323 Brucia

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323 Brucia
323 Brucia.gif
Orbital diagram of Brucia
Discovery [1]
Discovered by M. F. Wolf
Discovery site Heidelberg Obs.
Discovery date22 December 1891
Designations
(323) Brucia
Pronunciation /ˈbruːsiə,ˈbruːʃə/
Named after
 Catherine Wolfe Bruce [2]
(American philanthropist)
1934 JC ·A923 JA
main-belt  ·(inner)
Phocaea [3]  ·ex-Mars-crosser [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 125.35 yr (45,785 days)
Aphelion 3.0979 AU
Perihelion 1.6662 AU
2.3820 AU
Eccentricity 0.3005
3.68 yr (1,343 days)
106.64°
0° 16m 5.16s / day
Inclination 24.230°
97.398°
291.26°
Mars  MOID 0.3464 AU
Physical characteristics
Dimensions 27.714±0.300  km [5]
29.23±2.92 km [6]
32.395±0.317 km [7]
35.82±1.7 km [4] [8]
37.29±0.76 km [9]
9.46  h [10]
9.4602±0.0001 h [11]
9.463±0.005 h [12]
10 h [4]
0.165±0.007 [9]
0.1765±0.018 [8]
0.2174±0.0421 [7]
0.265±0.053 [6]
0.295±0.046 [5]
Tholen = S [1] [4]
B–V = 0.893 [1]
U–B = 0.480 [1]
9.09±0.58 [13]  ·9.73 [1] [4] [6] [7] [8] [9]

    323 Brucia is a stony Phocaea asteroid and former Mars-crosser from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 33 kilometers (21 miles) in diameter. It was the first asteroid to be discovered by the use of astrophotography. [14]

    Contents

    Description

    Brucia was also the first of over 200 asteroids discovered by Max Wolf, a pioneer in that method of finding astronomical objects. Discovered on 22 December 1891, when he was 28 years old, it was named in honour of Catherine Wolfe Bruce, a noted patroness of the science of astronomy, who had donated $10,000 for the construction of the telescope used by Wolf. [2] [15]

    The asteroid is a member of the Phocaea family ( 701 ), [3] a large family of stony S-type asteroids with nearly two thousand known members. [16] : 23  It was an outer Mars-crossing asteroid with perihelion less than 1.666 AU [1] until July 2017. For comparison, asteroid 4222 Nancita will become a Mars-crosser in June 2019. (6454) 1991 UG1 was a Mars-crossing asteroid until January 2016. [17] [ needs update ]

    Brucia has a synodic rotation period of 9.463 hours (as of 1998). [4] According to the survey carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite, Brucia measures 35.82 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.1765. [8]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 323 Brucia" (2017-04-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    2. 1 2 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(323) Brucia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 42. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_324. ISBN   978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. 1 2 "Asteroid 323 Brucia – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
    4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "LCDB Data for (323) Brucia". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    5. 1 2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv: 1406.6645 . Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. S2CID   119293330 . Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    6. 1 2 3 Alí-Lagoa, V.; Delbo', M. (July 2017). "Sizes and albedos of Mars-crossing asteroids from WISE/NEOWISE data". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 603: 8. arXiv: 1705.10263 . Bibcode:2017A&A...603A..55A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629917. S2CID   119224590.
    7. 1 2 3 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv: 1109.6407 . Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID   118700974.
    8. 1 2 3 4 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T . Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    9. 1 2 3 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi: 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 . Online catalog
    10. ↑ Schober, H. J.; Erikson, A.; Hahn, G.; Lagerkvist, C. I.; Oja, T. (November 1993). "Physical Studies of Asteroids. Part XXVI. Rotation and Photoelectric Photometry of Asteroids 323, 350, 582, 1021 and 1866". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 101 (3): 507. Bibcode:1993A&AS..101..499S . Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    11. ↑ Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (323) Brucia". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    12. ↑ Warner, Brian D. (July 2014). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2014 January–March". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (3): 144–155. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..144W. ISSN   1052-8091. PMC   7296833 . PMID   32549049.
    13. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 – Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv: 1506.00762 . Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. S2CID   53493339 . Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    14. ↑ Campbell, W. W. (1892). "Discovery of Asteroids by Photography". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 4 (26): 264. Bibcode:1892PASP....4..264C. doi: 10.1086/120521 .
    15. ↑ "323 Brucia". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
    16. ↑ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv: 1502.01628 . Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN   9780816532131. S2CID   119280014.
    17. ↑ "6454 (1991 UG1)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archived from the original on 10 June 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2025.
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