892 in Heidelberg.

    Roma is an asteroid. It was discovered by Luigi Carnera on July 11, 1901. Its provisional name was 1901 GP. This asteroid was named by Antonio Abetti for the city of Rome in Italy, the native country of its discoverer.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">497 Iva</span> Main-belt asteroid

    Iva is a main-belt asteroid orbiting the Sun, not to be confused with 1627 Ivar. It was discovered by American astronomer R. S. Dugan on 4 November 1902, and was named for Iva Shores, the young daughter of the family where he was staying in Heidelberg. This object is orbiting at a distance of 2.85 AU with a period of 4.82 yr and an eccentricity of 0.3. The orbital plane is inclined at an angle of 4.8° to the plane of the ecliptic.

    Salome is a minor planet orbiting the Sun that was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on 3 April 1905 from Heidelberg. It is named after Salome, the daughter of Herodias who is referenced in the New Testament.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">573 Recha</span> Minor planet orbiting in the asteroid belt

    Recha is a minor planet, specifically an asteroid orbiting in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. The asteroid, discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on September 19, 1905, was named after a character in Gotthold Ephraim Lessing's play Nathan the Wise and may have been inspired by the asteroid's provisional designation 1905 RC.

    Sidonia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun that was discovered by the German astronomer August Kopff on November 3, 1905. It was named after a character in Christoph Willibald Gluck's opera Armide. The name may have been inspired by the asteroid's provisional designation 1905 SD.

    639 Latona is a minor planet, specifically an asteroid orbiting in the asteroid belt. It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Lohnert on July 19, 1907, at Heidelberg.

    653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on 27 November 1907 by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named. The name may have been inspired by the asteroid's provisional designation 1907 BK.

    661 Cloelia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun that was discovered by American astronomer Joel Hastings Metcalf on February 22, 1908.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">699 Hela</span>

    699 Hela is a Mars crossing asteroid. It was discovered on 5 June 1910 at Heidelberg by German astronomer Joseph Helffrich, and may have been named after Hel, the Norse ruler of the underworld. This asteroid is orbiting the Sun at a distance of 2.61 AU with a period of 4.22 years and an eccentricity of 0.41. The orbital plane is inclined at an angle of 15.3° to the plane of the ecliptic.

    742 Edisona is a minor planet, specifically an asteroid orbiting in the asteroid belt that was discovered by German astronomer Franz Kaiser on February 23, 1913. It was named for inventor Thomas Edison. This asteroid is orbiting 3.01 AU with a period of 5.22 years and an eccentricity of 0.119. The orbital plane is inclined at an angle of 11.2° to the plane of the ecliptic. This is a member of the dynamic Eos family of asteroids that most likely formed as the result of a collisional breakup of a parent body.

    766 Moguntia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It was discovered on 29 September 1913 at Heidelberg by German astronomer Franz Kaiser, and is named after Mainz, ancient Moguntiacum. This object is a member of the same dynamic asteroid group as 221 Eos, the Eos family. It is orbiting at a distance of 3.02 AU from the Sun with a period of 5.24 years and an eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.097. The orbital plane is inclined at an angle of 10.1° to the plane of the ecliptic.

    798 Ruth is a minor planet orbiting the Sun that was discovered by the German astronomer Max Wolf on 21 November 1914. It may have been named after the biblical character Ruth. This main belt asteroid has an orbital period of 5.23 years and is orbiting at a distance of 3.0 AU from the Sun with an eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.036. The orbital plane is tilted by 9.2° from the plane of the ecliptic.

    897 Lysistrata is a minor planet orbiting the Sun that was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf on August 3, 1918.

    1971 Hagihara, provisional designation 1955 RD1, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter.

    1410 Margret, provisional designation 1937 AL, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 January 1937, by astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named after Margret Braun, wife of the Heidelberg astronomer Heinrich Vogt.

    References

    1. Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
    2. "Eoan" . Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press.(Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
    3. 1 2 3 "221 Eos". JPL Small-Body Database . NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
    4. 1 2 3 Carry, B. (December 2012), "Density of asteroids", Planetary and Space Science, 73 (1): 98–118, arXiv: 1203.4336 , Bibcode:2012P&SS...73...98C, doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.03.009, S2CID   119226456. See Table 1.
    5. Schmadel, Lutz (2003), Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Springer Science & Business Media, p. 35, ISBN   9783540002383.
    6. Veeder, G. J.; et al. (March 1995), "Eos, Koronis, and Maria family asteroids: Infrared (JHK) photometry", Icarus, 114 (1): 186–196, Bibcode:1995Icar..114..186V, CiteSeerX   10.1.1.31.2739 , doi:10.1006/icar.1995.1053.
    7. Mothé-Diniz, T.; Carvano, J. M. (November 2005), "221 Eos: a remnant of a partially differentiated parent body?", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 442 (2): 727–729, Bibcode:2005A&A...442..727M, doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20053551 .